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Sapheosaur
Sapheosaurs are an extinct group of rhynchocephalian reptiles from the Late Jurassic period. "Sapheosaurs" is an informal name for a group of rhynchocephalians closely related to the genus ''Sapheosaurus''. It was first recognized as a group containing multiple genera by Hoffstetter in 1955. The group has sometimes been given a formal taxonomic name as the family Sapheosauridae, although in some analyses this group belongs to the family Sphenodontidae (which also contains the tuatara, the only living rhynchocephalian) and thus cannot be assigned its own family. They were fairly advanced rhynchocephalians which may have had semiaquatic habits. Classification The most well-known members of the group are ''Sapheosaurus'' and ''Kallimodon'', and most phylogenetic analyses on rhynchocephalians only study these two genera as representatives of sapheosaurs. Although a few early phylogenies in the 1990s did not find that these two formed a natural clade, the relation between these two i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sapheosaurus Laticeps Teylers
''Sapheosaurus'' was an extinct genus of Late Jurassic Sphenodontia, sphenodont. Its skull was longer and narrower than that of ''Homoeosaurus''. It was classified as a genus of sapheosaur by Michael Benton in 1985. It reached a length of 70 cm from snout to tail. ''Sapheosaurus'' belongs to the clade Sapheosauridae, that also includes other taxa like ''Kallimodon''. It is believed to be one of two aquatic sphenodont lineages, with Pleurosauridae being the other.Marc E. H. Jones, Skull shape and feeding strategy in Sphenodon and other Rhynchocephalia (Diapsida: Lepidosauria), Article in Journal of Morphology 269(8):945-66 · August 2008 DOI: 10.1002/jmor.10634 · Source: PubMed Species ''Sapheosaurus laticeps'' (also known as ''Piocormus'') differed from ''Sapheosaurus thiollierei'' by its smaller size and more vertebrae. ''S. thiollierei'' had 22 back and neck vertebrae, while ''S. laticeps'' had 26. Also, the two differ in relative limb length. ''S. laticeps'' lived in F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sapheosaurus
''Sapheosaurus'' was an extinct genus of Late Jurassic Sphenodontia, sphenodont. Its skull was longer and narrower than that of ''Homoeosaurus''. It was classified as a genus of sapheosaur by Michael Benton in 1985. It reached a length of 70 cm from snout to tail. ''Sapheosaurus'' belongs to the clade Sapheosauridae, that also includes other taxa like ''Kallimodon''. It is believed to be one of two aquatic sphenodont lineages, with Pleurosauridae being the other.Marc E. H. Jones, Skull shape and feeding strategy in Sphenodon and other Rhynchocephalia (Diapsida: Lepidosauria), Article in Journal of Morphology 269(8):945-66 · August 2008 DOI: 10.1002/jmor.10634 · Source: PubMed Species ''Sapheosaurus laticeps'' (also known as ''Piocormus'') differed from ''Sapheosaurus thiollierei'' by its smaller size and more vertebrae. ''S. thiollierei'' had 22 back and neck vertebrae, while ''S. laticeps'' had 26. Also, the two differ in relative limb length. ''S. laticeps'' lived in F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhynchocephalia
Rhynchocephalia (; ) is an order of lizard-like reptiles that includes only one living species, the tuatara (''Sphenodon punctatus'') of New Zealand. Despite its current lack of diversity, during the Mesozoic rhynchocephalians were a diverse group including a wide array of morphologically distinct forms. The oldest record of the group is dated to the Middle Triassic around 238 to 240 million years ago, and they had achieved a worldwide distribution by the Early Jurassic. Most rhynchocephalians belong to the group Sphenodontia ('wedge-teeth'). Their closest living relatives are lizards and snakes in the order Squamata, with the two orders being grouped together in the superorder Lepidosauria. Many of the niches occupied by lizards today were held by sphenodontians during the Triassic and Jurassic, although lizard diversity began to overtake sphenodontian diversity in the Cretaceous, and they had disappeared almost entirely by the beginning of the Cenozoic. While the modern tuat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kallimodon
