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Sclerorhynchoidei
Sclerorhynchoidei is an extinct suborder of rajiform rays that had long rostra with large denticles similar to sawfishes and sawsharks. This feature was convergently evolved and their closest living relatives are actually skates. While they are often called "sawfishes", sawskates is a more accurate common name for sclerorhynchoids. The suborder contains five named families: Ganopristidae, Ischyrhizidae, Onchopristidae, Ptychotrygonidae, and Schizorhizidae. Several genera (see below) are not currently placed in any of these families. Sclerorhynchoids first appeared in the Barremian and went extinct during the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, with former Paleocene occurrences being misidentifications or reworked specimens. Phylogeny Below is a cladogram of Sclerorhynchoidei, with the topology based on Villalobos-Segura ''et al.'' (2021b) and the family taxonomy based on Greenfield (2021). Other genera *†''Agaleorhynchus'' *†''Ankistrorhynchus'' *†''Arc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rajiformes
Rajiformes is one of the four orders in the superorder Batoidea, flattened cartilaginous fishes related to sharks. Rajiforms are distinguished by the presence of greatly enlarged pectoral fins, which reach as far forward as the sides of the head, with a generally flattened body. The undulatory pectoral fin motion diagnostic to this taxon is known as rajiform locomotion. The eyes and spiracles are located on the upper surface of the head and the gill slits are on the underside of the body. Most species give birth to live young, although some lay eggs enclosed in a horny capsule ("mermaid's purse"). Characteristics Rajoids typically have a dorsoventrally flattened body. The snout is slender and pointed and the wide mouth, often covered with a fleshy nasal flap, is on the underside of the head. The eyes and well-developed spiracles are located on the top of the head. In most species, the spiracles are large and are the main means of drawing water in for respiration. There is no n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Onchopristis
''Onchopristis'' is an extinct genus of sclerorhynchoid from the Cretaceous of North Africa, Europe, and North America. Its name is derived from the Ancient Greek ''ónkos'' ( ὄγκος, 'barb') and ''prístis'' ( πρίστις, 'saw' or 'sawfish'). It contains two valid species, ''O. numida'' and ''O. dunklei''. ''Onchopristis'' first appeared in the Barremian and its latest occurrence dates to the Campanian, making it one of the oldest and longest-lived sclerorhynchoid genera. Description Specimens of ''O. numida'', IPUW 353500 and IGR 2818, suggest a length estimate of and , respectively; such individuals would have weighed . Like other sclerorhynchoids, it had a long rostrum with large denticles similar to sawfishes and sawsharks. This feature was convergently evolved and its closest living relatives are actually skates. Isolated rostral denticles are the most common fossils of ''Onchopristis'', but rostra, chondrocrania, jaws, oral teeth, vertebrae, and dermal den ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ischyrhiza
''Ischyrhiza'' is an extinct genus of sclerorhynchoid ray from the Late Cretaceous and Early Paleogene. It had a large, toothed rostrum closely resembling that of a modern-day sawfish. Despite formerly being classified within a family of extinct sawfish-like rays known as Sclerorhynchidae, phylogenetic analyses indicate that ''Ischyrhiza, Schizorhiza'', and '' Onchopristis'' form a distinct clade that groups closer with the extant family Rajidae, which contains the true skates, possibly rendering the suborder Sclerorhynchoidei paraphyletic. Fossils of the genus have been found in Canada, the United States, the Aguja Formation of Mexico, the Bissekty Formation of Uzbekistan, the Tamayama Formation of Japan, the Dukamaje Formation of Niger, the El Molino Formation of Bolivia, the Quiriquina Formation of Chile, and the Chota Formation The Chota Formation is an Early Campanian to Late Eocene geologic formation of the Cajamarca and western Amazonas Region in northern Pe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schizorhiza
''Schizorhiza'' is a fossil genus of cartilaginous fish, containing a single accepted species ''Schizorhiza stromeri''. Its fossils are found in rocks dating from the Campanian and Maastrichtian stages; it thus lived between about and million years ago. Like other sawfish-like rays from the Mesozoic, it probably did not survive the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event; there are a few remains from the Paleogene but these seem to have been reworked from Late Cretaceous deposits. (2002): ''Schizorhiza'': a unique sawfish paradigm from the Difunta Group, Coahuila, Mexico. ''Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas'' 19(1): 16-24 nglish with Spanish abstractbr>PDF fulltext/ref> Taxonomy Due to its unique rostral teeth, ''Schizorhiza'' is placed in the monotypic subfamily Schizorhizinae. Despite formerly being classified within a family of extinct sawfish-like rays known as Sclerorhynchidae, phylogenetic analyses indicate that ''Ischyrhiza, Schizorhiza'', and ''Onchopristis'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ptychotrygon
