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Sexual Orientation Non-Discrimination Act
The Sexual Orientation Non-Discrimination Act (SONDA) is a New York law which prohibits discrimination on the basis of actual or perceived sexual orientation in employment, housing, public accommodations, education, credit, and the exercise of civil rights. Passed in 2002, SONDA added the term "sexual orientation" to the list of specifically protected characteristics in various state laws, including the Human Rights Law, the Civil Rights Law, and the Education Law. History SONDA was first introduced in the New York State Assembly on February 16, 1971 by Assemblymember Al Blumenthal (D-Manhattan) and in the New York State Senate by Senator Manfred Ohrenstein (D-Manhattan), only to be defeated. The bill was reintroduced in the Assembly in 1983, but was again defeated by a narrow margin. In 1990, Deborah Glick (D-Manhattan) became the first openly gay member of the Assembly. Glick made SONDA as a top priority of her campaign. The legislation was first passed by the Assembly on Februar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sexual Orientation
Sexual orientation is an enduring pattern of romantic or sexual attraction (or a combination of these) to persons of the opposite sex or gender, the same sex or gender, or to both sexes or more than one gender. These attractions are generally subsumed under heterosexuality, homosexuality, and bisexuality, while asexuality (the lack of sexual attraction to others) is sometimes identified as the fourth category. These categories are aspects of the more nuanced nature of sexual identity and terminology. For example, people may use other labels, such as ''pansexual'' or '' polysexual'', or none at all. According to the American Psychological Association, sexual orientation "also refers to a person's sense of identity based on those attractions, related behaviors, and membership in a community of others who share those attractions". ''Androphilia'' and ''gynephilia'' are terms used in behavioral science to describe sexual orientation as an alternative to a gender binary conce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manfred Ohrenstein
Manfred Ohrenstein (born August 5, 1925) is a lawyer and Of Counsel to the New York law firm of Ruskin Moscou Faltischek, P.C. He is a former member of the New York State Senate. A Democrat, he represented Manhattan from 1961 until 1994. From 1975 until 1994, he served as the New York State Senate Minority Leader. He is married to Dr. Marilyn Bacher and has two children, Nancy and David and four grandchildren. Biography The son of a furniture merchant, Manfred "Fred" Ohrenstein was born in 1925 in Mannheim, Germany. In 1938, Ohrenstein and his family, who were Jewish, fled Nazi Germany. Ohrenstein and his family settled in Brownsville, Brooklyn. Ohrenstein graduated from Brooklyn College in 1948 with a B.A Degree, ''Cum Laude.'' He thereafter attended Columbia Law School from 1948 to 1951, where he was designated as a Harlan Fiske Stone Scholar and graduated with the degree of Juris Doctor. From 1952 to 1954, Ohrenstein served in the U.S. Army as a First Lieutenant, Judge Advoc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deborah Glick
Deborah J. Glick (born December 24, 1950) is a member of the New York State Assembly representing the 66th Assembly District in Lower Manhattan, including the neighborhoods of Alphabet City, Greenwich Village, Noho, the East Village, Manhattan, East Village, the West Village, Tribeca, and Battery Park City. She is a Democratic Party (United States), Democrat. Biography Glick is a lifelong resident of New York City and has lived in Greenwich Village for over 40 years. A graduate of the City University of New York's Queens College, she received a Master of Business Administration degree from Fordham University. Glick owned and managed a small printing business in TriBeCa before becoming Deputy Director of General Services at the New York City Department of Housing, Preservation, and Development, where she worked until May 1990. Glick's political activism began in college and she is still strongly involved in grassroots organizing. Glick first ran for the State Assembly in 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Pataki
George Elmer Pataki (; born June 24, 1945) is an American lawyer and politician who served as the 53rd governor of New York from 1995 to 2006. An attorney by profession, Pataki was elected mayor of his hometown of Peekskill, New York, and went on to be elected to the State Assembly and the State Senate. After defeating three-term incumbent Governor Mario Cuomo by a margin of three points in 1994, Pataki would go on to be elected to three consecutive terms himself. He was the third Republican since 1923 to win New York's governorship, after Thomas E. Dewey and Nelson Rockefeller. Pataki's most notable achievements as governor included the creation of a number of new health care programs, presiding over recovery efforts following the September 11 attacks, and for increasing the state's credit rating three times. He chose not to run for a fourth term in 2006; he was succeeded by Democrat Eliot Spitzer. Pataki announced his candidacy for the Republican Party presidential nominatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gender Expression Non-Discrimination Act
The Gender Expression Non-Discrimination Act (GENDA) is a 2019 New York law which added gender identity and gender expression to the state's human rights and hate crimes laws as protected classes; banned discrimination in employment, housing, and public accommodations based on gender identity and gender expression; and provided enhanced penalties for bias-motivated crimes. GENDA was first introduced in 2003. The bill passed the New York State Assembly every year from 2008 to 2019, but did not receive a floor vote in the New York State Senate until January 2019. It was passed by each house of the New York State Legislature on January 15, 2019, and New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo signed it into law on January 25, 2019. History GENDA was first introduced in 2003. The New York State Assembly passed the bill every year from 2008 to 2019. On June 8, 2010, GENDA was defeated in the Senate Judiciary Committee. On April 25, 2017, GENDA was defeated by a 3-6 vote in the Senate Committee on Inve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New York City Gay Rights Bill Of 1986
