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Sean Kelly (cyclist)
John James 'Sean' Kelly (born 24 May 1956) is an Irish former professional road bicycle racer, one of the most successful road cyclists of the 1980s, and one of the finest Classics riders of all time. From becoming a professional in 1977 until his retirement in 1994, he won 193 professional races, including nine Monument Classics, Paris–Nice a record seven years consecutively and the first UCI Road World Cup in 1989. Kelly won one Grand Tour, the 1988 Vuelta a España, and four green jerseys in the Tour de France. He achieved multiple victories in the Giro di Lombardia, Milan–San Remo, Paris–Roubaix and Liège–Bastogne–Liège, as well as three runners-up placings in the only Monument he failed to win, the Tour of Flanders. Other victories include the Grand Prix des Nations and stage races, the Critérium International, Tour de Suisse, Tour of the Basque Country and Volta a Catalunya. Kelly twice won bronze medals (1982, 1989) in the Road World Championships Elite ...
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Telegraph
Telegraphy is the long-distance transmission of messages where the sender uses symbolic codes, known to the recipient, rather than a physical exchange of an object bearing the message. Thus flag semaphore is a method of telegraphy, whereas pigeon post is not. Ancient signalling systems, although sometimes quite extensive and sophisticated as in China, were generally not capable of transmitting arbitrary text messages. Possible messages were fixed and predetermined and such systems are thus not true telegraphs. The earliest true telegraph put into widespread use was the optical telegraph of Claude Chappe, invented in the late 18th century. The system was used extensively in France, and European nations occupied by France, during the Napoleonic era. The electric telegraph started to replace the optical telegraph in the mid-19th century. It was first taken up in Britain in the form of the Cooke and Wheatstone telegraph, initially used mostly as an aid to railway signalling. Th ...
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Combination Classification In The Vuelta A España
The combination classification was one of the primary awards in the Vuelta a España cycling stage race. This classification was calculated by adding the numeral ranks of each cyclist in the general, points, and mountains classifications (a rider must have had a score in all classifications possible to qualify for the combination classification), with the lowest cumulative total signifying the leader of this competition. From 2006 to 2018, the leader of the classification wore a white jersey; in 2005 it was a golden-green jersey. The award strongly favoured top riders in the competition. Since its re-introduction in 2002, it was only won by someone other than the race's overall winner four times: in 2002, 2003, 2012, and 2015. On all four of those occasions, the winning cyclist was placed either second or third in the overall classification. The combination classification was discontinued in 2019. Now, the white jersey is worn by the best young rider. The Vuelta was the last maj ...
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Tour Of The Basque Country
The Tour of the Basque Country (Officially: ''Itzulia Basque Country'', es, Vuelta al País Vasco, links=no, eu, Euskal Herriko Itzulia) is an annual road bicycle racing, road cycling stage race held in the Basque Country (autonomous community), Spanish Basque Country in April. It is one of the races that make up the UCI World Tour calendar. As the Basque Country is a mountainous area, there are few flat stages, and thus the event favors those who are strong climbing specialist, climbers. The race is characterized by its short stages, rarely exceeding 200 km, and steep ascents. While the ascents featured in the race aren't particularly high compared to other stage races, they are among the steepest seen in professional cycling, some having sections with Grade (slope), gradients reaching well above 20%. History The original Tour of the Basque Country had a troubled history, with eight editions contested between 1924 and 1935, before the Spanish civil war, civil war seemingly ...
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1990 Tour De Suisse
The 1990 Tour de Suisse was the 54th edition of the Tour de Suisse cycle race and was held from 13 June to 22 June 1990. The race started in Winterthur and finished in Zürich. The race was won by Sean Kelly of the PDM team. General classification References 1990 Tour de Suisse The Tour de Suisse ( en, Tour of Switzerland) is an annual road cycling stage race. Raced over eight days, the event covers two weekends in June, and along with the Critérium du Dauphiné, it is considered a proving ground for the Tour de France ...
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1983 Tour De Suisse
The 1983 Tour de Suisse was the 47th edition of the Tour de Suisse cycle race and was held from 14 June to 24 June 1983. The race started in Seuzach and finished in Zürich. The race was won by Sean Kelly of the Sem–France Loire team. General classification References 1983 Tour de Suisse The Tour de Suisse ( en, Tour of Switzerland) is an annual road cycling stage race. Raced over eight days, the event covers two weekends in June, and along with the Critérium du Dauphiné, it is considered a proving ground for the Tour de France ... 1983 Super Prestige Pernod {{Tour de Suisse-race-stub ...
