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Schmidtea
''Schmidtea'' is a genus of freshwater triclads. Species of the genus ''Schmidtea'' are widely used in regeneration and developmental studies. Until 1991 ''Schmidtea'' was considered as a subgenus of ''Dugesia ''Dugesia'' (pronounced, /duˈd͡ʒiʒ(i)ə/) is a genus of dugesiid triclads that contains some common representatives of the class Turbellaria. These common flatworms are found in freshwater habitats of Africa, Eurasia, and Australia. ''Dugesi ...'', then it was elevated to the genus rank. Phylogeny Phylogenetic tree including five dugesiid genera after Álvarez-Presas et al., 2008: References Dugesiidae {{flatworm-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schmidtea Nova
''Schmidtea'' is a genus of freshwater triclads. Species of the genus ''Schmidtea'' are widely used in Regeneration (biology), regeneration and developmental biology, developmental studies. Until 1991 ''Schmidtea'' was considered as a subgenus of ''Dugesia'', then it was elevated to the genus rank. Phylogeny Phylogenetic tree including five dugesiid genera after Álvarez-Presas et al., 2008: References Dugesiidae {{flatworm-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schmidtea Mediterranea
''Schmidtea mediterranea'' is a freshwater triclad that lives in southern Europe and Tunisia. It is a model for regeneration, stem cells and development of tissues such as the brain and germline. Distribution ''Schmidtea mediterranea'' is found in some coastal areas and islands in the western Mediterranean (Catalonia, Menorca, Mallorca, Corsica, Sardinia Sardinia ( ; it, Sardegna, label=Italian, Corsican and Tabarchino ; sc, Sardigna , sdc, Sardhigna; french: Sardaigne; sdn, Saldigna; ca, Sardenya, label=Algherese and Catalan) is the second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, after ..., Sicily and Tunisia).Benazzi M, Baguñà J, Ballester R, Puccinelli I, Papa RD: Further Contribution to the Taxonomy of the ''Dugesia lugubris-polychroa Group'' with Description of ''Dugesia mediterranea'' n. sp. (Tricladida, Paludicola). Bolletino di zoologia 1975, 42(1):81-89.Ribas M: Cariologia, sistematica i biogeografia de les Planaries d'aigues dolces al Països Catalans. 199 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schmidtea Polychroa
''Schmidtea polychroa'' is a species of freshwater flatworm, a dugesiid triclad that inhabits the shallow mesotrophic or eutrophic waters of rivers and lakes of Europe. It is also present in North America, where it has been introduced at least in the Saint Lawrence river system. Kenk, R. (1989). Revised list of the North American freshwater Planarians (Platyhelminthes. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 476, 1-10. It is an animal with a limited dispersion capability. Diet Individuals of this species search for food actively; they feed mainly on small invertebrates. They prey preferably on oligochaetes, and also on gastropods. Reproduction They are hermaphroditic In reproductive biology, a hermaphrodite () is an organism that has both kinds of reproductive organs and can produce both gametes associated with male and female sexes. Many taxonomic groups of animals (mostly invertebrates) do not have separ .... ''Schmidtea polychroa'' produces cocoons in water temperatures be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Triclad
A planarian is one of the many flatworms of the traditional class (biology), class Turbellaria. It usually describes free-living flatworms of the order Tricladida (triclads), although this common name is also used for a wide number of free-living platyhelminthes. Planaria are common to many parts of the world, living in both saltwater and Fresh water, freshwater ponds and rivers. Some species are Terrestrial animal, terrestrial and are found under logs, in or on the soil, and on plants in humid areas. The triclads are characterized by triply branched intestine and anteriorly situated ovaries, next to the brain. Today the order Tricladida is split into three suborders, according to their phylogenetic relationships: Maricola, Dimarcusidae, Cavernicola and Continenticola. Formerly, the Tricladida was split according to habitats: Maricola, which is marine; Dimarcusidae, Paludicola which inhabits freshwater; and Terricola, which is land-dwelling. Planaria exhibit an extraordinary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schmidtea Lugubris
''Schmidtea lugubris'' is a species of freshwater flatworm, a dugesiid triclad found in Europe. Diet ''S. lugubris'' preys mainly on oligochaetes and gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...s. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q2883531 Dugesiidae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dugesiidae
Dugesiidae is a family of freshwater planarians distributed worldwide (except Antarctica). The type genus is ''Dugesia'' Girard, 1850.Ball, I. R.: A contribution to the phylogeny and biogeography of the freshwater triclads (Platyhelminthes: Turbellaria). Biology of the Turbellaria (Edited by: Riser NW and Morse MP). New York: McGraw-Hill New York 1974, 339-401. Description All species of Dugesiidae live in freshwater environments and have a dorsoventrally flattened body. The head usually has a somewhat triangular shape and has two eyes (except for some subterranean eyeless species). The main differences between Dugesiidae and other freshwater planarians are related to the anatomy of the eyes and the copulatory apparatus. The eye cup in Dugesiidae is composed of several retinal cells, while in other freshwater planarians they are composed of a single cell. All freshwater planarians have an accessory organ called copulatory bursa or ''bursa copulatrix'', which is connected to th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Developmental Biology
