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Sanqiao Language
Sanqiao 三锹话 (三橇) is a mixed Dong–Miao language spoken in Liping County and Jinping County, Guizhou, China by about 6,000 people. The Sanqiao people sing traditional songs using the Suantang language (酸汤话), a Sinitic language that is similar to New Xiang. Classification Sanqiao vocabulary is about 30–40% Miao ( Hmu) and 40%-50% Dong ( Kam), with the remainder consisting of Chinese words.Yu Dazhong 达忠 2017. "Ethnic Interactions and the Formation of the Sanqiu People in the Borderland of Modern Hunan, Guizhou and Guangxi Provinces 代湘黔桂边区的族群互动和“三锹人”的形成. In ''Journal of Guizhou Education University'' 州师范学院学报 Vol. 33, No. 1 (Jan 2017). Sanqiao speakers can understand the local Dong and Miao dialects, but the Dong and Miao cannot understand the Sanqiao language. Distribution In Liping County and Jinping County, Guizhou, the Sanqiao live in just over 20 villages, with over 6,000 people (Yu 2017). ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guizhou
Guizhou (; formerly Kweichow) is a landlocked province in the southwest region of the People's Republic of China. Its capital and largest city is Guiyang, in the center of the province. Guizhou borders the autonomous region of Guangxi to the south, Yunnan to the west, Sichuan to the northwest, the municipality of Chongqing to the north, and Hunan to the east. The population of Guizhou stands at 38.5 million, ranking 18th among the provinces in China. The Dian Kingdom, which inhabited the present-day area of Guizhou, was annexed by the Han dynasty in 106 BC. Guizhou was formally made a province in 1413 during the Ming dynasty. After the overthrow of the Qing in 1911 and following the Chinese Civil War, the Chinese Communist Party took refuge in Guizhou during the Long March between 1934 and 1935. After the establishment of the People's Republic of China, Mao Zedong promoted the relocation of heavy industry into inland provinces such as Guizhou, to better protect them fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miao People
The Miao are a group of linguistically-related peoples living in Southern China and Southeast Asia, who are recognized by the government of China as one of the 56 List of ethnic groups in China, official ethnic groups. The Miao live primarily in southern China's mountains, in the provinces of Guizhou, Yunnan, Sichuan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi, Guangdong, and Hainan. Some sub-groups of the Miao, most notably the Hmong people, have migrated out of China into Southeast Asia (Myanmar, Northern Vietnam, Laos, and Thailand). Following the History of Laos since 1945#Communist Laos, communist takeover of Laos in 1975, a large group of Hmong refugees resettled in several Western nations, mainly in the United States, France, and Australia. Miao is a Chinese language, Chinese term, while the component groups of people have their own autonyms, such as (with some variant spellings) Hmong people, Hmong, Hmu, Qo Xiong language, Xong (Qo-Xiong), and A-Hmao. These people (except those in Hainan) spea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mixed Language
A mixed language is a language that arises among a bilingual group combining aspects of two or more languages but not clearly deriving primarily from any single language. It differs from a creole language, creole or pidgin, pidgin language in that, whereas creoles/pidgins arise where speakers of many languages acquire a common language, a mixed language typically arises in a population that is fluent in both of the source languages. Because all languages show some degree of mixing by virtue of containing Loanword, loanwords, it is a matter of controversy whether the concept of a mixed language can meaningfully be distinguished from the type of contact and borrowing seen in all languages.Arends et al. 1994 Scholars debate to what extent language mixture can be distinguished from other mechanisms such as code-switching, Stratum (linguistics), substrata, or lexical borrowing. Definitions Other terms used in linguistics for the concept of a mixed language include ''hybrid language'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dong Language (China)
