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Screen Memory
A screen memory is a distorted memory, generally of a visual rather than verbal nature, deriving from childhood. The term was coined by Sigmund Freud, and the concept was the subject of his 1899 paper "Screen Memories". Childhood origins Freud was struck by the presence, in himself and in other adults, of vivid but bland memories standing from early childhood; and he came to believe that their strength and their preservation both derived from their association with other, less innocent infantile occurrences. As he concluded in his 1899 paper, "the falsified memory is the first that we become aware of: the raw material of memory-traces out of which it was forged remains unknown to us in its original form." Later writers have emphasised the element of psychological trauma underpinning the screen memory, as well as the way it can encapsulate in miniature the core conflicts of childhood. Denial and memory construction The construction of the screen memory turns on the balance betwe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud ( , ; born Sigismund Schlomo Freud; 6 May 1856 – 23 September 1939) was an Austrian neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis, a clinical method for evaluating and treating psychopathology, pathologies explained as originating in conflicts in the Psyche (psychology), psyche, through dialogue between a patient and a psychoanalyst. Freud was born to Galician Jews, Galician Jewish parents in the Moravian town of Příbor, Freiberg, in the Austrian Empire. He qualified as a doctor of medicine in 1881 at the University of Vienna. Upon completing his habilitation in 1885, he was appointed a docent in neuropathology and became an affiliated professor in 1902. Freud lived and worked in Vienna, having set up his clinical practice there in 1886. In 1938, Freud left Austria to escape Nazi persecution. He died in exile in the United Kingdom in 1939. In founding psychoanalysis, Freud developed therapeutic techniques such as the use of free association (psychology), free a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psychological Trauma
Psychological trauma, mental trauma or psychotrauma is an emotional response to a distressing event or series of events, such as accidents, rape, or natural disasters. Reactions such as psychological shock and psychological denial are typical. Longer-term reactions include unpredictable emotions, flashbacks, difficulties with interpersonal relationships and sometimes physical symptoms including headaches or nausea. Trauma is not the same as mental distress or suffering, both of which are universal human experiences. Given that subjective experiences differ between individuals, people will react to similar events differently. In other words, not all people who experience a potentially traumatic event will actually become psychologically traumatized (although they may be distressed and experience suffering). Some people will develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after being exposed to a major traumatic event (or series of events). This discrepancy in risk rate can be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Core Conflictual Relationship Theme
The core conflictual relationship theme, or CCRT, is an analytic tool developed in the late twentieth century by Lester Luborsky, as an aid both to brief psychotherapy in the psychodynamic tradition, and to researching its efficacy. Origins Drawing on the Freudian concept of transference, as refined by Jacob Arlow to cover a specific pattern of object relations theory, relating to people established in early life, as well as upon Michael Balint's focal therapy, with its concern to delimit therapy to the exploration of a key theme, CCRT set out to focus therapy on three aspects of a client's central relationship conflict – their core desire, the response to it they typically elicited from other people (RO), and their reaction in turn to that response (RS). Methods CCRT is generally employed within the context of a time-limited therapy (perhaps involving 16 or 24 sessions). It focuses on examining core patterns of relating, initially using relationship anecdotes to establish them; ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Denial (Freud)
Denial or abnegation (german: Verleugnung, Verneinung) is a psychological defense mechanism postulated by Psychoanalysis, psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud, in which a person is faced with a fact that is too uncomfortable to accept and rejects it instead, insisting that it is not true despite what may be overwhelming evidence. The subject may use: * Denialism, simple denial: deny the reality of the unpleasant fact altogether * minimisation (psychology), minimisation: admit the fact but deny its seriousness (a combination of denial and Rationalization (making excuses), rationalization) * psychological projection, projection: admit both the fact and seriousness but deny Moral responsibility, responsibility by blaming somebody or something else Description The theory of denial was first researched seriously by Anna Freud. She classified denial as a mechanism of the maturity (psychological), immature mind because it conflicts with the ability to learn from and cope with reality. Where de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otto Fenichel
Otto Fenichel (2 December 1897 in Vienna – 22 January 1946 in Los Angeles) was a psychoanalyst of the so-called "second generation". Education and psychoanalytic affiliations Otto Fenichel started studying medicine in 1915 in Vienna. Already as a very young man, when still in school, he was attracted by the circle of psychoanalysts around Freud. During the years 1915 and 1919, he attended lectures by Freud, and as early as 1920, aged 23, he became a member of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society. In 1922 Fenichel moved to Berlin. During his Berlin time, until 1934, he was a member of a group of Socialist and/or Marxist psychoanalysts (with Siegfried Bernfeld, Erich Fromm, Wilhelm Reich, Ernst Simmel, Frances Deri and others). After his emigration – 1934 to Oslo, 1935 to Prague, 1938 to Los Angeles – he organized the contact between the worldwide scattered Marxist psychoanalysts by means of top secret "Rundbriefe", i.e. circular letters. Those Rundbriefe, which became public ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sexual Fetishism
