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Senate Reserve
The Senate Reserve (german: Senatsreserve) was a stockpile of food and other necessities which the Senate of West Berlin was required to maintain in case of another Berlin Blockade. It was dissolved after German reunification. History After the Berlin Blockade of 1948/49 and the Berlin Airlift to keep the inhabitants of the western sector supplied, the three Western Allied commanders-in-chief required the Senate of Berlin, which governed under their authority, to establish stockpiles of staple foodstuffs, medication, coal, fuel, industrial raw materials and other daily necessities.Elmar Schütze and Marlies Emmerich"Die Senatsreserve-Lager sind leer: Eine Stück streng geheimgehaltener Nachkriegsgeschichte ist beendet"(The Senate Reserve storehouses are empty: A piece of post-war history which was kept strictly secret has ended), ''Berliner Zeitung'' 12 August 1994. The intent was that in case of another blockade, "normal" life could be maintained in West Berlin for at least 180 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Senate Of Berlin
The Senate of Berlin (german: Berliner Senat) is the executive body governing the city of Berlin, which at the same time is a States of Germany, state of Germany. According to the the Senate consists of the Governing Mayor of Berlin and up to ten senators appointed by the governing mayor, two of whom are appointed (deputy) mayors. The Senate#Alternative meanings, Senate meets weekly at the (Red Town Hall).Virtueller Rundgang: 7. Senatssitzungssaal Berlin.de History The Margraviate of Brandenburg, Brandenburg municipalities of Alt-Berlin and Cölln had received German town law, town privileges in the 13th century and from 1307 on shared a common administration, but were divided after the elector subjected the city (following the idea of divide and rule) and mad ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ration Stamp
A ration stamp, ration coupon or ration card is a stamp or card issued by a government to allow the holder to obtain food or other commodities that are in short supply during wartime or in other emergency situations when rationing is in force. Ration stamps were widely used during World War II by both sides after hostilities caused interruption to the normal supply of goods. They were also used after the end of the war while the economies of the belligerents gradually returned to normal. Ration stamps were also used to help maintain the amount of food one could hold at a time. This was so that one person would not have more food than another. India Rationing has been present in India since World War II. A ration card allows households to purchase highly subsidised food grain, sugar and kerosene from their local Public distribution system (PDS) shop. There are two types of ration cards: * Priority ration cards (replaced the erstwhile above poverty line and below poverty lin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anhalter Station
The Anhalter Bahnhof is a former railway terminus in Berlin, Germany, approximately southeast of Potsdamer Platz. Once one of Berlin's most important railway stations, it was severely damaged in World War II, and finally closed for traffic in 1952, when the GDR-owned ''Deutsche Reichsbahn'' rerouted all railway traffic between Berlin and places in the GDR avoiding the West Berlin area. The station's name lives on in the Berlin S-Bahn station of the same name, opened in October 1939 as part of the ''North-South S-Bahn link''. Construction Work to build the Anhalter Bahnhof began on 15 April 1839. As the Berlin terminus, of what become known as the Anhalt Railway, it opened on 1 July 1841 as far as Jüterbog (the inaugural train being hauled by the very first Borsig locomotive), and extended to Dessau, Köthen and beyond at later dates. It became known as the "Anhalt line" because it ran through the historical state of Anhalt, which in turn gave the new Berlin terminus its n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tempelhof Airport
Berlin Tempelhof Airport (german: Flughafen Berlin-Tempelhof) was one of the first airports in Berlin, Germany. Situated in the south-central Berlin borough of Tempelhof-Schöneberg, the airport ceased operating in 2008 amid controversy, leaving Tegel and Schönefeld as the two main airports serving the city for another twelve years until both were replaced by Berlin Brandenburg Airport in 2020. Tempelhof was designated as an airport by the Reich Ministry of Transport on 8 October 1923. The old terminal was originally constructed in 1927. In anticipation of increasing air traffic, the Nazi government began an enormous reconstruction in the mid-1930s. While it was occasionally cited as the world's oldest operating commercial airport, the title was disputed by several other airports, and is no longer an issue since its closure. Tempelhof was one of Europe's three iconic pre-World War II airports, the others being London's now defunct Croydon Airport and the old Paris–Le Bour ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lübars
Lübars () is a German locality (''Ortsteil'') within the borough (''Bezirk'') of Reinickendorf, Berlin. History First mentioned in 1247, it was an autonomous municipality merged into Berlin in 1920 with the " Greater Berlin Act". As a part of West Berlin bordering East Germany, Lübars was crossed, from 1961 to 1989, by the Berlin Wall, built beyond the Tegeler Creek (''Tegeler Fließ''). Famous was the " Checkpoint Qualitz", a point of the wall named after Helmut Qualitz, a farmer from Lübars, who broke it on 16 June 1990 with his tractor. Geography Overview Situated in the north of Berlin and partially included in the area of Barnim Nature Park, Lübars includes the small lakes of Ziegeleisee, Klötzbecken and part of Hermsdorfer See. The ''Tegeler Fließ'' separates Lübars from the Brandenburger municipalities, both in Oberhavel district, of Glienicke/Nordbahn and Mühlenbecker Land (with its municipal seat of Schildow). The Berliner bordering localities are Hermsdorf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berlin-Reinickendorf