The Kam language, also known as Gam (autonym: ''lix Gaeml''), or in Chinese, Dong or Tung-Chia, is a Kam–Sui language spoken by the Dong people. '' Ethnologue'' distinguishes three Kam varieties as separate but closely related languages. Dialects The Kam language can be divided into two major subdivisions, Southern Kam and Northern Kam (Yang & Edmondson 2008).Yang Tongyin and Jerold A. Edmondson (2008). "Kam." In Diller, Anthony, Jerold A. Edmondson, and Yongxian Luo ed. ''The Tai–Kadai Languages''. Routledge Language Family Series. Psychology Press, 2008. Northern Kam displays more Chinese influence and lacks vowel length contrast, while Southern Kam is more conservative. Language varieties closely related to or part of Kam include Cao Miao and Naxi Yao. A northern Pinghua variety called Tongdao Pinghua, spoken in Tongdao County, Hunan, has also been significantly influenced by Kam. ;Southern Kam *First lectal area: Róngjiāng Zhānglǔ (), Lípíng Hóngzhōu (), Jǐn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hmu Language
The Hmu language (''hveb Hmub''), also known as Qiandong Miao (黔东, Eastern Guizhou Miao), Central Miao, East Hmongic, or (somewhat ambiguously) Black Miao, is a dialect cluster of Hmongic languages of China. The best studied dialect is that of Yǎnghāo (养蒿) village, Taijiang County, Guizhou Province, China. Qanu (咯努), a Hmu variety, had 11,450 speakers as of 2000, and is spoken just south of Kaili City, Guizhou. The Qanu are ethnoculturally distinct from the other Hmu. Names Autonyms include ' in Kaili, ' in Jinping County, ' in Tianzhu County, ' in Huangping County, ' in some parts of Qiandongnan (''Miaoyu Jianzhi 苗语简志'' 1985), and ' in Rongshui Miao Autonomous County, Guangxi. Ná-Meo, spoken by the Mieu people of Cao Minh Commune, Tràng Định District, Lạng Sơn Province, Vietnam, may be closely related. Subdivisions and distribution Wang (1985) Wang Fushi (1985) groups the Qiandong Miao languages as follows. *Northern: 1,000,000 speakers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liping County
Liping County () is a county in the southeast of Guizhou province, China, bordering Hunan to the east and Guangxi to the southeast. It is part of the Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture. History The county was affected by the Miao rebellion of 1736-36. The county is home to many Dong people. *1322 (years to two years) set up a long lawsuit in Liping. The Liping government started to set up in 1413 to 1913, with a history of 500 years. *In 1283, eighty thousand people in the ancient state of the military and civilian (ancient state, this Leigh Bing Rory). To rule for two years (in 1322), the abolition of Zongguan Fu, Li Ping Village renamed Liping Zhai, in Ping lawsuit change Liping lawsuit, jurisdiction over 12 executive our, Huguang province state think appease our thought state, this cengong), Li Pingshi name. *On 1385, the abolition of Liping long lawsuit, built five Wei command division, military duct, administer 15 2 villages, 14 executive secretary. Ming Yongle e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jinping County, Guizhou
Jinping County () is a county in the east of Guizhou province, China, bordering Hunan to the east. It is under the administration of the Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture. Languages Dong Dong (also known as the Kam language The Kam language, also known as Gam (autonym: ''lix Gaeml''), or in Chinese, Dong or Tung-Chia, is a Kam–Sui language spoken by the Dong people. '' Ethnologue'' distinguishes three Kam varieties as separate but closely related languages. Di ...) is the most widely spoken non-Chinese language in Jinping County. The three main dialects of Dong are the Jiuzhai (), Datong (), and Qimeng () dialects (Tu & Yang 2008: 105). *Jiuzhai dialect (): Northern Dong, first lectal area. Spoken in Pingqiu (), Kuidan (), Gaoba (), Huangmen (), and Yandong () townships. Representative dialect: Pisuo Village () in Gaoba Township (). *Datong dialect (): Northern Dong, third lectal area. Spoken in Datong (), Suijiang (), and Xiudong () townships.'' Representativ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Xiang
