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Saltykov-Schedrin
Mikhail Yevgrafovich Saltykov-Shchedrin ( rus, Михаи́л Евгра́фович Салтыко́в-Щедри́н, p=mʲɪxɐˈil jɪvˈɡrafəvʲɪtɕ səltɨˈkof ɕːɪˈdrʲin; – ), born Mikhail Yevgrafovich Saltykov and known during his lifetime by the pen name Nikolai Shchedrin ( rus, Николай Щедрин), was a major Russian writer and satirist of the 19th century. He spent most of his life working as a civil servant in various capacities. After the death of poet Nikolay Nekrasov, he acted as editor of a Russian literary magazine ''Otechestvenniye Zapiski'' until the Tsarist government banned it in 1884. In his works Saltykov mastered both stark realism and satirical grotesque merged with fantasy. His most famous works, the family chronicle novel ''The Golovlyov Family'' (1880) and the political novel ''The History of a Town'' (1870) became important works of 19th-century fiction, and Saltykov is regarded as a major figure of Russian literary Realism. Bi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Literature
Russian literature refers to the literature of Russia and its émigrés and to Russian language, Russian-language literature. The roots of Russian literature can be traced to the Middle Ages, when epics and chronicles in Old East Slavic were composed. By the Age of Enlightenment, literature had grown in importance, and from the early 1830s, Russian literature underwent an astounding golden age in poetry, prose and drama. Romanticism permitted a flowering of poetic talent: Vasily Zhukovsky and later his protégé Alexander Pushkin came to the fore. Prose was flourishing as well. Mikhail Lermontov was one of the most important poets and novelists. The first great Russian novelist was Nikolai Gogol. Then came Ivan Turgenev, who mastered both short stories and novels. Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Fyodor Dostoevsky and Leo Tolstoy soon became internationally renowned. Other important figures of Russian realism were Ivan Goncharov, Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin and Nikolai Leskov. In the second h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otechestvenniye Zapiski
''Otechestvennye Zapiski'' ( rus, Отечественные записки, p=ɐˈtʲetɕɪstvʲɪnːɨjɪ zɐˈpʲiskʲɪ, variously translated as "Annals of the Fatherland", "Patriotic Notes", "Notes of the Fatherland", etc.) was a Russian literary magazine published in Saint Petersburg on a monthly basis between 1818 and 1884. The journal served liberal-minded readers known as the ''intelligentsia''. Such major novels as Ivan Goncharov's ''Oblomov'' (1859), Fyodor Dostoyevsky's '' The Double'' (1846) and ''The Adolescent'' (1875) and Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin's ''The Golovlyov Family'' (1880) made their first appearance in ''Otechestvennye Zapiski''. Founded by Pavel Svinyin in 1818, the journal was published irregularly until 1820. It was closed down in 1830 but resurfaced several years later, with Andrey Krayevsky as its publisher. The renovated magazine regularly published articles by Vissarion Belinsky and Alexander Herzen, catering to well-educated liberals. Other notable ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1826 In Literature
This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1826. Events *Early months – Aftermath of the Decembrist revolt in the Russian Empire. Michael Lunin, though not involved in the Decembrist conspiracy, is arrested and deported to Siberia, which allows him to begin his work as a philosopher. Adam Mickiewicz, deported from Congress Poland for his involvement with Filaret Association, is moved from Taurida Governorate to Moscow. Here, he publishes his ''Sonety krymskie'' (The Crimean Sonnets). Later in the year, he befriends Russian writers, including Yevgeny Baratynsky, Mikhail Pogodin, Alexander Pushkin, and the '' Lyubomudry''. Pushkin, himself returning from political exile, still writes poems discreetly honoring the Decembrists. They include ''Stansy'' (Stanzas), as well as odes to Nikolay Mordvinov and Ivan Pushchin. *c. January – Japanese poet Kobayashi Issa, pained by his recent divorce, enters his final creative period with ''hokku'' expres ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pushkin House
The Pushkin House (russian: Пушкинский дом, Pushkinsky Dom), formally the Institute of Russian Literature (), is a research institute in St. Petersburg. It is part of a network of institutions affiliated with the Russian Academy of Sciences. History Establishment The Russian Literature Institute began its life in December 1905 as the main centre for Alexander Pushkin studies in Imperial Russia. A commission in charge of erecting a Pushkin monument in St. Petersburg, led by Sergei Oldenburg and Aleksey Shakhmatov, suggested a permanent institution be set up to preserve original Pushkin manuscripts: The idea won support from all sides and was welcomed by Grand Duke Constantine Constantinovich. It was understood that the Pushkin House would be housed in a purpose-built Neoclassical edifice, or Odeon, but the idea failed to materialize owing to lack of funds. In 1907 Vladimir Kokovtsov, Minister of Finance, came up with the proposal to acquire a huge collection ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anna Of Russia
Anna Ioannovna (russian: Анна Иоанновна; ), also russified as Anna Ivanovna and sometimes anglicized as Anne, served as regent of the duchy of Courland from 1711 until 1730 and then ruled as Empress of Russia from 1730 to 1740. Much of her administration was defined or heavily influenced by actions set in motion by her uncle, Peter the Great (), such as the lavish building projects in St. Petersburg, funding the Russian Academy of Science, and measures which generally favored the nobility, such as the repeal of a primogeniture law in 1730. In the West, Anna's reign was traditionally viewed as a continuation of the transition from the old Muscovy ways to the European court envisioned by Peter the Great. Within Russia, Anna's reign is often referred to as a "dark era". Early life Anna was born in Moscow as the daughter of Tsar Ivan V by his wife Praskovia Saltykova. Ivan V was co-ruler of Russia along with his younger half-brother Peter the Great, but he was mentally di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Praskovia Saltykova
