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Schwarzwald Family
The Schwarzwald (or von Schwarzwald) family was a wealthy, patrician, merchant family living in the Hanseatic city of Danzig (Gdańsk) from the 15th to the 18th century. The family, which had its origins in the Black Forest in south-west Germany, can be traced back to Georg von Schwarzwald, who settled in Danzig in the early 1400s. Notable members Notable members of the family include: Hans I (Johann) Schwarzwald (1468–1521) Hans I (Johann) von Schwarzwald (1468–1521), merchant, juror in 1504, alderman from 1514 in Danzig. He married as his first wife: *Catherina Cölmer, in 1499; He married as his second wife: *Margarethe Cölmer, in 1509, by whom he had five children including: **Hans II (Johann) von Schwarzwald (13 June 1513−1575) died unmarried. He is said to have been the subject of a portrait by Hans Holbein the Younger; He married as his third wife: *Margarethe (b. 1490), in 1516, daughter of Bernd von Reesen (d. 1506) and Brigitte Proite (d. 1506), sister of Bernh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Noble Family
Nobility is a social class found in many societies that have an aristocracy (class), aristocracy. It is normally ranked immediately below Royal family, royalty. Nobility has often been an Estates of the realm, estate of the realm with many exclusive functions and characteristics. The characteristics associated with nobility may constitute substantial advantages over or relative to non-nobles or simply formal functions (e.g., Order of precedence, precedence), and vary by country and by era. Membership in the nobility, including rights and responsibilities, is typically Hereditary title, hereditary and Patrilinearity, patrilineal. Membership in the nobility has historically been granted by a monarch or government, and acquisition of sufficient power, wealth, ownerships, or royal favour has occasionally enabled commoners to ascend into the nobility. There are often a variety of ranks within the noble class. Legal recognition of nobility has been much more common in monarchies, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alderman
An alderman is a member of a Municipal government, municipal assembly or council in many Jurisdiction, jurisdictions founded upon English law. The term may be titular, denoting a high-ranking member of a borough or county council, a council member chosen by the elected members themselves rather than by Direct election, popular vote, or a council member elected by voters. Etymology The title is derived from the Old English title of ''ealdorman'', literally meaning "elder man", and was used by the chief nobles presiding over shires. Similar titles exist in some Germanic countries, such as the Sweden, Swedish language ', the Danish language, Danish, Low German, Low German language ', and West Frisia, West Frisian language ', the Netherlands, Dutch language ', the (non-Germanic) Finland, Finnish language ' (a borrowing from the Germanic Swedes next door), and the German language, High German ', which all mean "elder man" or "wise man". Usage by country Australia Many local government ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrzej Stech
Andreas Stech (September 9, 1635 – January 12, 1697) was a Baroque painter. Stech was born in Stolp (Słupsk), the son of Heinrich Stech a painter from Lübeck. He was of Lutheran faith. In 1636, together with his family he moved to Danzig (Gdańsk). It is most likely that he was taught by his father; from 1653, by his father-in-law Adolf Boy (1612-1683). In 1658, he married the widow of the painter August Ranisch. After the death of his first wife, he married Adelgunde, the daughter of Nicias Wulf. He had five children from his first marriage, and four from his second. In 1662, he became the Master Artisan on the basis of his artwork: ''The Calling of St. Andrew'' and ''Croesus throwing himself in the fire''. In 1667, he received Danzig citizenship. In 1673, he became a juror. From 1677, he worked for King John III Sobieski of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, formally known as the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lith ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Groningen
The University of Groningen (abbreviated as UG; nl, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, abbreviated as RUG) is a Public university#Continental Europe, public research university of more than 30,000 students in the city of Groningen (city), Groningen in the Netherlands. Founded in 1614, the university is the second oldest in the country (after Leiden University, Leiden) and one of the most traditional and prestigious universities in the Netherlands. The institution has been consistently ranked among the top 100 universities in the world, according to leading ranking tables. In the 2022 Aggregate Ranking of Top Universities, RUG is ranked fourth in the Netherlands. The University of Groningen has eleven Faculty (division), faculties, nine graduate schools, 27 research centres and institutes, and more than 175-degree programmes. The university's alumni and faculty include Johann Bernoulli, Aletta Jacobs, four Nobel Prize winners, nine Spinoza Prize winners, one Stevin Prize winner, variou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry VIII
Henry VIII (28 June 149128 January 1547) was King of England from 22 April 1509 until his death in 1547. Henry is best known for his six marriages, and for his efforts to have his first marriage (to Catherine of Aragon) annulled. His disagreement with Pope Clement VII about such an annulment led Henry to initiate the English Reformation, separating the Church of England from papal authority. He appointed himself Supreme Head of the Church of England and dissolved convents and monasteries, for which he was excommunicated by the pope. Henry is also known as "the father of the Royal Navy" as he invested heavily in the navy and increased its size from a few to more than 50 ships, and established the Navy Board. Domestically, Henry is known for his radical changes to the English Constitution, ushering in the theory of the divine right of kings in opposition to papal supremacy. He also greatly expanded royal power during his reign. He frequently used charges of treason and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Watson (merchant)
