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Selim I
Selim I ( ota, سليم الأول; tr, I. Selim; 10 October 1470 – 22 September 1520), known as Selim the Grim or Selim the Resolute ( tr, links=no, Yavuz Sultan Selim), was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1512 to 1520. Despite lasting only eight years, his reign is notable for the enormous expansion of the Empire, particularly his conquest between 1516 and 1517 of the entire Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt, which included all of the Levant, Hejaz, Tihamah and Egypt itself. On the eve of his death in 1520, the Ottoman Empire spanned about , having grown by seventy percent during Selim's reign. Selim's conquest of the Middle Eastern heartlands of the Muslim world, and particularly his assumption of the role of guardian of the pilgrimage routes to Mecca and Medina, established the Ottoman Empire as the pre-eminent Muslim state. His conquests dramatically shifted the empire's geographical and cultural center of gravity away from the Balkans and toward the Middle East. By t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) // CITED: p. 36 (PDF p. 38/338) also known as the Turkish Empire, was an empire that controlled much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia, and Northern Africa between the 14th and early 20th centuries. It was founded at the end of the 13th century in northwestern Anatolia in the town of Söğüt (modern-day Bilecik Province) by the Turkoman tribal leader Osman I. After 1354, the Ottomans crossed into Europe and, with the conquest of the Balkans, the Ottoman beylik was transformed into a transcontinental empire. The Ottomans ended the Byzantine Empire with the conquest of Constantinople in 1453 by Mehmed the Conqueror. Under the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent, the Ottoman Empire marked the peak of its power and prosperity, as well a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Custodian Of The Two Holy Mosques
Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques (abbreviation ''CTHM''; ar, خَادِمُ ٱلْحَرَمَيْنِ ٱلشَّرِيفَيْنِ, '), Servant of the Two Noble Sanctuaries or Protector of the Two Holy Cities, is a royal style that has been used by many Muslim rulers, including the Ayyubids, the Mamluk sultans of Egypt, the Ottoman sultans, Kings of Hejaz and in the modern age, Saudi Arabian kings. The title was sometimes regarded to denote the ''de facto'' Caliph of Islam, but it mainly refers to the ruler taking the responsibility of guarding and maintaining the two holiest mosques in Islam: Al-Haram Mosque ( ar, اَلْمَسْجِدُ ٱلْحَرَامُ, Al-Masjid al-Ḥarām, links=no, "The Sacred Mosque") in Mecca and the Prophet's Mosque ( ar, اَلْمَسْجِدُ ٱلنَّبَوِيُّ, Al-Masjid an-Nabawī, links=no) in Medina, both of which are in the Hejazi region of Saudi Arabia. History It is believed that the first person to use the title was Salad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ayşe Hatun (wife Of Selim I)
Ayşe Hatun (1476–1539) was a daughter of Meñli I Giray and an (alleged) consort of Selim I. Biography Ayşe Hatun was married firstly in 1504 to Selim's brother Şehzade Mehmed, Sancak Bey of Kefe, son of Ferahşad Hatun and became widow by his death in 1507. Her marriage was one of only two examples of marriages between the Ottoman dynasty and the Giray dynasty; the other one was between Selim's daughter to Saadet I Giray. After her first husband's death, the Crimean princess entered in 1511 the harem of her husband's brother, the future Sultan Selim I (1513–20), when he was the governor of Amasya, thus securing for him, in the person of her powerful father, a valuable ally in the prince's struggle for the throne.Maryna Kravets, ''From Nomad's Tent to Garden Palace: Evolution of a Chinggisid Household in the Crimea'' in Gillian Long, Uradyn Erden Bulag , Michael Gervers (ed.) ''History and society in central and inner Asia: papers presented at the Central and Inner Asia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Campaign Of Trabzon (1505)
The Campaign of Trabzon occurred in the year 1505 when Selim I fought against the Safavids after Shah Ismail's brother led an attack against Trabzon. Shah Ismail's brother Ebrahim set out with an army composed of 3,000 men to pillage Selim's province. Selim beat back and chased the Safavids with only 450 soldiers as far as Erzincan; he massacred many of them and seized their arms and munitions. Selim then sent a separate force to raid the western territories of the Safavids. After the battle of 1505, Shah Ismail sent an envoy to Bayezid II complaining about Selim's over-aggressive raids and demanding the return of his captured soldiers' weapons. Bayezid did not return the weapons but he did send the envoy back with gifts and promises of friendship. Selim fought against the Safavids again in 1507 and in 1510 Year 1510 ( MDX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–June * January – ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trabzon
Trabzon (; Ancient Greek: Tραπεζοῦς (''Trapezous''), Ophitic Pontic Greek: Τραπεζούντα (''Trapezounta''); Georgian: ტრაპიზონი (''Trapizoni'')), historically known as Trebizond in English, is a city on the Black Sea coast of northeastern Turkey and the capital of Trabzon Province. Trabzon, located on the historical Silk Road, became a melting pot of religions, languages and culture for centuries and a trade gateway to Persia in the southeast and the Caucasus to the northeast. The Venetian and Genoese merchants paid visits to Trabzon during the medieval period and sold silk, linen and woolen fabric. Both republics had merchant colonies within the city – Leonkastron and the former "Venetian castle" – that played a role to Trabzon similar to the one Galata played to Constantinople (modern Istanbul). Trabzon formed the basis of several states in its long history and was the capital city of the Empire of Trebizond between 1204 and 1461. Durin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sunni Islam
