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Security Forces Headquarters – Jaffna
Security Forces Headquarters – Jaffna (SFHQ-J) is a regional command of the Sri Lanka Army, that is responsible for the operational deployment and command all army units stationed in and around the Jaffna Peninsula in the Northern Province. It is the most senior of the five Security Forces Headquarters and the General Officer Commanding it is one of the most senior officers in the army, the post is designated as Commander Security Forces Headquarters – Jaffna. The current Commander SFHQ-J is Major Generalbr>Ruwan Wanigasooriya The SFHQ-J is based at the Palaly Military Base. At the height of the Sri Lankan Civil War, SFHQ-J included several divisions and the independent brigades. At certain times, SFHQ-J would be under the command of an Overall Operational Commander. Area of responsibility includes Jaffna District. History The first permanent formation to be established in the Jaffna Peninsula since Ceylon gained its independence from the British in 1948 was the head ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sri Lanka Army
The Sri Lanka Army (; ) is the oldest and largest of the Sri Lanka Armed Forces. The army was officially established as the Ceylon Army in 1949, though the army traces its roots back in 1881 when Ceylon Light Infantry Volunteers was created; the army was renamed as the 'Sri Lanka Army' when Sri Lanka became a republic in 1972. In 2024, the Army had approximately 150,000 personnel.The Military Balance 2024, p. 313 The Army Headquarters is situated in Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte; Commander of the Army is the highest appointment in the army who commands the army and is assisted by the Chief of Staff of the Army and Deputy Chief of Staff of the Army. The Commander-in-Chief of the Sri Lanka Armed Forces is the President of Sri Lanka, who heads the National Security Council through the Ministry of Defence, which is charged with formulating, executing defence policy and procurements for the armed forces. Background Pre Anuradhapura period to the Transitional period Repeated i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian Tamils Of Sri Lanka
Indian Tamils of Sri Lanka are Tamils, Tamil people of Indian origin in Sri Lanka. They are also known as Malayaga Tamilar, Hill Country Tamils, Up-Country Tamils or simply Indian Tamils. They predominantly descend from workers sent during the British Raj from South India, Southern India to Sri Lanka in the 19th and 20th centuries to work in coffee, tea and rubber plantations. Some also migrated on their own as merchants and as other service providers. These Tamil language, Tamil speakers mostly live in the central highlands, also known as the Malayakam or Hill Country, yet others are also found in major urban areas and in the Northern Province, Sri Lanka, Northern Province. Although they are all termed as Tamils today, some have Telugu people, Telugu and Malayalee origins as well as diverse South Indian caste origins. They are instrumental in the plantation sector economy of Sri Lanka. In general, socio-economically their standard of living is below that of the national average a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cecil Waidyaratne
General (Sri Lanka), General L. D. E. Cecil Waidyaratne, Vishista Seva Vibhushanaya, VSV, Uttama Seva Padakkama, USP (16 May 1938 – 18 December 2001) was a Sri Lanka Army general. He was 12th Commander of the Army (Sri Lanka), Commander of the Sri Lankan Army and a former Sri Lankan Ambassador to Thailand. Education Educated at St. Benedict's College, Colombo, where he played for the college cricket team. Military career Early career Waidyaratne joined the Ceylon Army on 26 June 1959, as a cadet officer and received his officer training at the Royal Military Academy, Sandhurst. On 28 July 1961, he was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the 1st Reconnaissance Regiment, Ceylon Armoured Corps. He served with the 1st Reconnaissance Regiment during the 1971 JVP insurrection and in 1973, he attended the Defence Services Staff College in Wellington Cantonment, Wellington gaining his psc (British Army), psc qualification. Field command On January 1, 1980, he was promoted to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ariyasinghe Ariyapperuma
Brigadier Ariyaratne "Ariya" Ariyapperuma, psc, GW was a Sri Lankan Army officer, who was the Commander of the Sri Lanka Army Northern Command. Ariyapperuma joined the army in the first batch of cadet officers to undergo training at the newly established Army Training Centre and was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the 1st Battalion of the Sri Lanka Sinha Regiment in 1958. In 1962, now Captain Ariyapperuma was transferred to the 1st Gemunu Watch. Having attended Staff College, Camberley, he served as the Commanding Officer of the 1st Gemunu Watch from December 1977 to January 1980 with rank of lieutenant colonel. In 1983, as a colonel he was serving as Commander (Operations), Colombo when the Black July riots broke out in the city and surroundings. In September 1983, he took over as Commander, Northern Command in the Jaffna Peninsula The Jaffna Peninsula (, or ) is a region in the Northern Province of Sri Lanka. It is home to the capital city of the province ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elephant Pass
Elephant Pass (; ) is a region located at the gateway of the Jaffna Peninsula in the Northern Province, Sri Lanka. It lies about 340 km north of the capital. It has an important military base and used to be the island's largest salt field. It was regularly the site of battles during the Sri Lankan civil war. Strategic importance Elephant Pass controls access to the Jaffna Peninsula, therefore it is referred to as the ''Gateway to Jaffna''. It is very crucial as it is on the isthmus connecting the peninsula to the Sri Lankan mainland, and to territory in the Southern Jaffna peninsula. Elephant Pass connects the militarily significant town of Chavakacheri in the Jaffna peninsula to the Sri Lankan mainland. History Elephant Pass is described by Indian author Kalki Krishnamurthy in his Tamil language novel Ponniyin Selvan. Elephant Pass has been a strategic military base since 1760, when the Portuguese built a fort in the area, which was later rebuilt and garrisoned by th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