William Watson (died 20 November 1559) was an English merchant and shipowner living in London in the reign of Henry VIII, Edward VI, Mary I and Elizabeth I. He was the royal purchasing agent in the Baltic from 1538 to 1559, chiefly tasked with supplying the English fleet with masts, cordage and other naval stores. Early life He was born in Shropshire, the son of John Watson. He had two brothers, Richard and Roger and two sisters: Blanche (d. 1563), who married 1. Richard Reynolds (d. 6 May 1542); 2. Robert Palmer (d. 1544); 3. William Forman (d. 1546); and Elizabeth, who married Richard Mawdley. Career Watson was a member of the Worshipful Company of Drapers. In 1538 Watson was appointed royal purchasing agent in the Baltic. He had been a Baltic merchant since at least 1531. His brothers, Richard and Roger worked with him. In 1544 William Watson wrote to Duke Albrecht of Prussia from Danzig: "My brother Richard asked me in a letter to send some English dogs to Your Grace. I h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
Charles V, french: Charles Quint, it, Carlo V, nl, Karel V, ca, Carles V, la, Carolus V (24 February 1500 – 21 September 1558) was Holy Roman Emperor and Archduke of Austria from 1519 to 1556, King of Spain (Crown of Castile, Castile and Crown of Aragon, Aragon) from 1516 to 1556, and Lord of the Netherlands as titular Duke of Burgundy from 1506 to 1555. He was heir to and then head of the rising House of Habsburg during the first half of the 16th century, his dominions in Europe included the Holy Roman Empire, extending from Kingdom of Germany, Germany to Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire), northern Italy with direct rule over the Austrian hereditary lands and the Burgundian Low Countries, and Habsburg Spain, Spain with its southern Italy, southern Italian possessions of Kingdom of Naples, Naples, Kingdom of Sicily, Sicily, and Kingdom of Sardinia, Sardinia. He oversaw both the continuation of the long-lasting Spanish colonization of the Americas and the short-live ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ennoblement
Ennoblement is the conferring of nobility—the induction of an individual into the noble class. Currently only a few kingdoms still grant nobility to people; among them Spain, the United Kingdom, Belgium and the Vatican. Depending on time and region, various laws have governed who could be ennobled and how. Typically, nobility was conferred on individuals who had assisted the sovereign. In some countries (e.g. France under the ''Ancien Régime''), this degenerated into the buying of patents of nobility, whereby rich commoners (e.g. merchants) could purchase a title of nobility. Ennobling qualities Medieval theorists of nobility relied on earlier classical concepts (Platonic, Aristotelian and Christian-Hellenistic) of what personal traits and virtues constitute grounds for ennoblement. In Plato's Republic, he provides for promotion and degradation of citizens according to a strict spiritual meritocracy. In the words of Will Durant, "If the ruler's son is a dolt he falls at th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Museum, Gdańsk
The National Museum in Gdańsk ( pl, Muzeum Narodowe w Gdańsku), established in 1972 in Gdańsk (although the history goes back the third quarter of 19th century), is one of the main branches of Poland's national museum system. History Its main location is in the old late-Gothic Franciscan monastery, which has been used to house exhibits since the end of the 19th century. During that period it was known as ''Danziger Stadtmuseum'', which held a sizeable collection of historical works of art. In 1884, the collection was enlarged with exhibits from the ''Danziger Kunstgewerbemuseum'' when the two institutions merged. The core of the Museum's collection constitutes the collection of Jacob Kabrun, which includes several thousand pictures, drawings and prints by European masters from the end of the fifteenth to the beginning of the nineteenth centuries. After the end of the Second World War, 65% of the main building of the museum was destroyed and much of the museum's collections we ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of City Mayors Of Gdańsk
This article lists the people holding the office of either the mayor of Danzig (german: Bürgermeister von Danzig) or the city mayor of Danzig (german: Oberbürgermeister von Danzig), between 1308 and 1945, as well as the city mayor of Gdańsk ( pl, prezydent miasta Gdańska) from 1945 to the present day (or holders of the equivalent offices during communism). Historical outline *1224 – Gdańsk received city rights (with Lübeck law) *1308 – Teutonic takeover of Danzig (Gdańsk) *1454 – Danzig reclaimed by the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland *1569 – Danzig fully reintegrated along with the remainder of Royal Prussia into the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth *1793 – Danzig lost in the Second Partition of Poland to Prussia, but not to Germany (the Holy Roman Empire) *1806 – Danzig a Napoleonic free city and a condominium of Prussia and the Duchy of Warsaw *1815 – Danzig reclaimed entirely by Prussia, but not as part of Germany (the German Confederation) *1866 – D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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