New Xiang, also known as Chang-Yi (长益片 / 長益片) is the dominant form of Xiang Chinese. It is spoken in northeastern areas of Hunan, China adjacent to areas where Southwestern Mandarin and Gan are spoken. Under their influence, it has lost some of the conservative phonological characteristics that distinguish Old Xiang. While most linguists follow Yuan Jiahua in describing New Xiang as a subgroup of Xiang Chinese, Zhou Zhenhe and You Rujie classify it as Southwestern Mandarin. However, New Xiang is still very difficult for Mandarin speakers to understand, particularly the old style of New Xiang. Dialects and regions New Xiang-speaking cities and counties are mainly located in the northeast part of Hunan, the lower river of Xiang and Zi. The Changsha dialect is representative. There are three main subdialects under New Xiang. ; Chang-Tan : Urban Changsha, Changsha County, Wangcheng District, Ningxiang, Liuyang*, Xiangyin, Miluo, Nanxian, Urban Zhuzhou, Zhuzhou Count ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kam Language
The Kam language, also known as Gam (autonym: ''lix Gaeml''), or in Chinese, Dong or Tung-Chia, is a Kam–Sui language spoken by the Dong people. ''Ethnologue'' distinguishes three Kam varieties as separate but closely related languages. Dialects The Kam language can be divided into two major subdivisions, Southern Kam and Northern Kam (Yang & Edmondson 2008).Yang Tongyin and Jerold A. Edmondson (2008). "Kam." In Diller, Anthony, Jerold A. Edmondson, and Yongxian Luo ed. ''The Tai–Kadai Languages''. Routledge Language Family Series. Psychology Press, 2008. Northern Kam displays more Chinese influence and lacks vowel length contrast, while Southern Kam is more conservative. Language varieties closely related to or part of Kam include Cao Miao and Naxi Yao. A northern Pinghua variety called Tongdao Pinghua, spoken in Tongdao County, Hunan, has also been significantly influenced by Kam. ;Southern Kam *First lectal area: Róngjiāng Zhānglǔ (), Lípíng Hóngzhōu (), Jǐnp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hunan
Hunan (, ; ) is a landlocked province of the People's Republic of China, part of the South Central China region. Located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze watershed, it borders the province-level divisions of Hubei to the north, Jiangxi to the east, Guangdong and Guangxi to the south, Guizhou to the west and Chongqing to the northwest. Its capital and largest city is Changsha, which also abuts the Xiang River. Hengyang, Zhuzhou, and Yueyang are among its most populous urban cities. With a population of just over 66 million residing in an area of approximately , it is China's 7th most populous province, the fourth most populous among landlocked provinces, the second most populous in South Central China after Guangdong and the most populous province in Central China. It is the largest province in South-Central China and the fourth largest among landlocked provinces and the 10th most extensive province by area. Hunan's nominal GDP was US$ 724 billion (CNY 4.6 trillion) a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qiandongnan Miao And Dong Autonomous Prefecture
Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture (; Hmu language: ''Qeef Dongb Naif Dol Hmub Dol Gud Zid Zid Zeb''; Kam language: ''Qeens Donc Nanc Nyenc Miiul Nyenc Gaeml Zil Zl Zous''), also known as Southeast Qian Autonomous Prefecture of Miao and Dong () and can be shortened as S.E. Qian Prefecture (), is an autonomous prefecture in the southeast of Guizhou province in the People's Republic of China, bordering Hunan to the east and Guangxi to the south. The seat of the prefecture is Kaili. Qiandongnan has an area of . The whole state governs 1 city of Kaili and 15 counties. There are 7 streets, 94 towns, and 110 townships (including 17 ethnic townships). There are 33 ethnic groups living in the territory, including Miao, Dong, Han, Buyi, Shui, Yao, Zhuang, and Tujia. According to the seventh census data in China, as of 00:00 on November 1, 2020, the resident population of Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture was 3,758,622. Demographics As of 2018, Qiandongnan had a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
