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Secondary Carbon
A secondary carbon is a carbon atom bound to two other carbon atoms. For this reason, secondary carbon atoms are found in all hydrocarbons having at least three carbon atoms. In unbranched alkanes, the inner carbon atoms are always secondary carbon atoms (see figure). {, class="wikitable centered" style="text-align: center; font-size: 90%; margin-bottom: 10px;" , - , , style="background-color:#7A91FF" , ''primary'' carbon , style="background-color:#AAC1FF" , ''secondary'' carbon , style="background-color:#7A91FF" , ''tertiary'' carbon , style="background-color:#7A91FF" , ''quaternary'' carbon , - , align="center" style="background-color:#CAE1FF; height:80px; width:20%" , General structure (R = Organyl group) , style="background-color:#BFBFBF" , , style="background-color:#FFFFFF" , , style="background-color:#BFBFBF" , , style="background-color:#BFBFBF" , , - , align="center" style="background-color:#CAE1FF; height:80px; width:20%" , Partial Structur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Propan (Sekundäre Kohlenstoffatome) V1
Propane () is a three-carbon alkane with the molecular formula . It is a gas at standard temperature and pressure, but compressible to a transportable liquid. A by-product of natural gas processing and petroleum refining, it is commonly used as a fuel in domestic and industrial applications and in low-emissions public transportation. Discovered in 1857 by the French chemist Marcellin Berthelot, it became commercially available in the US by 1911. Propane is one of a group of liquefied petroleum gases (LP gases). The others include butane, Propene, propylene, butadiene, Butene, butylene, isobutylene, and mixtures thereof. Propane has lower volumetric energy density, but higher gravimetric energy density and burns more cleanly than gasoline and coal. Propane gas has become a popular choice for barbecues and portable stoves because its low −42 °C boiling point makes it vaporise inside pressurised liquid containers (2 phases). Propane powers buses, forklifts, taxis, outboard boat m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organyl Group
In organic and organometallic chemistry, an organyl group is an organic substituent with one (sometimes more) free valence(-s) at a carbon atom.. The term is often used in chemical patent literature to protect claims over a broad scope. Examples * Acetonyl group * Acyl group (e.g. acetyl group, benzoyl group) * Alkyl group (e.g., methyl group, ethyl group) * Alkenyl group (e.g., vinyl group, allyl group) * Alkynyl group (propargyl group) * Benzyloxycarbonyl group (Cbz) * ''tert'' -butoxycarbonyl group (Boc) * Carboxyl group In organic chemistry, a carboxylic acid is an organic acid that contains a carboxyl group () attached to an R-group. The general formula of a carboxylic acid is or , with R referring to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other group. Carboxylic ... References Functional groups {{organic-chem-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Structural Formula
The structural formula of a chemical compound is a graphic representation of the molecular structure (determined by structural chemistry methods), showing how the atoms are possibly arranged in the real three-dimensional space. The chemical bonding within the molecule is also shown, either explicitly or implicitly. Unlike other chemical formula types, which have a limited number of symbols and are capable of only limited descriptive power, structural formulas provide a more complete geometric representation of the molecular structure. For example, many chemical compounds exist in different isomeric forms, which have different enantiomeric structures but the same molecular formula. There are multiple types of ways to draw these structural formulas such as: Lewis Structures, condensed formulas, skeletal formulas, Newman projections, Cyclohexane conformations, Haworth projections, and Fischer projections. Several systematic chemical naming formats, as in chemical databases, are used ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quaternary Carbon
A quaternary carbon is a carbon atom bound to four other carbon atoms. For this reason, quaternary carbon atoms are found only in hydrocarbons having at least five carbon atoms. Quaternary carbon atoms can occur in branched alkanes, but not in linear alkanes. Synthesis The formation of chiral quaternary carbon centers has been a synthetic challenge. Chemists have developed asymmetric Diels–Alder reactions, Heck reaction, Enyne cyclization, cycloaddition reactions, C–H activation, Allylic substitution, Pauson–Khand reaction, Ishizaki, M.; Niimi, Y.; Hoshino, O.; Hara, H.; Takahashi, T. Tetrahedron In geometry, a tetrahedron (plural: tetrahedra or tetrahedrons), also known as a triangular pyramid, is a polyhedron composed of four triangular faces, six straight edges, and four vertex corners. The tetrahedron is the simplest of all the o ... Volume 2001, Issue 61, Pages 4053–4065 etc. to construct asymmetric quaternary carbon atoms. References Chemical no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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