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Scorpionfish
The Scorpaenidae (also known as scorpionfish) are a family of mostly marine fish that includes many of the world's most venomous species. As their name suggests, scorpionfish have a type of "sting" in the form of sharp spines coated with venomous mucus. The family is a large one, with hundreds of members. They are widespread in tropical and temperate seas but mostly found in the Indo-Pacific. They should not be confused with the cabezones, of the genus '' Scorpaenichthys'', which belong to a separate, though related, family, Cottidae. Taxonomy Scorpaenidae was described as a family in 1826 by the French naturalist Antoine Risso. The family is included in the suborder Scorpaenoidei of the order Scorpaeniformes in the 5th Edition of ''Fishes of the World'' but other authorities place it in the Perciformes either in the suborder Scorpaenoidei or the superfamily Scorpaenoidea. The subfamilies of this family are treated as valid families by some authorities. Subfamilies and trib ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scorpaena Porcus
The black scorpionfish (''Scorpaena porcus''), also known as the European scorpionfish or small-scaled scorpionfish, is a venomous scorpionfish, common in marine subtropical waters. It is widespread in the Eastern Atlantic Ocean from the British Isles to the Azores and Canary Islands, near the coasts of Morocco, in the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea. Taxonomy The black scorpionfish was first formally described in 1758 by Carl Linnaeus in the 10th edition of his ''Systema Naturae'' in which he gave the type localities as the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. Linnaeus also described the genus ''Scorpaena'' and in 1876 the Dutch ichthyologist Pieter Bleeker designated ''S. porcus'' as the type species of the genus ''Scorpaena''. The specific name ''porcus'' means "pig", an allusion which Linnaeus did not explain. However, it may reference the belief, originating with Athenaeus who said that he observed this species eating algae or weed and this was mistranslated in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scorpaenopsis Oxycephala
''Scorpaenopsis oxycephala'', the tasseled scorpionfish, or small-scaled scorpionfish, is a species of venomous marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Scorpaenidae, the scorpionfishes. It has a wide distribution in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the largest species in its genus. Taxonomy ''Scorpaenopsis oxycephala'' was first formally described as ''Scorpaena oxycephalus'' in 1849 by the Dutch physician, herpetologist and ichthyologist Pieter Bleeker with the type locality given as Jakarta on Java. The specific name is a compound of ''oxy'' which means "sharp" and ''cephalus'' meaning "head", an allusion to the long snout of this fish. Description ''Scorpaenopsis oxycephala'' has an elongate body which becomes compressed towards the rear with a narrow ontraorbital space. The upper posttemporal and upper opercular spines are simple. The occipital pit is either absent or very shallow. It has a very long snout and in adults there are numerous tentacles which form a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apistinae
Apistinae, the wasp scorpionfishes, is a subfamily of Venom, venomous, marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the Family (biology), family Scorpaenidae, the scorpionfishes and related species. These fishes are native to the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean. Taxonomy Apistinae, or Apsitidae, was first formally recognised as a taxonomic grouping in 1859 by the American ichthyologist Theodore Gill. The 5th edition of Fishes of the World treats this as a subfamily of the scorpionfish Family (biology), family Scorpaenidae, although other authorities treat it as a valid family, the Apistidae. The name of the subfamily is based on the genus name ''Apistus'', which means "untrustworthy" or "perfidious", a name Cuvier explained as being due to the long and mobile spines around the eyes, which he described as “very offensive weapons that these fish use when you least expect it”. A recent study placed the wasp scorpionfishes into an expanded stonefish clade (Synanceiidae) bec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tetraroginae
