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Satellite Network
Radio communication service or radiocommunication service is according to Article 1.19 of the International Telecommunication Union, International Telecommunication Union's ITU Radio Regulations, Radio Regulations (ITU RR),ITU Radio Regulations, Section III – Radio services, Article 1.19, definition: Radiocommunication service defined as “a service…involving the Signal transmission, transmission, Emission (radiocommunications), emission and/or reception of radio waves for specific telecommunication purposes”. Radiocommunication is sub-divided into space and terrestrial radiocommunication. Space radiocommunication is defined in RR Article 1 as “any radiocommunication involving the use of one or more space stations or the use of one or more reflecting satellites or other objects in space”. Terrestrial radiocommunication is defined as “any radiocommunication other than space radiocommunication or radio astronomy”. Types Section III of Article 1 of the ITU Radio Regu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hami
Hami (Kumul) is a prefecture-level city in Eastern Xinjiang, China. It is well known as the home of sweet Hami melons. In early 2016, the former Hami county-level city was merged with Hami Prefecture to form the Hami prefecture-level city with the county-level city becoming Yizhou District. Since the Han dynasty, Hami has been known for its production of agricultural products and raw resources. Origins and names Cumuḍa (sometimes ''Cimuda'' or ''Cunuda'') is the oldest known endonym of Hami, when it was founded by a people known in Han Chinese sources as the '' Xiao Yuezhi'' ("Lesser Yuezhi"), during the 1st millennium BCE. The oldest attested Chinese names is "" (; by the time of the Han dynasty it was referred to in Chinese as "" () or "" (), in the Tang dynasty as , . By the 10th century CE, the city and its residents were known to the Han as "" (). A monk named Gao Juhui, who had traveled to the Tarim Basin, wrote that the ''Zhongyun'' were descendants of the ''Xiao Yu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maritime Mobile-satellite Service
Maritime mobile-satellite service (MMSS, or maritime mobile-satellite radiocommunication service) is – according to Article 1.29 of the International Telecommunication Union's Radio Regulations (RR) – "A mobile-satellite service in which mobile earth stations are located on board ships; survival craft stations and emergency position-indicating radiobeacon stations may also participate in this service", in addition to serving as navigation systems. Classification This radiocommunication service is classified in accordance with ''ITU Radio Regulations'' (article 1) as follows: Mobile service *Maritime mobile service (article 1.28) **Maritime mobile-satellite service ** Port operations service (article 1.30) **Ship movement service (article 1.31) Frequency allocation The allocation of radio frequencies is provided according to ''Article 5'' of the ITU Radio Regulations (edition 2012).''ITU Radio Regulations, CHAPTER II – Frequencies, ARTICLE 5 Frequency allocations, Section I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radionavigation Service
Radio navigation or radionavigation is the application of radio frequencies to determine a position of an object on the Earth, either the vessel or an obstruction. Like radiolocation, it is a type of radiodetermination. The basic principles are measurements from/to electric beacons, especially * Angular directions, e.g. by bearing, radio phases or interferometry, * Distances, e.g. ranging by measurement of time of flight between one transmitter and multiple receivers or vice versa, * Distance ''differences'' by measurement of times of arrival of signals from one transmitter to multiple receivers or vice versa * Partly also velocity, e.g. by means of radio Doppler shift. Combinations of these measurement principles also are important—e.g., many radars measure range and azimuth of a target. Bearing-measurement systems These systems used some form of directional radio antenna to determine the location of a broadcast station on the ground. Conventional navigation techniques ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radiodetermination-satellite Service
Radiodetermination-satellite service is – according to ''Article 1.41'' of the International Telecommunication Union, International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) ITU Radio Regulations, Radio Regulations (RR) – defined as «''A radiocommunication service for the purpose of radiodetermination involving the use of one or more space radio station, space stations. This service may also include feeder links necessary for its own operation''.» ;See also: Classification This ''radiocommunication service'' is classified in accordance with ''ITU Radio Regulations'' (article 1) as follows: Radiodetermination service (article 1.40) *Radiodetermination-satellite service (article 1.41) *Radionavigation service (article 1.42) *Radiolocation service (article 1.48) The below depicted satellites are carrier of space radio stations dedicated to the radiodetermination-satellite service QuikScat.jpg, OSTM-06.jpg, Icesat.jpg, Frequency allocation The allocation of radio frequencies i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radiodetermination Service
As defined by FS-1037C and ITU Radio Regulations, radiodeterminationITU Radio Regulations, Section IV. Radio Stations and Systems – Article 1.9, definition: ''radiodetermination'' is: "the determination of the position, velocity or other characteristics of an object, or the obtaining of information relating to these parameters, by means of the propagation properties of radio waves''." There are two main fields to radiodetermination: * radionavigation: "used for the purposes of navigation, including obstruction warning", which is mainly active; * radiolocation: "used for purposes other than those of radionavigation", which is mainly passive. Examples Radiotriangulation.jpg, Triangulation using radiodetermination British Post Office interference finding truck 1927.jpg, British Post Office mobile RDF, 1927 NSGA Galeta Island Site.jpg, Direction-finding system Galeta Island Pelengator.jpg, Direction finder with direction-finding aerial International regulation Radiodeterminat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Broadcasting-satellite Service