Sunni Islam () is the largest branch of Islam, followed by 85–90% of the world's Muslims. Its name comes from the word '' Sunnah'', referring to the tradition of Muhammad. The differences between Sunni and Shia Muslims arose from a disagreement over the succession to Muhammad and subsequently acquired broader political significance, as well as theological and juridical dimensions. According to Sunni traditions, Muhammad left no successor and the participants of the Saqifah event appointed Abu Bakr as the next-in-line (the first caliph). This contrasts with the Shia view, which holds that Muhammad appointed his son-in-law and cousin Ali ibn Abi Talib as his successor. The adherents of Sunni Islam are referred to in Arabic as ("the people of the Sunnah and the community") or for short. In English, its doctrines and practices are sometimes called ''Sunnism'', while adherents are known as Sunni Muslims, Sunnis, Sunnites and Ahlus Sunnah. Sunni Islam is sometimes referred ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tughra
A tughra ( ota, طغرا, ṭuġrā) is a calligraphic monogram, seal or signature of a sultan that was affixed to all official documents and correspondence. Inspired by the tamgha, it was also carved on his seal and stamped on the coins minted during his reign. Very elaborate decorated versions were created for important documents that were also works of art in the tradition of Ottoman illumination, such as the example of Suleiman the Magnificent in the gallery below. The tughra was designed at the beginning of the sultan's reign and drawn by the court calligrapher or '' nişancı'' on written documents. The first tughra examples are from the 14th century. Tughras served a purpose similar to the cartouche in ancient Egypt or the Royal Cypher of British monarchs. Every Ottoman sultan had his own individual tughra. Etymology There are two main schools of thought on the origins of the word tughra. The first sees it derived from a Turkic secretarial emblem called ''tughragh'', an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gülbahar Hatun (wife Of Bayezid II)
Gülbahar is a Turkish given name for females and may refer to: *Gülbahar Hatun, consort of Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II, and Valide Sultan as the mother of Sultan Bayezid II *Gülbahar Hatun, consort of Ottoman Sultan Bayezid II and the mother of Sultan Selim I * Mahidevran Gülbahar Hatun, consort of Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent and the mother of Şehzade Mustafa Şehzade Mustafa (Ottoman Turkish: شهزاده مصطفى; 6 August 1515 – 6 October 1553) was an Ottoman prince and the son of Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent and his consort Mahidevran Sultan. He was the prince-governor of Manisa from 1532 .... {{DEFAULTSORT:Gulbahar Turkish feminine given names ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Üveys Pasha
Üveys Pasha (1512–1547) was an Ottoman Prince, son of Selim I (also known as ''the Grim'' or ''the Inflexible''). Background According to the 15th century Ottoman historian Âlî Mustafa Efendi, that Selim had a son born from an unnamed concubine during his early years, who was Üveys Pasha, and that his son Suleiman I was also aware of this. Üveys' mother was a harem girl whose name is not known, but because of her undisciplined manners she was expelled from the harem. In Ottoman tradition, such girls were matched to a bey or to a well-to-do man. However, in her case she was already pregnant and Selim's son was born to a stepfather. Professional life Selim looked after his son and Üveys soon became a high-ranking bureaucrat of the empire. However, when Selim died in 1520, Üveys laid no claim to throne because of Ottoman tradition which states that princes born to a stepfather have no right to ascend to throne. (This principle was similar to Byzantine tradition of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Şah Sultan (daughter Of Selim I)
Şah Sultan ( ota, شاه سلطان 1507 – 1572) was an Ottoman princess, daughter of Sultan Selim I and Ayşe Hatun, and sister of Suleiman the Magnificent. She was a prominent figure during her brother's reign. Biography She was raised in Manisa and married in 1523 to the future Grand Vizier and sufic Lütfi Pasha. Her spouse became Grand Vizier in 1539, she wielded a great power in Istanbul. The couple had a daughter named Esmihan Sultan. In 1541, she divorced her spouse, who was also deposed from his position. The divorce took place on her initiative, allegedly because of her husband's punishment of a woman for adultery. Lütfi Pasha ordered the cutting of an extremity of an adultress and this led to a dispute between the Pasha and Şah Sultan. As the argument got heated, Lütfi Pasha gave Şah Sultan a beating. Following the incident, Şah Sultan got the Pasha beaten by her servants and complained to her brother, Sultan Suleiman, and requested a divorce. This led ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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