Tetraroginae is a subfamily of marine ray-finned fishes, commonly known as waspfishes or sailback scorpionfishes, belonging to the family Scorpaenidae, the scorpionfishes and their relatives. These fishes are native to the Indian Ocean and the West Pacific. As their name suggests, waspfishes are often venomous; having poison glands on their spines. They are bottom-dwelling fish, living at depths to . These creatures usually live in hiding places on the sea bottom. Taxonomy and etymology Tetraroginae, or Tetrarogidae, was first formally recognised as a taxonomic grouping in 1949 by the South African ichthyologist J.L.B. Smith. The 5th edition of Fishes of the World treats this as a subfamily of the scorpionfish family Scorpaenidae, however other authorities treat it as a valid family, the Tetrarogidae. A recent study placed the waspfishes into an expanded stonefish clade, within the family Synanceiidae, because all of these fish have a lachrymal sabre that can project a switch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Setarchinae
Setarchinae, the deep-sea bristly scorpionfishes, is a small subfamily of deep-sea ray-finned fishes, it is part of the family Scorpaenidae. They are small marine fishes, growing up to 25 cm, and are found in tropical and subtropical waters throughout the world. Taxonomy Setarchinae, or the family Setarchidae, were first described as a taxon by the Japanese ichthyologist Kiyomatsu Matsubara in 1943. The grouping is treated as a subfamily of the Scorpaenidae within the order Scorpaeniformes by the 5th Edition of ''Fishes of the World''. However, other authorities, such as FishBase, regard the taxon as a family within the suborder Scorpaenoidei, part of the Perciformes. The name of the subfamily comes from ''Setarches'' which was described by the English zoologist James Yate Johnson in 1862 but Johnson did not explain what the name alluded to, it may be derived from ''saeta'' meaning "bristle". Genera The following four genera are classified within the subfamily Setarchinae, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scorpaenini
Scorpaenini is a tribe of marine ray-finned fishes, one of two tribes in the subfamily Scorpaeninae. This tribe contains the "typical" or "true" scorpionfishes. The taxonomy of the scorpionfishes is in some flux, the 5th Edition of Fishes of the World treats this taxa as a tribe within the subfamily Scorpaeninae of the family Scorpaenidae within the order Scorpaeniformes, while other authorities treat it as a subfamily within a reduced family Scorpaenidae within the suborder Scorpaenoidei, or the superfamily Scorpaenoidea within the order Perciformes. Genera The tribe Scorpaenini contains at least 17 genera and nearly 200 species: * '' Hipposcorpaena'' Fowler, 1938 * '' Hoplosebastes'' Schmidt, 1929 * ''Idiastion'' Eschmeyer, 1965 * '' Iracundus'' Jordan & Evermann, 1903 * ''Neomerinthe'' Fowler, 1935 * '' Neoscorpaena'' Mandrytsa, 2001 * '' Parascorpaena'' Bleeker, 1876 * '' Phenacoscorpius'' Fowler, 1938 * '' Pogonoscorpius'' Regan, 1908 * '' Pontinus'' Poey 1860 * '' Pt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pteroini
Pteroini is a tribe of marine ray-finned fishes, one of two tribes in the subfamily Scorpaeninae. This tribe includes the lionfishes, sawcheek scorpionfishes and turkeyfishes. The taxonomy of the scorpionfishes is in some flux; the 5th Edition of Fishes of the World treats this taxa as a tribe within the subfamily Scorpaeninae of the family Scorpaenidae within the order Scorpaeniformes, while other authorities treat it as a subfamily within a reduced family Scorpaenidae within the suborder Scorpaenoidei, or the superfamily Scorpaenoidea within the order Perciformes Perciformes (), also called the Percomorpha or Acanthopteri, is an order or superorder of ray-finned fish. If considered a single order, they are the most numerous order of vertebrates, containing about 41% of all bony fish. Perciformes means .... Genera The following genera are included in the tribe Pterioni, totalling 5 genera and 29 species: References {{Taxonbar, from=Q19793640 Scorpaeninae Pter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scorpaeninae
Scorpaeninae is a subfamily of ray-finned fish belonging to the family Scorpaenidae in the order Scorpaeniformes, it includes the scorpionfishes, the lionfishes and turkeyfishes. They bear venomous spines in the anal, dorsal and pelvic fins which can cause severe pain in envenomated humans. The subfamily is distributed in the tropical and temperate seas around the world. Genera Scorpaeninae is divided into two tribes, the Scorpaenini, which contains 17 genera, and the Pteroini which contains 5 genera: * Scorpaenini Risso, 1826 ** '' Hipposcorpaena'' Fowler, 1938 ** '' Hoplosebastes'' Schmidt, 1929 ** ''Idiastion'' Eschmeyer, 1965 ** '' Iracundus'' Jordan & Evermann, 1903 ** ''Neomerinthe Fowler, 1935 ** '' Neoscorpaena'' Mandrytsa, 2001 ** '' Parascorpaena'' Bleeker, 1876 ** '' Phenacoscorpius'' Fowler, 1938 ** '' Pogonoscorpius'' Regan, 1908 ** '' Pontinus'' Poey 1860 ** '' Pteroidichthys'' Bleeker, 1856 ** ''Rhinopias'' Gill, 1905 ** ''Scorpaena'' Linnaeus, 1758 ** '' Scorp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Venomous
