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Scaffolding Theory
Instructional scaffolding is the support given to a student by an instructor throughout the learning process. This support is specifically tailored to each student; this instructional approach allows students to experience student-centered learning, which tends to facilitate more efficient learning than teacher-centered learning. This learning process promotes a deeper level of learning than many other common teaching strategies. Instructional scaffolding provides sufficient support to promote learning when concepts and skills are being first introduced to students. These supports may include resource, compelling task, templates and guides, and/or guidance on the development of cognitive development, cognitive and social skills. Instructional scaffolding could be employed through modeling a task, giving advice, and/or providing coaching. These supports are gradually removed as students develop Wiktionary:autonomy, autonomous learning strategies, thus promoting their own taxonomy of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Keith Sawyer
Robert Keith Sawyer is an American psychologist. He is the Morgan Distinguished Professor in Educational Innovations at University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. He is an expert on creativity, innovation and learning. Books * * Selected publications * * References External linksFaculty Page at UNC 1960 births Living people Creativity researchers 21st-century American psychologists University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill faculty University of Chicago alumni Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni 20th-century American psychologists {{US-psychologist-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anat Ninio
Anat Ninio ( he, ענת ניניו; born August 10, 1944) is a professor emeritus of psychology at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel. She specializes in the interactive context of language acquisition, the communicative functions of speech, pragmatic development, and syntactic development. Ninio is best known for her work on joint picture-book reading of parents and young children;Ninio, A. and Bruner, J. (1978). The achievement and antecedents of labelling. Journal of Child Language, 5, 1-15. Reprinted in M. B. Franklin and S. S. Barton (eds). (1988). Child language: a reader (pp. 36-49). Oxford: Oxford University Press. This article is the second most cited paper published in the Journal of Child Language, the official journal of the International Association for the Study of Child Language (IASCL), according to the Web of Science and Google Scholar. for developing the widely used Ninio and WheelerNinio, A. and Wheeler, P. (1984). A manual for classifying verbal com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Project-based Learning
Project-based learning (PBL) is a student-centered pedagogy that involves a dynamic classroom approach in which it is believed that students acquire a deeper knowledge through active exploration of real-world challenges and problems. Students learn about a subject by working for an extended period of time to investigate and respond to a complex question, challenge, or problem. It is a style of active learning and inquiry-based learning. PBL contrasts with paper-based, rote memorization, or teacher-led instruction that presents established facts or portrays a smooth path to knowledge by instead posing questions, problems or scenarios. History John Dewey is recognized as one of the early proponents of project-based education or at least its principles through his idea of "learning by doing". In ''My Pedagogical Creed'' (1897) Dewey enumerated his beliefs including the view that "the teacher is not in the school to impose certain ideas or to form certain habits in the child, but ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Student-centered Learning
Student-centered learning, also known as learner-centered education, broadly encompasses methods of teaching that shift the focus of instruction from the teacher to the student. In original usage, student-centered learning aims to develop learner autonomy and independence by putting responsibility for the learning path in the hands of students by imparting to them skills, and the basis on how to learn a specific subject and schemata required to measure up to the specific performance requirement.Hannafin, M. J., & Hannafin, K. M. (2010)Cognition and student-centered, web-based learning: Issues and implications for research and theory In Learning and instruction in the digital age (pp. 11-23). Springer US. Student-centered instruction focuses on skills and practices that enable lifelong learning and independent problem-solving. Student-centered learning theory and practice are based on the constructivist learning theory that emphasizes the learner's critical role in constructing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inquiry-based Learning
Inquiry-based learning (also spelled as enquiry-based learning in British English) is a form of active learning that starts by posing questions, problems or scenarios. It contrasts with traditional education, which generally relies on the teacher presenting facts and their own knowledge about the subject. Inquiry-based learning is often assisted by a facilitator rather than a lecturer. Inquirers will identify and research issues and questions to develop knowledge or solutions. Inquiry-based learning includes problem-based learning, and is generally used in small scale investigations and projects, as well as research. The inquiry-based instruction is principally very closely related to the development and practice of thinking and problem solving skills. History Inquiry-based learning is primarily a pedagogical method, developed during the discovery learning movement of the 1960s as a response to traditional forms of instruction—where people were required to memorize informat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Direct Instruction