Sexual fetishism or erotic fetishism is a sexual fixation on a nonliving object or nongenital body part. The object of interest is called the fetish; the person who has ''a fetish'' for that object is a fetishist. A sexual fetish may be regarded as a non-pathological aid to sexual excitement, or as a mental disorder if it causes significant psychosocial distress for the person or has detrimental effects on important areas of their life. Sexual arousal from a particular body part can be further classified as partialism. While medical definitions restrict the term ''sexual fetishism'' to objects or body parts, ''fetish'' can, in common discourse, also refer to sexual interest in specific activities. Definitions In common parlance, the word ''fetish'' is used to refer to any sexually arousing stimuli, not all of which meet the medical criteria for fetishism. This broader usage of ''fetish'' covers parts or features of the body (including obesity and body modifications), object ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lewis Carroll
Charles Lutwidge Dodgson (; 27 January 1832 – 14 January 1898), better known by his pen name Lewis Carroll, was an English author, poet and mathematician. His most notable works are ''Alice's Adventures in Wonderland'' (1865) and its sequel ''Through the Looking-Glass'' (1871). He was noted for his facility with word play, logic, and fantasy. His poems ''Jabberwocky'' (1871) and ''The Hunting of the Snark'' (1876) are classified in the genre of literary nonsense. Carroll came from a family of high-church Anglicanism, Anglicans, and developed a long relationship with Christ Church, Oxford, where he lived for most of his life as a scholar and teacher. Alice Liddell, the daughter of Christ Church's dean Henry Liddell, is widely identified as the original inspiration for ''Alice in Wonderland'', though Carroll always denied this. An avid puzzler, Carroll created the word ladder puzzle (which he then called "Doublets"), which he published in his weekly column for ''Vanity Fair ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Censorship (psychoanalysis)
Censorship (psychoanalysis) () is the force identified by Sigmund Freud as operating to separate consciousness from the unconscious mind. In dreaming In his 1899 ''The Interpretation of Dreams'', Freud identified a force working to disguise the dream-thoughts so as to make them more acceptable to the dreamer. In his wartime lectures, he compared its operation to the contemporary newspapers, where blanks would reveal first-hand the work of the censor, but where allusions, circumlocutions, and other softening techniques also showed attempts to work round the censorship of thoughts in advance. He went on to characterise the motivating force, which he called "the self-observing agency as the ego-censor [], the conscience; it is this that exercises the dream-censorship [] during the night, from which the Repression (psychology), repressions of inadmissable wishful impulses proceed". Another tool used by the dream-censorship was regression to archaic symbolic forms of expression unfam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Afterwardsness
In the psychoanalysis of Sigmund Freud, afterwardsness is a "mode of belated understanding or retroactive attribution of sexual or traumatic meaning to earlier events... rom the German word''Nachträglichkeit'', translated as deferred action, retroaction, après-coup, afterwardsness". As summarized by another scholar, 'In one sense, Freud's theory of deferred action can be simply stated: memory is reprinted, so to speak, in accordance with later experience'. History and development of the term Freud The psychoanalytical concept of "afterwardsness" (german: Nachträglichkeit) appeared initially in Freud's writings in the 1890s in the commonsense form of the German adjective-adverb "afterwards" or "deferred" (''nachträglich''): as Freud wrote in the unfinished and unpublished "A Project for a Scientific Psychology" of 1895, 'a memory is repressed which has only become a trauma ''after the event'' '. However the 'theory of deferred action had already been ubliclyput forward by Freu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Déjà Vu
''Déjà vu'' ( , ; "already seen") is a French loanword for the phenomenon of feeling as though one has lived through the present situation before.Schnider, Armin. (2008). ''The Confabulating Mind: How the Brain Creates Reality''. Oxford University Press. pp. 167–168. Blom, Jan Dirk. (2010). ''A Dictionary of Hallucinations''. Springer. pp. 132-134. It is an illusion of memory whereby — despite a strong sense of recollection — the time, place, and context of the "previous" experience are uncertain or impossible. Approximately two-thirds of surveyed populations report experiencing déjà vu at least one time in their lives. The phenomenon manifests occasionally as a symptom of pre-seizure auras, and some researchers have associated chronic/frequent "pathological" déjà vu with neurological or psychiatric illness. Experiencing déjà vu has been correlated with higher socioeconomic status, better educational attainment, and lower ages. People who travel often, frequently ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sergei Pankejeff
Sergei Konstantinovitch Pankejeff (russian: Серге́й Константи́нович Панке́ев; 24 December 1886 – 7 May 1979) was a Ukrainian aristocrat from Odesa, Ukraine, best known for being a patient of Sigmund Freud, who gave him the pseudonym of Wolf Man (German: ''der Wolfsmann'') to protect his identity, after a dream Pankejeff had of a tree full of white wolves. Biography The Pankejeff family (Freud's German transliteration from the Russian; in English it would be transliterated as ''Pankeyev'') was a wealthy family in St. Petersburg. Sergei attended a grammar school in Russia, but after the 1905 Russian Revolution he spent considerable time abroad studying. During his review of Freud's letters and other files, Jeffrey Moussaieff Masson uncovered notes for an unpublished paper by Freud's associate Ruth Mack Brunswick. Freud had asked her to review the Pankejeff case, and she discovered evidence that Pankejeff had been sexually abused by a family me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sigmund Freud Bibliography
This is a list of writings published by Sigmund Freud. Books are either linked or in italics. Selected works * 1884 On Coca * 1891 On Aphasia * 1892 A Case of Successful Treatment by Hypnotism * 1893 Charcot * 1893 On the Psychical Mechanism of Hysterical Phenomena * 1894 The Neuro-Psychoses of Defence * 1894 Obsessions and phobias * 1894 On the Grounds for Detaching a Particular Syndrome from Neurasthenia under the Description “Anxiety Neurosis” * 1895 Project for a Scientific Psychology * 1895 Studies on Hysteria (German: ''Studien über Hysterie''; co-authored with Josef Breuer) * 1896 The Aetiology of Hysteria * 1896 Heredity and the Aetiology of the Neuroses * 1896 Further Remarks on the Neuro-Psychoses of Defence * 1898 Sexuality in the Aetiology of the Neuroses * 1899 Screen Memories * 1899 An Autobiographical Note * 1899 The Interpretation of Dreams (German: ''Die Traumdeutung'') * 1901 ''On Dreams'' (abridged version of ''The Interpretation of Dreams'') * 1904 The Psyc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