Venom or zootoxin is a type of toxin produced by an animal that is actively delivered through a wound by means of a bite, sting, or similar action. The toxin is delivered through a specially evolved ''venom apparatus'', such as fangs or a stinger, in a process called envenomation. Venom is often distinguished from poison, which is a toxin that is passively delivered by being ingested, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin, and toxungen, which is actively transferred to the external surface of another animal via a physical delivery mechanism. Venom has evolved in terrestrial and marine environments and in a wide variety of animals: both predators and prey, and both vertebrates and invertebrates. Venoms kill through the action of at least four major classes of toxin, namely necrotoxins and cytotoxins, which kill cells; neurotoxins, which affect nervous systems; myotoxins, which damage muscles; and haemotoxins, which disrupt blood clotting. Venomous animals cause tens of thousan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
10th Edition Of Systema Naturae
The 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'' is a book written by Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus and published in two volumes in 1758 and 1759, which marks the starting point of zoological nomenclature. In it, Linnaeus introduced binomial nomenclature for animals, something he had already done for plants in his 1753 publication of '' Species Plantarum''. Starting point Before 1758, most biological catalogues had used polynomial names for the taxa included, including earlier editions of ''Systema Naturae''. The first work to consistently apply binomial nomenclature across the animal kingdom was the 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae''. The International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature therefore chose 1 January 1758 as the "starting point" for zoological nomenclature, and asserted that the 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'' was to be treated as if published on that date. Names published before that date are unavailable, even if they would otherwise satisfy the rules. The only ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neosebastinae
Neosebastinae, the gurnard scorpionfishes or gurnard perches, is a small subfamily of deep-sea ray-finned fishes, it is part of the family Scorpaenidae. These fishes are found in the Indian and Pacific oceans. Several of the species in this family are venomous. Taxonomy Neosebastinae, or the family Neosebastidae, were first described as a taxon by the Japanese ichthyologist Kiyomatsu Matsubara in 1943. The grouping is treated as a subfamily of the Scorpaenidae within the order Scorpaeniformes by the 5th Edition of ''Fishes of the World''. However, other authorities, such as FishBase, regard the taxon as a family within the suborder Scorpaenoidei, part of the Perciformes. The family name is derived from the genus name ''Neosebastes'' which is a compound of ''neo'' meaning "new" and ''Sebastes'', as, when he coined the name, Alphonse Guichenot thought that the new genus was closely related to or was a subgenus of the genus ''Sebastes''. Genera There are two genera which are class ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kiyomatsu Matsubara
was a Japanese marine biologist, ichthyologist, and herpetologist. Born Kiyomatsu Sakamoto in Hyogo Prefecture, Kiyomatsu Matsubara was the first professor of the Department of Fisheries of the University of Kyoto and is considered to be the founder of Japanese research on fish systematics. He changed his name to "Matsubara" in the early 1930s. He has focused his research primarily on the scorpionfish (Scorpaeniformes) and published many books and scholarly articles. He described several new species of fish, including the crocodile shark ''(Pseudocarcharias kamoharai)''. Species named after him include the rays ''Bathyraja matsubarai'' (Ishiyama, 1952) and ''Dasyatis matsubarai The pitted stingray (''Bathytoshia matsubarai'') is a species of stingray in the family Dasyatidae, endemic to the waters around Japan and the Sea of Japan. It typically found near the coast at depths of , but may also venture into the open se ...'' Miyosi, 1939. See also * :Taxa named by Kiyomats ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