''Ptychotrygon'' is a genus of sawfish-like Late Cretaceous ray whose fossils have been found worldwide. It, '' Ptychotrygonoides'', '' Texatrygon'', and '' Asflapristis'' are members of the family Ptychotrygonidae within the suborder Sclerorhynchoidei. Species The following species are considered valid: * †'' Ptychotrygon blainensis'' * †''Ptychotrygon eutawensis'' * †''Ptychotrygon geyeri'' * †''Ptychotrygon mcnultyi'' * †''Ptychotrygon pustulata'' * †''Ptychotrygon rostrispatula'' * †''Ptychotrygon striata'' * †''Ptychotrygon triangularis'' * †''Ptychotrygon vermiculata ''Ptychotrygon'' is a genus of sawfish-like Late Cretaceous ray whose fossils have been found worldwide. It, '' Ptychotrygonoides'', '' Texatrygon'', and '' Asflapristis'' are members of the family Ptychotrygonidae within the suborder Sclerorhy ...'' References Prehistoric cartilaginous fish genera Late Cretaceous cartilaginous fish Late Cretaceous fish of North America Sclero ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sclerorhynchus
''Sclerorhynchus'' (from el, σκληρός , 'hard' and el, ῥύγχος 'snout') is an extinct genus of ganopristid sclerorhynchoid that lived during the Late Cretaceous. The genus ''Ganopristis'' is considered a junior synonym of ''Sclerorhynchus''. It was a widespread genus, with fossils found in the Middle East (''S. atavus'', ''S. karakensis''), North Africa (''S. leptodon''), Europe (''S. leptodon''), and North America (''S. fanninensis'', ''S. pettersi'', ''S. priscus''). While it had a long rostrum with large denticles similar to sawfishes and sawshark A sawshark or saw shark is a member of a shark order (Pristiophoriformes ) bearing a unique long, saw-like Rostrum (anatomy), rostrum (snout or bill) edged with sharp teeth, which they use to slash and disable their prey. There are eight species ...s, its closest living relatives are actually skates. Complete specimens of ''S. atavus'' show that its fin arrangement was similar to skates, with the pectoral and pel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ganopristidae
Ganopristidae is an extinct family of cartilaginous fish from the Cretaceous belonging to the suborder Sclerorhynchoidei. While the name Sclerorhynchidae is often used for this family, it is a junior synonym of Ganopristidae. This family contains the genera ''Libanopristis'', ''Micropristis'', and ''Sclerorhynchus ''Sclerorhynchus'' (from el, σκληρός , 'hard' and el, ῥύγχος 'snout') is an extinct genus of ganopristid sclerorhynchoid that lived during the Late Cretaceous. The genus ''Ganopristis'' is considered a junior synonym of ''Scler ...''. The type genus ''Ganopristis'' is considered to be a junior synonym of ''Sclerorhynchus''. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q108908110 Prehistoric cartilaginous fish families Rajiformes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sawfish
Sawfish, also known as carpenter sharks, are a family of rays characterized by a long, narrow, flattened rostrum, or nose extension, lined with sharp transverse teeth, arranged in a way that resembles a saw. They are among the largest fish with some species reaching lengths of about . They are found worldwide in tropical and subtropical regions in coastal marine and brackish estuarine waters, as well as freshwater rivers and lakes. They are endangered. They should not be confused with sawsharks (order Pristiophoriformes) or the extinct sclerorhynchoids (order Rajiformes) which have a similar appearance, or swordfish (family Xiphiidae) which have a similar name but a very different appearance. Sawfishes are relatively slow breeders and the females give birth to live young. They feed on fish and invertebrates that are detected and captured with the use of their saw. They are generally harmless to humans, but can inflict serious injuries with the saw when captured and defend ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Micropristis
''Micropristis'' is an extinct genus of ganopristid sclerorhynchoid that lived in the Middle East and Europe during the Late Cretaceous The Late Cretaceous (100.5–66 Ma) is the younger of two epochs into which the Cretaceous Period is divided in the geologic time scale. Rock strata from this epoch form the Upper Cretaceous Series. The Cretaceous is named after ''creta'', the .... References Cretaceous cartilaginous fish Cretaceous fish of Europe Prehistoric cartilaginous fish genera {{paleo-cartilaginous-fish-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Libanopristis
''Libanopristis'' is an extinct genus of ganopristid sclerorhynchoid that lived in Lebanon during the Late Cretaceous The Late Cretaceous (100.5–66 Ma) is the younger of two epochs into which the Cretaceous Period is divided in the geologic time scale. Rock strata from this epoch form the Upper Cretaceous Series. The Cretaceous is named after ''creta'', the .... References Prehistoric cartilaginous fish genera {{paleo-cartilaginous-fish-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baharipristis
''Baharipristis'' is an extinct genus of sawfish-like shark from the Cretaceous period. It contains a singular species, ''B. bastetiae''. It was described from the Cenomanian-aged Bahariya formation of Gebel Ghorabi, Egypt Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediter ... based on distinctive isolated rostral teeth. It shares the formation with at least 9 other genera of Sclerorhynchid Saw-snouted sharks. References Sclerorhynchidae Prehistoric cartilaginous fish genera {{paleo-cartilaginous-fish-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