Reinickendorf () is a locality () of Berlin in the borough () of Reinickendorf. It had a population of 83,972 in 2020. Geography The locality is situated in the south-western side of its district. It borders the localities of Tegel in the west, Wittenau and Borsigwalde in the north. To the east are Wilhelmsruh, Niederschönhausen and Pankow, all three in the Pankow borough, to the south Gesundbrunnen and Wedding, both in the borough of Mitte. History The name of the former Reinickendorf village can be traced back to a peasant ''Reinhardt'' (''Reineke'' in Low German), who settled here around 1230. The locality was first mentioned in a 1345 deed and acquired by the City of Berlin in 1397. The late 19th century saw a significant increase in population, when Reinickendorf received direct access to Berlin with the opening of the ''Nordbahn'' railway line to Neustrelitz in 1877. Reinickendorf was incorporated into the City of Berlin by the 1920 Greater Berlin Act. In 1928, architec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charlottenburg-Nord
Charlottenburg-Nord (, literally "Charlottenburg North") is a locality (''Ortsteil'') in the northern part of the Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf borough of Berlin, Germany. It is chiefly composed of after-war housing estates, allotment gardens and commercial zones. The locality comprises the ''Großsiedlung Siemensstadt'', part of the Berlin Modernism Housing Estates UNESCO World Heritage Site, as well as Plötzensee Prison. Geography Charlottenburg-Nord is situated in the western suburbs of Berlin, beyond the Ringbahn line of the Berlin S-Bahn. In the north the Berlin-Spandau Ship Canal forms the border with Reinickendorf and Tegel, a bridge leading right to the southern entrance of former Berlin Tegel Airport. It further borders with Siemensstadt (part of the Spandau borough) in the west. In the east and south the Berlin-Spandau Ship Canal and the Westhafen Canal mark the border with the inner city localities of Wedding and Moabit (both part of the Mitte borough) and Charlottenburg. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Socialist Motor Corps
The National Socialist Motor Corps (german: Nationalsozialistisches Kraftfahrkorps, NSKK) was a paramilitary organization of the Nazi Party (NSDAP) that officially existed from May 1931 to 1945. The group was a successor organisation to the older National Socialist Automobile Corps (german: Nationalsozialistisches Automobilkorps, NSAK), which had existed since April 1930. The NSKK served as a training organization, mainly instructing members in the operation and maintenance of high-performance motorcycles and automobiles. The NSKK was further used to transport NSDAP and SA members, and also served as a roadside assistance group in the mid-1930s. The outbreak of World War II in Europe led to recruitment among NSKK ranks to serve in the transport corps of various German military branches. A French section of the NSKK was also organised after the German occupation of France began in 1940. The NSKK was the smallest of the Nazi Party organizations. History The National Socialist M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albert Speer
Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer (; ; 19 March 1905 – 1 September 1981) was a German architect who served as the Minister of Armaments and War Production in Nazi Germany during most of World War II. A close ally of Adolf Hitler, he was convicted at the Nuremberg trials and sentenced to 20 years in prison. An architect by training, Speer joined the Nazi Party in 1931. His architectural skills made him increasingly prominent within the Party, and he became a member of Hitler's inner circle. Hitler commissioned him to design and construct structures including the Reich Chancellery and the Nazi party rally grounds in Nuremberg. In 1937, Hitler appointed Speer as General Building Inspector for Berlin. In this capacity he was responsible for the Central Department for Resettlement that evicted Jewish tenants from their homes in Berlin. In February 1942, Speer was appointed as Reich Minister of Armaments and War Production. Using misleading statistics, he promoted himsel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gasometer
A gas holder or gasholder, also known as a gasometer, is a large container in which natural gas or town gas is stored near atmospheric pressure at ambient temperatures. The volume of the container follows the quantity of stored gas, with pressure coming from the weight of a movable cap. Typical volumes for large gas holders are about , with diameter structures. Gas holders now tend to be used for balancing purposes to ensure that gas pipes can be operated within a safe range of pressures, rather than for actually storing gas for later use. Etymology Antoine Lavoisier devised the first gas holder, which he called a ''gazomètre'', to assist his work in pneumatic chemistry. It enabled him to weigh the gas in a pneumatic trough with the precision he required. He published his ''Traité Élémentaire de Chimie'' in 1789. James Watt Junior collaborated with Thomas Beddoes in constructing the pneumatic apparatus, a shortlived piece of medical equipment that incorporated a ''gaz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fichte-Bunker
The Fichte-Bunker is a nineteenth-century Gas holder, gasometer in the Kreuzberg district of Berlin, Germany that was made into an air-raid shelter in World War II and subsequently was used as a shelter for the homeless and for refugees, in particular for those fleeing East Berlin for the West. It is the last remaining brick gasometer in Berlin. The Fichte-Bunker is located between Fichtestraße and Körtestraße in an area of ''Jugendstil'' apartment houses, many of which are now under Historic preservation, historic protection. The gasometer itself is protected,Denkmale in Berlin - 09031136 Senatsverwaltung für Stadtentwicklung Berlin, 25 March 2008 (German - Monuments in Berlin). but in September 2006 the State of Berlin's Real Property F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berlin-Lichterfelde
Lichterfelde () is a locality in the borough of Steglitz-Zehlendorf in Berlin, Germany. Until 2001 it was part of the former borough of Steglitz, along with Steglitz and Lankwitz. Lichterfelde is home to institutions like the Berlin Botanical Garden and Museum, the German Federal Intelligence Service (BND), the German Federal Archives and the Charité university hospital's ''Benjamin Franklin Campus''. Many embassies and landmark-protected buildings are located in the affluent mansion settlement in Lichterfelde West. History The Prussian village ' was founded in the 13th century by Flemish settlers. It witnessed considerable growth in the 19th century when the two "villa colonies" of and were founded: two elegant settlements for wealthy Berliners consisting completely of villas or mansions. The settlements and the historical villages of ' and ' were united in 1880 under the name ' (Greater Lichterfelde). Lichterfelde was chosen as the seat of the Prussian Main Military academy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