''Kallimodon'' is a genus of sphenodont from the Late Jurassic of Bavaria, southern Germany. Systematics ''Kallimodon'' was originally described as a species of ''Homoeosaurus'' by Karl von Zittel in 1887. However, in 1963 it was renamed ''Kallimodon'' due to differences from the ''Homoeosaurus'' type species. In 1997, ''Kallimodon'' was sunk as a junior synonym of ''Leptosaurus ''Leptosaurus'' is a genus of sphenodont from the Late Jurassic of Bavaria, southern Germany. ''Kallimodon'', at times synonymized with ''Leptosaurus'', is actually a distinct genus more closely related to ''Sapheosaurus ''Sapheosaurus'' was ...'', with the type species referred to as ''L. pulchellus''. However, subsequent studies find ''Kallimodon'' to be valid and distinct from ''Leptosaurus'', being closely related to ''Sapheosaurus''. One specimen previously referred to this genus is actually a distinct taxon.Oliver W. M. Rauhut & Adriana López-Arbarello (2015) Zur Taxonomie der Brückenechse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leptosaurus
''Leptosaurus'' is a genus of sphenodont from the Late Jurassic of Bavaria, southern Germany. ''Kallimodon'', at times synonymized with ''Leptosaurus'', is actually a distinct genus more closely related to ''Sapheosaurus ''Sapheosaurus'' was an extinct genus of Late Jurassic Sphenodontia, sphenodont. Its skull was longer and narrower than that of ''Homoeosaurus''. It was classified as a genus of sapheosaur by Michael Benton in 1985. It reached a length of 70 ...''.Oliver W. M. Rauhut & Adriana López-Arbarello (2015) Zur Taxonomie der Brückenechse aus dem oberen Jura von Schamhaupten. n the taxonomy of rhynchocephalians from the Late Jurassic of Schamhaupten''Archaeopteryx'' 33: 1-11 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/301517359_Zur_Taxonomie_der_Bruckenechse_aus_dem_oberen_Jura_von_Schamhaupten_On_the_taxonomy_of_the_rhynchocephalian_from_the_Late_Jurassic_of_Schamhaupten References {{Taxonbar, from=Q6528317 Sphenodontia Late Jurassic reptiles of Europe [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vadasaurus
''Vadasaurus'' is an extinct genus of rhynchocephalian closely related to the aquatic pleurosaurids. Although this genus was not as specialized as the eel-like pleurosaurs for aquatic life, various skeletal features support the idea that it had a semiaquatic lifestyle. The type species, ''Vadasaurus herzogi'', was described and named in 2017. It was discovered in the Solnhofen Limestone in Germany, which is dated to the Late Jurassic. The generic name "''Vadasaurus"'' is derived from "''vadare''", which is Latin for "to go" or "to walk forth", and "''saurus''", which means "lizard" (although rhynchocephalians are not lizards). "''Vadare"'' is the root of the English word "wade", which is the reason it was chosen for this genus, in reference to its perceived semiaquatic habits. The specific name, "''herzogi''", refers to Werner Herzog, a Bavarian filmmaker. Description The holotype of ''Vadasaurus herzogi'' is AMNH FARB 32768, a well-preserved but slightly flattened skeleton ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pamizinsaurus
''Pamizinisaurus'' is a genus of sphenodontian reptile known from Lower Cretaceous (Albian) Tlayúa Formation of Mexico. A crushed skeleton of a juvenile reptile was found in Tlayua Quarry, in central Mexico. It was named ''Pamizinsaurus tlayuaensis'' by Reynoso in 1997, after the name of the quarry of which it was found. Its skull length is . The fossil was covered in small round osteoderms that could have protected it from predators. Relatives Reynoso (1997) argued that ''Pamizinsaurus'' was a genus of the subfamily Sphenodontinae; grouping it with the modern ''Sphenodon'' (better known as the ''Tuatara''), '' Zapatadon'', '' Cynosphenodon'', ''Homoeosaurus'', ''Sapheosaurus'', and ''Ankylosphenodon ''Ankylosphenodon'' is an extinct species of sphenodontian known from Tepexi de Rodriguez, Mexico. It is known from Early Cretaceous sedimentary deposits from the Tlayua formation. Lifestyle ''Ankylosphenodon'' is thought to have been an aqu ...''. References External ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sphenocondor
''Sphenocondor'' is an extinct genus of sphenodontian reptile from the Early Jurassic Cañadón Asfalto Formation of Argentina. Phylogeny A phylogenetic analysis performed by Apestiguia et al. (2012) resulted in the following tree which shows the relationship of ''Sphenocondor'' to other rhynchocephalia Rhynchocephalia (; ) is an order of lizard-like reptiles that includes only one living species, the tuatara (''Sphenodon punctatus'') of New Zealand. Despite its current lack of diversity, during the Mesozoic rhynchocephalians were a diverse g ...ns: References Prehistoric reptile genera Jurassic lepidosaurs Middle Jurassic reptiles of South America Cañadón Asfalto Formation Fossil taxa described in 2012 {{jurassic-reptile-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ankylosphenodon