Broadcasting-satellite service (short: BSS | also: ''broadcasting-satellite radiocommunication service '') is – according to ''Article 1.39'' of the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) Radio Regulations (RR) – defined as ''«A radiocommunication service in which signals transmitted or retransmitted by space stations are intended for direct reception by the general public. In the broadcasting-satellite service, the term “direct reception” shall encompass both individual reception and community reception''.» ;See also: Classification This ''radiocommunication service'' is classified in accordance with ''ITU Radio Regulations'' (article 1) as follows: Broadcasting service (article 1.38) *Broadcasting-satellite service (article 1.32) Alhurra's studio -- February 2011.jpg, TVSatellitesOrbits.png, Satellite footprints.jpg, Insat3e.jpg, TVSat TDF-1 80 Pf.png, Offset Schotelantenne.jpg, Kathrein UFD 08.jpg, Hubert Schlafly with earth station.jpg, F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Broadcasting Service
Radio broadcasting is transmission of audio signal, audio (sound), sometimes with related metadata, by radio waves to radio receivers belonging to a public audience. In terrestrial radio broadcasting the radio waves are broadcast by a land-based radio station, while in satellite radio the radio waves are broadcast by a satellite in Earth orbit. To receive the content the listener must have a Radio receiver, broadcast radio receiver (''radio''). Stations are often affiliated with a radio network which provides content in a common radio format, either in broadcast syndication or simulcast or both. Radio stations broadcast with several different types of modulation: AM radio stations transmit in AM (amplitude modulation), FM radio stations transmit in FM (frequency modulation), which are older analog audio standards, while newer digital radio stations transmit in several digital audio standards: DAB (digital audio broadcasting), HD radio, DRM (Digital Radio Mondiale). Tele ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aeronautical Mobile-satellite (OR) Service
Aeronautical mobile-satellite (OR)°° service (short: AMS(R)S; | also: ''aeronautical mobile-satellite (R) radiocommunication service'') is – according to ''Article 1.37'' of the International Telecommunication Union, International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) ITU Radio Regulations, Radio Regulations (RR) – defined as «''An aeronautical mobile-satellite service reserved for communications relating to safety and regularity of flights, primarily outside national or international civil air routes''.» ;See also: Classification This ''radiocommunication service'' is classified in accordance with ''ITU Radio Regulations'' (article 1) as follows: Mobile service (article 1.24) *Aeronautical mobile service (article 1.32) **Aeronautical mobile-satellite service (article 1.35) ***Aeronautical mobile-satellite (R) service, Aeronautical mobile-satellite (R)° service (article 1.36) ***Aeronautical mobile-satellite (OR)°° service (article 1.37) (R)° – abbreviation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aeronautical Mobile-satellite (R) Service
Aeronautical mobile-satellite (R)° service (short: AMS(R)S; | also: ''aeronautical mobile-satellite (R) radiocommunication service'') is – according to ''Article 1.36'' of the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) Radio Regulations (RR) – defined as «''An aeronautical mobile-satellite service reserved for communications relating to safety and regularity of flights, primarily along national or international civil air routes''.» ;See also: Classification This ''radiocommunication service'' is classified in accordance with ''ITU Radio Regulations'' (article 1) as follows: Mobile service (article 1.24) *Aeronautical mobile service (article 1.32) **Aeronautical mobile-satellite service (article 1.35) ***Aeronautical mobile-satellite (R)° service *** Aeronautical mobile-satellite (OR)°° service (article 1.37) (R)° – abbreviation to route flights (route) (OR)°° – abbreviation to flights others than on routes (off-route) Frequency allocation The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aeronautical Mobile-satellite Service
Aeronautical mobile-satellite service (short: AMSS; | also: ''aeronautical mobile-satellite radiocommunication service'') is – according to ''Article 1.35'' of the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) Radio Regulations (RR) – defined as ''«A mobile-satellite service in which mobile earth stations are located on board aircraft; survival craft stations and emergency position-indicating radiobeacon stations may also participate in this service. ''. » ;See also: Classification This ''radiocommunication service'' is classified in accordance with ''ITU Radio Regulations'' (article 1) as follows: Mobile service (article 1.24) *Aeronautical mobile service (article 1.32) **Aeronautical mobile-satellite service *** Aeronautical mobile-satellite (R)° service (article 1.36) *** Aeronautical mobile-satellite (OR)°° service (article 1.37) (R)° = abbreviation to route flights (route)(OR)°° = abbreviation to flights others than on routes (off-route) Frequenc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aeronautical Mobile (OR) Service
Aeronautical mobile (OR) service (short: AMS; also: aeronautical mobile radiocommunication service) is – according to ''Article 1.34'' of the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) Radio Regulations (RR) – defined as "''An aeronautical mobile service intended for communications, including those relating to flight coordination, primarily outside national or international civil air routes''". Classification Variations of this radiocommunication service in line to the ITU Radio Regulations article 1 are as follows: : Mobile service (article 1.24) :* Aeronautical mobile service (article 1.32) :** Aeronautical mobile (R) service (article 1.33) :** Aeronautical mobile (OR) service (article 1.33) :** Aeronautical mobile-satellite service (article 1.35) :*** Aeronautical mobile-satellite (R) service (article 1.36) :*** Aeronautical mobile-satellite (OR) service (article 1.37) ; R: Route; flights on routes ; OR: Off-route; flights other than on routes Frequency allocation The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aeronautical Mobile (R) Service
Aeronautical mobile (R) service (short: AM(R)S; | also: ''aeronautical mobile radiocommunication (R) service'') is – according to ''Article 1.33'' of the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) Radio Regulations (RR) – defined as ''«An aeronautical mobile service reserved for communications relating to safety and regularity of flight, primarily along national or international civil air routes.»'' This service is a so-called safety-of-life service, must be protected for Interferences, and is essential part of air traffic control. ;See also: Classification This ''radiocommunication service'' is classified in accordance with ''ITU Radio Regulations'' (article 1) as follows: Mobile service (article 1.24) *Aeronautical mobile service (article 1.32) **Aeronautical mobile (R)° service (article 1.33) ** Aeronautical mobile (OR)°° (article 1.34) **Aeronautical mobile-satellite service (article 1.35) *** Aeronautical mobile-satellite (R)° service (article 1.3 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