The ''New York City Gay Rights Bill'' was an anti-discrimination bill passed on March 20, 1986, in a New York City Council vote of 21–14 as Local Law 2 of 1986. The purpose of the bill was to provide protections from discrimination to New York City's LGBTQ+ population in three main areas: housing, employment and public accommodations. If violated, punishment included up to $500 in fines and up to one year in jail. The bill had a long legislative history, dating back to 1971 as Intro 475. It took fifteen years before the final version of the bill was passed, and this was due to opposition from many sides such as city council members, religious organizations, and labor unions. Even though New York City at the time had the largest homosexual population in the United States, it became the 51st city in the country to pass and enact anti-discrimination legislation. Legislative History The initial measure of the bill was first introduced by New York City Council Minority Leader Eldon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Equality Act (United States)
The Equality Act is a bill in the United States Congress, that, if passed, would amend the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (including titles II, III, IV, VI, VII, and IX) to prohibit discrimination on the basis of sex, sexual orientation and gender identity in employment, housing, public accommodations, education, federally funded programs, credit, and jury service. The Supreme Court's June 2020 ruling in ''Bostock v. Clayton County, Georgia'' protects gay and transgender people in matters of employment, but not in other respects. The ''Bostock'' ruling also covered the '' Altitude Express'' and '' Harris Funeral Homes'' cases. The bill would also expand existing civil rights protections for people of color by prohibiting discrimination in more public accommodations, such as exhibitions, goods and services, and transportation. Much like the ''Bostock v. Clayton County'' decision, the Equality Act broadly defines sex discrimination to include sexual orientation and gender identity ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Employment Non-Discrimination Act
The Employment Non-Discrimination Act (ENDA) is legislation proposed in the United States Congress that would prohibit discrimination in hiring and employment on the basis of sexual orientation or, depending on the version of the bill, gender identity, by employers with at least 15 employees. ENDA has been introduced in every Congress since 1994 except the 109th. Similar legislation has been introduced without passage since 1974. The bill gained its best chance at passing after the Democratic Party gained the majority after twelve years of Republican majorities in the 2006 midterm elections. In 2007, gender identity protections were added to the legislation for the first time. Some sponsors believed that even with a Democratic majority, ENDA did not have enough votes to pass the House of Representatives with transgender inclusion and dropped it from the bill, which passed the House and then died in the Senate. President George W. Bush threatened to veto the measure. LGBT advoc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New York Human Rights Law
The New York Human Rights Law (NYHRL) is article 15 of the Executive Law (which is itself chapter 18 of the Consolidated Laws of New York) which prohibits discrimination on the basis of "age, race, creed, color, national origin, sexual orientation, military status, sex, marital status or disability" in employment, housing, education, credit, and access to public accommodations The law was originally passed in 1945 as the Law Against Discrimination, and was the first of its kind in the United States. It is enforced by the New York State Division of Human Rights. The Sexual Orientation Non-Discrimination Act passed in 2002 added "sexual orientation"; the Gender Expression Non-Discrimination Act is a bill that passed the New York state legislature in January 2019, to explicitly add "gender identity or expression". See also * New York City Human Rights Law * LGBT rights in New York * Law of New York Law is a set of rules that are created and are enforceable by social or govern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New York (state) Statutes
New York most commonly refers to: * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States New York may also refer to: Film and television * ''New York'' (1916 film), a lost American silent comedy drama by George Fitzmaurice * ''New York'' (1927 film), an American silent drama by Luther Reed * ''New York'' (2009 film), a Bollywood film by Kabir Khan * '' New York: A Documentary Film'', a film by Ric Burns * "New York" (''Glee''), an episode of ''Glee'' Literature * ''New York'' (Burgess book), a 1976 work of travel and observation by Anthony Burgess * ''New York'' (Morand book), a 1930 travel book by Paul Morand * ''New York'' (novel), a 2009 historical novel by Edward Rutherfurd * ''New York'' (magazine), a bi-weekly magazine founded in 1968 Music * ''New York EP'', a 2012 EP by Angel Haze ** "New York" (Angel Haze song) * ''New York'' (album), a 1989 album by Lou Reed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LGBT Rights In New York (state)
The U.S. state of New York has generally been seen as socially liberal in regard to lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) rights. LGBT travel guide ''Queer in the World'' states, "The fabulosity of Gay New York is unrivaled on Earth, and queer culture seeps into every corner of its five boroughs". The advocacy movement for LGBT rights in the state has been dated as far back as 1969 during the Stonewall riots in New York City. Same-sex sexual activity between consenting adults has been legal since the '' New York v. Onofre'' case in 1980. Same-sex marriage has been legal statewide since 2011, with some cities recognizing domestic partnerships between same-sex couples since 1998. Discrimination protections in credit, housing, employment, education, and public accommodation have explicitly included sexual orientation since 2003 and gender identity or expression since 2019. Transgender people in the state legally do not have to undergo sex reassignment surgery to change the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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