Praskovia Fyodorovna Saltykova (russian: Прасковья Фёдоровна Салтыкова; 12 October 1664 – 13 October 1723) was the tsaritsa of Russia as the only wife of joint-Tsar Ivan V of Russia. She was the mother of Empress Anna of Russia. She played an important part as the most senior woman of the Russian court in 1698–1712. Life Praskovia Fyodorovna was by birth member of an old Saltykov family. Born as an elder daughter of and of a certain Yekaterina Fyodorovna or of Anna Mikhailovna Tatischeva Empress The marriage of Ivan V was arranged by his sister, the regent Sophia, who wished to ensure the next heir to the throne through Ivan and his faction of the family rather than from his half brother and co-Tsar, Peter. Sophia was at the time the ruler of Russia in place of the two Tsars: the underage Peter and the mentally challenged Ivan. Reportedly, Prince Vasily Golitsyn advised Sophia that when Ivan V had a son, she could appoint Ivan's son to be his c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsaritsa
Tsarina or tsaritsa (also spelled ''csarina'' or ''csaricsa'', ''tzarina'' or ''tzaritza'', or ''czarina'' or ''czaricza''; bg, царица, tsaritsa; sr, / ; russian: царица, tsaritsa) is the title of a female autocratic ruler (monarch) of Bulgaria, Serbia or Russia, or the title of a tsar's wife. The English spelling is derived from the German ''czarin'' or ''zarin'', in the same way as the French ''tsarine''/''czarine'', and the Spanish and Italian ''czarina''/''zarina''. (A tsar's daughter is a tsarevna.) "Tsarina" or "tsaritsa" was the title of the female supreme ruler in the following states: *Bulgaria: in 913–1018, in 1185–1422 and in 1908–1946 *Serbia: in 1346–1371 *Russia: officially from about 1547 until 1721, unofficially in 1721–1917 (officially "Empresses"). Russia Since 1721, the official titles of the Russian male and female monarchs were emperor () and empress () or empress consort, respectively. Officially the last Russian tsarina was Eud ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sołtyk Coat Of Arms
Sołtyk - is a Polish coat of arms. It was used by several szlachta families in the times of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. History Blazon Notable bearers Notable bearers of this coat of arms include: * Tomasz Sołtyk * Kajetan Sołtyk * Stanisław Sołtyk * Roman Sołtyk See also * Polish heraldry * Heraldry * List of Polish nobility coats of arms A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: People * List (surname) Organizations * List College, an undergraduate division of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America * SC Germania List, German rugby union ... Sources Dynastic Genealogy Ornatowski.com Polish coats of arms {{poland-heraldry-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish Heraldry
Polish heraldry is the study of the coats of arms that have historically been used in Poland and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. It treats of specifically Polish heraldic traits and of the Polish heraldic system, contrasted with heraldic systems used elsewhere, notably in Western Europe. Due to the distinctive ways in which feudal societies evolved, Poland's heraldic traditions differ substantially from those of the German lands, France, and the British Isles. Polish heraldry is an integral part of the history of the Polish ''szlachta'' (nobility). History Unlike Western Europe, in Poland, the did not emerge exclusively from the feudal class of knights but stemmed in great part from earlier Slavic local rulers and free warriors and mercenaries. Rulers often hired these free warriors and mercenaries to form military units ( pl, Drużyna) and eventually, in the 11th century during the time of Casimir I the Restorer with the development of feudalism, armies paid by the Pri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Explanatory Dictionary Of The Living Great Russian Language
The ''Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language'' (russian: link=no, Толко́вый слова́рь живо́го великору́сского языка́), commonly known as ''Dal's Explanatory Dictionary'' (russian: Толко́вый слова́рь Да́ля, links=no), is a major explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. It contains about 220,000 words and 30,000 proverbs (3rd edition). It was collected, edited and published by academician Vladimir Ivanovich Dal (russian: Влади́мир Ива́нович Даль, links=no; 1801–1872), one of the most prominent Russian language lexicographers and folklore collectors of the 19th century. ''Dal's Explanatory Dictionary'' of the Great Russian language was the only substantial dictionary printed repeatedly (1935, 1955) in the Soviet Union in compliance with the old rules of spelling and alphabet, which were repealed in 1918. History and features The author shows his specific understa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Old Church Slavonic
Old Church Slavonic or Old Slavonic () was the first Slavic languages, Slavic literary language. Historians credit the 9th-century Byzantine Empire, Byzantine missionaries Saints Cyril and Methodius with Standard language, standardizing the language and using it in translating the Bible and other Ancient Greek ecclesiastical texts as part of the Christianization of the Slavs. It is thought to have been based primarily on the dialect of the 9th-century Sclaveni, Byzantine Slavs living in the Thessalonica (theme), Province of Thessalonica (in present-day Greece). Old Church Slavonic played an important role in the history of the Slavic languages and served as a basis and model for later Church Slavonic traditions, and some Eastern Orthodox Church, Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic Churches, Eastern Catholic churches use this later Church Slavonic as a liturgical language to this day. As the oldest attested Slavic language, OCS provides important evidence for the features of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Velvet Book
The Velvet Book (russian: Бархатная книга, Barkhatnaya kniga) was an official register of genealogy, genealogies of Russia's most noble families (Russian nobility). The book is bound in red velvet, hence the name.The Velvet Book in the Great Soviet Encyclopaedia It was compiled during the regency of Sophia of Russia, Sophia (1682–1687) after Tsar Fyodor III of Russia abolished the old system of ranks (''mestnichestvo'') and all the ancient pedigree books had been burnt to prevent contention between the feuding aristocratic clans. The Velvet Book includes the ancient genealogical register from 1555 (''Gosudarev Rodoslovets'') featuring the family tree ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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