|
Settleability Volume Index
Sludge Volume Index (SVI) is a process control parameter used to describe the settling characteristics of sludge in the aeration tank of an activated sludge process. It was introduced by Mohlman in 1934 and has become one of the standard measures of the physical characteristics of activated sludge processes. The SVI is often used to assess if process performance issues are related to the proliferation of problematic filamentous organisms that cause poor settling in secondary clarification processes. It is defined as 'the volume (in mL) occupied by 1 gram of activated sludge after settling the aerated liquid for 30 minutes'{{cite web, title=SLUDGE VOLUME INDEX (SVI), url=http://www.aquanova.cz/sludge_volume_index.htm, accessdate=19 November 2016 and can be calculated as follows: ::SVI (mL/g) = settled sludge volume (mL/L)/mixed liquor suspended solids(MLSS)(mg/L) * 1000 (mg/g) The sludge is often too thick and has to be diluted with clarified secondary effluent before analyzing th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Process Control
An industrial process control in continuous production processes is a discipline that uses industrial control systems to achieve a production level of consistency, economy and safety which could not be achieved purely by human manual control. It is implemented widely in industries such as automotive, mining, dredging, oil refining, pulp and paper manufacturing, chemical processing and power generating plants. There is a wide range of size, type and complexity, but it enables a small number of operators to manage complex processes to a high degree of consistency. The development of large industrial process control systems was instrumental in enabling the design of large high volume and complex processes, which could not be otherwise economically or safely operated. The applications can range from controlling the temperature and level of a single process vessel, to a complete chemical processing plant with several thousand control loops. History Early process control breakthrou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sludge
Sludge is a semi-solid slurry that can be produced from a range of industrial processes, from water treatment, wastewater treatment or on-site sanitation systems. For example, it can be produced as a settled suspension obtained from conventional drinking water treatment, as sewage sludge from wastewater treatment processes or as fecal sludge from pit latrines and septic tanks. The term is also sometimes used as a generic term for solids separated from suspension in a liquid; this 'soupy' material usually contains significant quantities of 'interstitial' water (between the solid particles). Sludge can consist of a variety of particles, such as animal manure. Industrial wastewater treatment plants produce solids that are also referred to as sludge. This can be generated from biological or physical-chemical processes. In the activated sludge process for wastewater treatment, the terms "waste activated sludge" and "return activated sludge" are used. In food processing and bevera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