Developmental biology is the study of the process by which animals and plants grow and develop. Developmental biology also encompasses the biology of Regeneration (biology), regeneration, asexual reproduction, metamorphosis, and the growth and differentiation of stem cells in the adult organism. Perspectives The main processes involved in the embryogenesis, embryonic development of animals are: tissue patterning (via regional specification and patterned cellular differentiation, cell differentiation); tissue growth; and tissue morphogenesis. * Regional specification refers to the processes that create the spatial patterns in a ball or sheet of initially similar cells. This generally involves the action of cytoplasmic determinants, located within parts of the fertilized egg, and of inductive signals emitted from signaling centers in the embryo. The early stages of regional specification do not generate functional differentiated cells, but cell populations committed to developing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dugesia
''Dugesia'' (pronounced, /duˈd͡ʒiʒ(i)ə/) is a genus of dugesiid triclads that contains some common representatives of the class Turbellaria. These common flatworms are found in freshwater habitats of Africa, Eurasia, and Australia. ''Dugesia'' is best known to non-specialists because of its regeneration capacities. ''Dugesia'' is the type genus of the family Dugesiidae. Description ''Dugesia'' species have an elongated body with a slightly triangle-shaped head. Usually they have grey, brown or black colors on the dorsal body surface, the ventral surface uses to be paler. These animals have a couple of eyes constituted by a multicellular pigmented cup with many retinal cells to detect the amount of light in the nearby environment. Sometimes they present supernumerary eyes. At the anterior part of the body, behind the eyes level, they have two of structures called auricles that give the triangle look to the 'head' and that allow them to detect the intensity of water current ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Girardia
''Girardia'' is a genus of freshwater planarians belonging to the family Dugesiidae. Distribution The genus ''Girardia'' is endemic to the Americas, from Argentina to Canada, although most species occur in South America. The only two species known to occur naturally in North America, ''Girardia tigrina'' and ''Girardia dorotocephala'', have been introduced in other continents and islands. Description Species of ''Girardia'' are very similar to species of other genera of Dugesiidae and few apomorphies that clearly define the genus are known. One of the few exclusive characteristics is the presence of pigment granules in the outer pharyngeal wall. Until 1991 ''Girardia'' was considered a subgenus of ''Dugesia'', then it was upgraded to the genus rank. However, some works continued to use the old genus for some ''Girardia'' species, mainly for '' Girardia dorotocephala'' and ''Girardia tigrina''. Species *'' Girardia anceps'' (Kenk, 1930) *'' Girardia anderlani'' (Kawakatsu & H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neppia
''Neppia'' is a genus of dugesiid triclad that is found in South America, Subantarctic region, Africa, Tasmania and New Zealand. Until 1974 ''Neppia'' was considered a subgenus of ''Dugesia''.Ball, I. R. 1974. A new genus of freshwater triclad from Tasmania with reviews of the related genera ''Cura'' and ''Neppia'' (Turbellaria, Tricladida). Life Sci. Contr. R. Ont. Mus. No. 99:1-48. Phylogeny and taxonomy Phylogenetic tree including five dugesiid genera after Álvarez-Presas et al., 2008: Species *''Neppia evelinae'' (Marcus, 1955) *''Neppia falklandica'' (Westblad, 1952) *''Neppia jeanneli'' (Beauchamp, 1913) *''Neppia magnibursalis'' Sluys & Kawakatsu, 2001 *''Neppia montana'' (Nurse, 1950) *''Neppia paeta'' (Marcus, 1955) *''Neppia tinga'' (Marcus, 1955) *''Neppia wimbimba ''Neppia'' is a genus of dugesiid triclad that is found in South America, Subantarctic region, Africa, Tasmania and New Zealand. Until 1974 ''Neppia'' was considered a subgenus of ''Dugesia''.Ball, I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cura (genus)
''Cura'' is a genus of freshwater flatworm (triclad)s belonging to the family Dugesiidae. ''Cura'' was ranked as a subgenus of ''Dugesia'' until 1974, then it was elevated to the genus rank. Description Individuals of this genus have a low triangle-shaped head.Ball IR: A contribution to the phylogeny and biogeography of the freshwater triclads (Platyhelminthes: Turbellaria). Biology of the Turbellaria (Edited by: Riser NW & Morse MP). New York: McGraw-Hill New York 1974, pp.339-401. Distribution ''Cura'' species present a disjunct distribution. '' C. foremanii'' inhabits North America, while '' C. fortis'' is found in New Zealand,Sluys, R., Kawakatsu, M., 2001. Contribution to an inventory of the freshwater planarians of Australia and New Zealand (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Dugesiidae), with distribution maps of the species examined. Beaufortia/Bull Zool Mus Univ Amsterdam 51(10):163-198 and '' C. pinguis'' in Australia, New Zealand, and New Caledonia ) , anthem = "" , ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Regeneration (biology)
In biology, regeneration is the process of renewal, restoration, and tissue growth that makes genomes, cells, organisms, and ecosystems resilient to natural fluctuations or events that cause disturbance or damage. Every species is capable of regeneration, from bacteria to humans. Regeneration can either be complete where the new tissue is the same as the lost tissue, or incomplete where after the necrotic tissue comes fibrosis. At its most elementary level, regeneration is mediated by the molecular processes of gene regulation and involves the cellular processes of cell proliferation, morphogenesis and cell differentiation. Regeneration in biology, however, mainly refers to the morphogenic processes that characterize the phenotypic plasticity of traits allowing multi-cellular organisms to repair and maintain the integrity of their physiological and morphological states. Above the genetic level, regeneration is fundamentally regulated by asexual cellular processes. Regeneration ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