''Ankylosphenodon'' is an extinct species of sphenodontian known from Tepexi de Rodriguez, Mexico. It is known from Early Cretaceous sedimentary deposits from the Tlayua formation. Lifestyle ''Ankylosphenodon'' is thought to have been an aquatic reptile due to its pachyostotic skeleton and other anatomical features often seen in aquatic animals. There is also evidence that its teeth were constantly growing throughout its lifetime, which may be indicative of herbivory, a rare characteristic among Lepidosauria The Lepidosauria (, from Greek meaning ''scaled lizards'') is a subclass or superorder of reptiles, containing the orders Squamata and Rhynchocephalia. Squamata includes snakes, lizards, and amphisbaenians. Squamata contains over 9,000 species .... References Sphenodontia Cretaceous reptiles of North America Prehistoric reptile genera {{Cretaceous-reptile-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Homoeosaurus
''Homoeosaurus'' is an extinct genus of sphenodont reptile. It was found in limestone in Bavaria, Germany, as well as in France and the United Kingdom. It was related to the modern tuatara, though it was a considerably more gracile. There were several species varying greatly in size and morphology.G. A. Boulenger, (1891) On British Remains of ''Homœosaurus'', with Remarks on the Classification of the Rhynchocephalia Rhynchocephalia (; ) is an order of lizard-like reptiles that includes only one living species, the tuatara (''Sphenodon punctatus'') of New Zealand. Despite its current lack of diversity, during the Mesozoic rhynchocephalians were a diverse g .... Article in ''Journal of Zoology'' 59(1):167 - 172. DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.1891.tb06820.x References Jurassic lepidosaurs Sphenodontia Solnhofen fauna Late Jurassic reptiles of Europe Prehistoric reptile genera {{jurassic-reptile-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pleurosauridae
Pleurosauridae is an extinct family of sphenodontian reptiles, known from the Jurassic of Europe. Members of the family had long-snake like bodies with reduced limbs that were adapted for aquatic life in marine environments. It contains two genera, ''Palaeopleurosaurus,'' which is known from the Early Jurassic (Toarcian) Posidonia Shale of Germany, as well as ''Pleurosaurus'' from the Late Jurassic of Germany and France. ''Paleopleurosaurus'' is more primitive than the later ''Pleurosaurus'', with a skull similar to those of other sphenodontians, while that of ''Pleurosaurus'' is highly modified relative to other sphendontians. They likely swam via anguilliform locomotion.Dupret, V. (2004). The pleurosaurs: anatomy and phylogeny. ''Revue de Paléobiologie'', 9: 61-8/ref> ''Vadasaurus'' and ''Derasmosaurus ''Derasmosaurus'' is an extinct species of rhynchocephalian known from the Pietraroja Plattenkalk of Italy. It was originally considered to be a specimen of ''Lacerta brev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sphenovipera
''Sphenovipera jimmysjoyi'' is an extinct species of sphenodontian dated from the Middle Jurassic. If was discovered in the lower part of the La Boca Formation located in Tamaulipas, Mexico. Only the lower jaw of this organism has been discovered and studied. It is possibly the only species of rhynchocephalian yet discovered to show evidence of venom delivery. Etymology ''Sphenovipera'' was named by Reynoso in 2005. The name alludes to sphenodontians via ''Spheno-'' and ''-vipera'' is Latin for "venomous snake." Venom delivery The mandible of ''Sphenovipera jimmysjoyi'' has several characteristics indicative of venom delivery. This includes large curved fangs with grooves seen in other animals that use low-pressure venom delivery, such as colubrid snakes Snakes are elongated, limbless, carnivorous reptiles of the suborder Serpentes . Like all other squamates, snakes are ectothermic, amniote vertebrates covered in overlapping scales. Many species of snakes have skulls ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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