55 Division (Sri Lanka)
The 55 Division is an elite division of the Sri Lanka Army. A principal offensive division it is currently deployed for combat operations in the Jaffna Peninsula The Jaffna Peninsula (, or ) is a region in the Northern Province of Sri Lanka. It is home to the capital city of the province, Jaffna, and comprises much of the former land mass of the medieval Jaffna Kingdom. The peninsula was historically ... and is under the command of Security Forces Headquarters - Jaffna. Current formation *55-1 Brigade *55-2 Brigade *55-3 Brigade Sri Lankan Civil War Towns captured by 55 Division References {{DEFAULTSORT:55 Division Sri Lanka Army divisions ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
52 Division (Sri Lanka)
The 52 Division is a division of the Sri Lanka Army. Established on 24 August 1995, the division is currently based in Mirusuvil in the Northern Province. The division is a part of Security Forces Headquarters – Jaffna Security Forces Headquarters – Jaffna (SFHQ-J) is a regional command of the Sri Lanka Army, that is responsible for the operational deployment and command all army units stationed in and around the Jaffna Peninsula in the Northern Province. I .... References 1995 establishments in Sri Lanka Military units and formations established in 1995 Organisations based in Northern Province, Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Army divisions {{SriLanka-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jaffna
Jaffna (, ; , ) is the capital city of the Northern Province, Sri Lanka, Northern Province of Sri Lanka. It is the administrative headquarters of the Jaffna District located on a Jaffna Peninsula, peninsula of the same name. With a population of 88,138 in 2012, Jaffna is Sri Lanka's 12th List of cities in Sri Lanka, most populous city. Jaffna is approximately from Kandarodai which served as an Marketplace, emporium in the Jaffna peninsula from classical antiquity. Jaffna's suburb Nallur, Jaffna, Nallur served as the capital of the four-century-long medieval Tamil Jaffna Kingdom. Prior to the Sri Lankan civil war, Sri Lankan Civil War, it was Sri Lanka's second most populous city after Colombo. The 1980s insurgent uprising led to extensive damage, expulsion of part of the population, and military occupation. Since the end of civil war in 2009, refugees and internally displaced people began returning to homes, while government and private sector reconstruction started taking plac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
51 Division (Sri Lanka)
The 51 Division is a division of the Sri Lanka Army. Established on 24 August 1995, the division is currently based in Kopay in the Northern Province. The division is a part of Security Forces Headquarters – Jaffna Security Forces Headquarters – Jaffna (SFHQ-J) is a regional command of the Sri Lanka Army, that is responsible for the operational deployment and command all army units stationed in and around the Jaffna Peninsula in the Northern Province. I .... References 1995 establishments in Sri Lanka Military units and formations established in 1995 Organisations based in Northern Province, Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Army divisions {{SriLanka-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Rank
Military ranks is a system of hierarchy, hierarchical relationships within armed forces, police, Intelligence agency, intelligence agencies, paramilitary groups, and other institutions organized along military organisation , military lines, such as youth groups, chivalric orders, religious orders, and certain civilian organizations. Responsibility (other) , Responsibility for personnel, equipment and missions grows as each member of the organization advances in rank. The system of military ranks defines dominance, authority, and Professional responsibility, responsibility within a military hierarchy. It incorporates the principles of exercising Power (social and political), power and authority into the military Command hierarchy, chain of command—the succession of commanders superior to subordinates through which command is exercised. The military chain of command is an important component for organized collective action. Military uniform , Uniforms denote the bearer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kilinochchi
Kilinochchi (; ) is the main town of Kilinochchi District, Northern Province of Sri Lanka. Kilinochchi is situated at the A9 road some south-east of Jaffna. It was the administrative center and de facto capital of the LTTE (Tamil Tigers) until 2 January 2009, when troops of the Sri Lankan Army recaptured the city. History Creation (1936) The Kilinochchi town was established in 1936 as part of a colonization project that sought to ease overpopulation and unemployment in Jaffna. Kilinochchi is still part of the Jaffna electoral division and it was separated from the Jaffna District in the 1980s as a new district. Most of the people living in this district are farmers and related to agricultural work. Most of the people migrated from Jaffna in the 1930s to acquire government grants for land in the region and to engage in paddy (rice) cultivation. During the 1970s, a large number of immigrants from the hill country, predominantly Indian Tamils, settled in the town. Much of the p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Origins Of The Sri Lankan Civil War
The origins of the Sri Lankan civil war lie in the continuous political rancor between the majority Sinhalese and the minority Sri Lankan Tamils. The war has been described by social anthropologist Jonathan Spencer as an outcome of how modern ethnic identities have been made and re-made since the colonial period, with the political struggle between minority Tamils and the Sinhalese-dominant government accompanied by rhetorical wars over archeological sites and place name etymologies, and the political use of the national past. Colonial period The roots of the conflict have been traced back to Sri Lanka's colonial era. Some observers claim that British colonial rule used "divide and rule" strategy and its policies exacerbated ethnic tensions. Tamils were overrepresented in the civil service jobs due to the advantage of English language educational resources being allegedly disproportionately allocated to them. However, English language schools were established in the Tamil-maj ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