Direct Instruction (DI) is a term for the explicit teaching of a skill-set using lectures or demonstrations of the material to students. A particular subset of direct instruction, denoted by capitalization as Direct Instruction, refers to a specific example of the approach developed by Siegfried Engelmann and Wesley C. Becker. DI teaches by explicit instruction, Explicit Instruction. LearnLab. Pittsburgh Science of Learning Center. Retrieved 2017-06-12. in contrast to exploratory models such as . DI includes s, participatory laboratory classes, [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constructivist Learning
Constructivism may refer to: Art and architecture * Constructivism (art), an early 20th-century artistic movement that extols art as a practice for social purposes * Constructivist architecture, an architectural movement in Russia in the 1920s and 1930s Education * Constructivism (philosophy of education), a theory about the nature of learning that focuses on how humans make meaning from their experiences * Constructivism in science education * Constructivist teaching methods, based on constructivist learning theory Mathematics * Constructivism (philosophy of mathematics), a logic for founding mathematics that accepts only objects that can be effectively constructed * Constructivist type theory Philosophy * Constructivism (philosophy of mathematics), a philosophical view that asserts the necessity of constructing a mathematical object to prove that it exists * Constructivism (philosophy of science), a philosophical view maintaining that science consists of mental constructs c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Direct Instruction
Direct Instruction (DI) is a term for the explicit teaching of a skill-set using lectures or demonstrations of the material to students. A particular subset of direct instruction, denoted by capitalization as Direct Instruction, refers to a specific example of the approach developed by Siegfried Engelmann and Wesley C. Becker. DI teaches by explicit instruction, Explicit Instruction. LearnLab. Pittsburgh Science of Learning Center. Retrieved 2017-06-12. in contrast to exploratory models such as . DI includes s, participatory laboratory classes, [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constructivism (philosophy Of Education)
Constructivism may refer to: Art and architecture * Constructivism (art), an early 20th-century artistic movement that extols art as a practice for social purposes * Constructivist architecture, an architectural movement in Russia in the 1920s and 1930s Education * Constructivism (philosophy of education), a theory about the nature of learning that focuses on how humans make meaning from their experiences * Constructivism in science education * Constructivist teaching methods, based on constructivist learning theory Mathematics * Constructivism (philosophy of mathematics), a logic for founding mathematics that accepts only objects that can be effectively constructed * Constructivist type theory Philosophy * Constructivism (philosophy of mathematics), a philosophical view that asserts the necessity of constructing a mathematical object to prove that it exists * Constructivism (philosophy of science), a philosophical view maintaining that science consists of mental constructs cre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transfer Of Learning
Transfer of learning occurs when people apply information, strategies, and skills they have learned to a new situation or context. Transfer is not a discrete activity, but is rather an integral part of the learning process. Researchers attempt to identify when and how transfer occurs and to offer strategies to improve transfer. Overview The ''formal discipline'' (or ''mental discipline'') approach to learning believed that specific mental faculties could be strengthened by particular courses of training and that these strengthened faculties transferred to other situations, based on faculty psychology which viewed the mind as a collection of separate modules or faculties assigned to various mental tasks. This approach resulted in school curricula that required students to study subjects such as mathematics and Latin in order to strengthen reasoning and memory faculties. Disputing formal discipline, Edward Thorndike and Robert S. Woodworth in 1901 postulated that the transfer of l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Intelligent Tutoring Systems
An intelligent tutoring system (ITS) is a computer system that aims to provide immediate and customized instruction or feedback to learners, usually without requiring intervention from a human teacher. ITSs have the common goal of enabling learning in a meaningful and effective manner by using a variety of computing technologies. There are many examples of ITSs being used in both formal education and professional settings in which they have demonstrated their capabilities and limitations. There is a close relationship between intelligent tutoring, cognitive learning theories and design; and there is ongoing research to improve the effectiveness of ITS. An ITS typically aims to replicate the demonstrated benefits of one-to-one, personalized tutoring, in contexts where students would otherwise have access to one-to-many instruction from a single teacher (e.g., classroom lectures), or no teacher at all (e.g., online homework). ITSs are often designed with the goal of providing acces ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