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Tour De Suisse
The Tour de Suisse ( en, Tour of Switzerland) is an annual road cycling stage race. Raced over eight days, the event covers two weekends in June, and along with the Critérium du Dauphiné, it is considered a proving ground for the Tour de France, which is on the calendar approximately two weeks after the end of the Tour de Suisse. Since 2011 the event is part of the UCI World Tour, cycling's highest level of professional races. History The race was first held in 1933 and has evolved in timing, duration and sponsorship. Like the Tour de France and the Dauphiné, the Tour de Suisse has several stages with significant mountain climbs in the Swiss Alps and at least one individual time trial. Several winners of the Tour de Suisse have also won the Tour de France, including Eddy Merckx and Jan Ullrich. In 2005 the Tour de Suisse was included in the inaugural UCI Pro Tour and organizers moved the race to earlier in June. The first winner of the race was Austrian Max Bulla in the 1933 ...
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1988 Paris–Nice
The 1988 Paris–Nice was the 46th edition of the Paris–Nice cycle race and was held from 6 March to 15 March 1988. The race started in Paris and finished at the Col d'Èze. The race was won by Sean Kelly of the Kas team. Route General classification References 1988 File:1988 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The oil platform Piper Alpha explodes and collapses in the North Sea, killing 165 workers; The USS Vincennes (CG-49) mistakenly shoots down Iran Air Flight 655; Australia celebrates its Bicenten ... 1988 in road cycling 1988 in French sport March 1988 sports events in Europe {{France-cycling-race-stub ...
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1987 Paris–Nice
The 1987 Paris–Nice was the 45th edition of the Paris–Nice cycle race and was held from 3 March to 9 March 1987. The race started in Paris and finished at the Col d'Èze. The race was won by Sean Kelly of the Kas team. Route General classification References 1987 File:1987 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The MS Herald of Free Enterprise capsizes after leaving the Port of Zeebrugge in Belgium, killing 193; Northwest Airlines Flight 255 crashes after takeoff from Detroit Metropolitan Airport, k ... 1987 in road cycling 1987 in French sport March 1987 sports events in Europe 1987 Super Prestige Pernod International {{France-cycling-race-stub ...
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1986 Paris–Nice
The 1986 Paris–Nice was the 44th edition of the Paris–Nice road cycling stage race and was held from 2 March to 9 March 1986. The race started in Paris and finished at the Col d'Èze. The race was won by Sean Kelly of the Kas team. Route General classification References 1986 The year 1986 was designated as the International Year of Peace by the United Nations. Events January * January 1 ** Aruba gains increased autonomy from the Netherlands by separating from the Netherlands Antilles. **Spain and Portugal ente ... 1986 in road cycling 1986 in French sport March 1986 sports events in Europe 1986 Super Prestige Pernod International {{France-cycling-race-stub ...
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1985 Paris–Nice
The 1985 Paris–Nice was the 43rd edition of the Paris–Nice cycle race and was held from 3 March to 10 March 1985. The race started in Nanterre and finished at the Col d'Èze. The race was won by Sean Kelly of the Skil team. Route and stages The race began with a short prologue individual time trial and featured seven road stages, including a team time trial and finishing with a mountain time trial. General classification References 1985 The year 1985 was designated as the International Youth Year by the United Nations. Events January * January 1 ** The Internet's Domain Name System is created. ** Greenland withdraws from the European Economic Community as a result of a ... 1985 in road cycling 1985 in French sport March 1985 sports events in Europe 1985 Super Prestige Pernod International {{France-cycling-race-stub ...
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1984 Paris–Nice
The 1984 Paris–Nice was the 42nd edition of the Paris–Nice cycle race and was held from 7 March to 14 March 1984. The race started in Issy-les-Moulineaux and finished at the Col d'Èze. The race was won by Sean Kelly (cyclist), Sean Kelly of the Skil (cycling team), Skil team. Route General classification References

Paris–Nice, 1984 1984 in road cycling 1984 in French sport March 1984 sports events in Europe 1984 Super Prestige Pernod International {{France-cycling-race-stub ...
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1983 Paris–Nice
The 1983 Paris–Nice was the 41st edition of the Paris–Nice road cycling stage race and was held from 9 March to 16 March 1983. The race started in Issy-les-Moulineaux and finished at the Col d'Èze. The race was won by Sean Kelly of the Sem–France Loire team. Route General classification References 1983 The year 1983 saw both the official beginning of the Internet and the first mobile cellular telephone call. Events January * January 1 – The migration of the ARPANET to Internet protocol suite, TCP/IP is officially completed (this is consid ... 1983 in road cycling 1983 in French sport March 1983 sports events in Europe 1983 Super Prestige Pernod {{France-cycling-race-stub ...
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