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Safavid Qandahar
The province of Qandahar () was an eastern province of Safavid Iran centered around the city of Qandahar, and one of the four provinces of the Khorasan administrative region. It was composed of eight lower-ranking dependencies, Bost-Gereskh, Zamindavar, K.ri (Duki?), Y.ki (Chutiyali?), Garmsir-e Qandahar, Ghuriyan and the tribal district of the Hazaras, which included Qalat. List of governors This is a list of the known figures who governed Qandahar. ''Beglerbeg'', ''hakem'' and ''vali'' were all administrative titles designating the governor. References Sources * * {{Safavid Provinces Qandahar 16th century in Iran 17th century in Iran 18th century in Iran Qandahar Kandahar (; Kandahār, , Qandahār) is a city in Afghanistan, located in the south of the country on the Arghandab River, at an elevation of . It is Afghanistan's second largest city after Kabul, with a population of about 614,118. It is the ca ... History of Kandahar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Safavid Iran
Safavid Iran or Safavid Persia (), also referred to as the Safavid Empire, '. was one of the greatest Iranian empires after the 7th-century Muslim conquest of Persia, which was ruled from 1501 to 1736 by the Safavid dynasty. It is often considered the beginning of modern Iranian history, as well as one of the gunpowder empires. The Safavid Shāh Ismā'īl I established the Twelver denomination of Shīʿa Islam as the official religion of the empire, marking one of the most important turning points in the history of Islam. An Iranian dynasty rooted in the Sufi Safavid order founded by Kurdish sheikhs, it heavily intermarried with Turkoman, Georgian, Circassian, and Pontic GreekAnthony Bryer. "Greeks and Türkmens: The Pontic Exception", ''Dumbarton Oaks Papers, Vol. 29'' (1975), Appendix II "Genealogy of the Muslim Marriages of the Princesses of Trebizond" dignitaries and was Turkish-speaking and Turkified. From their base in Ardabil, the Safavids established control ove ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otar Beg
Otar Beg, also known as Otar Khan, later known as Zu al-Faqār Khan (born circa. 1583, – died 1662/63), was a Safavid military commander, royal ''gholam'', and official from the Georgian Baratashvili- Orbelishvili (Orbeliani) clan. Biography Not much is known about the early life of Otar Beg. His original family name was Baratashvili-Orbelishvili, which is also referred to as Orbeliani and Qaplanshvili. His father's name was Aslamaz and he had two younger brothers, Vakhushti and Gorjasbi (Mansur), who also held prominent positions like him. According to Alexander Orbeliani (1802–1869), Otar had one more brother named Kaykhosrow. He furthermore had a known younger cousin named Qaplan Baratashili-Orbelishvili (Orbeliani) (?–1671), who had fled to mainland Iran in the early 17th century after the death of his father Erizbar Baratashvili-Orbelishvili, the latter being therefore Otar's uncle. Otar was mentioned for the first time in the Iranian sources in 1626, when he held the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
18th Century In Iran
18 (eighteen) is the natural number following 17 and preceding 19. In mathematics * Eighteen is a composite number, its divisors being 1, 2, 3, 6 and 9. Three of these divisors (3, 6 and 9) add up to 18, hence 18 is a semiperfect number. Eighteen is the first inverted square-prime of the form ''p''·''q''2. * In base ten, it is a Harshad number. * It is an abundant number, as the sum of its proper divisors is greater than itself (1+2+3+6+9 = 21). It is known to be a solitary number, despite not being coprime to this sum. * It is the number of one-sided pentominoes. * It is the only number where the sum of its written digits in base 10 (1+8 = 9) is equal to half of itself (18/2 = 9). * It is a Fine number. In science Chemistry * Eighteen is the atomic number of argon. * Group 18 of the periodic table is called the noble gases. * The 18-electron rule is a rule of thumb in transition metal chemistry for characterising and predicting the stability of metal complexes. In re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
17th Century In Iran
17 (seventeen) is the natural number following 16 and preceding 18. It is a prime number. Seventeen is the sum of the first four prime numbers. In mathematics 17 is the seventh prime number, which makes seventeen the fourth super-prime, as seven is itself prime. The next prime is 19, with which it forms a twin prime. It is a cousin prime with 13 and a sexy prime with 11 and 23. It is an emirp, and more specifically a permutable prime with 71, both of which are also supersingular primes. Seventeen is the sixth Mersenne prime exponent, yielding 131,071. Seventeen is the only prime number which is the sum of four consecutive primes: 2, 3, 5, 7. Any other four consecutive primes summed would always produce an even number, thereby divisible by 2 and so not prime. Seventeen can be written in the form x^y + y^x and x^y - y^x, and, as such, it is a Leyland prime and Leyland prime of the second kind: :17=2^+3^=3^-4^. 17 is one of seven lucky numbers of Euler which produc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
16th Century In Iran
16 (sixteen) is the natural number following 15 and preceding 17. 16 is a composite number, and a square number, being 42 = 4 × 4. It is the smallest number with exactly five divisors, its proper divisors being , , and . In English speech, the numbers 16 and 60 are sometimes confused, as they sound very similar. Sixteen is the fourth power of two. For this reason, 16 was used in weighing light objects in several cultures. The British have 16 ounces in one pound; the Chinese used to have 16 ''liangs'' in one ''jin''. In old days, weighing was done with a beam balance to make equal splits. It would be easier to split a heap of grains into sixteen equal parts through successive divisions than to split into ten parts. Chinese Taoists did finger computation on the trigrams and hexagrams by counting the finger tips and joints of the fingers with the tip of the thumb. Each hand can count up to 16 in such manner. The Chinese abacus uses two upper beads to represent the 5s and 5 low ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gorgin Khan
George XI ( ka, გიორგი XI, ''Giorgi XI''; 1651 – 21 April 1709), known as Gurgin Khan in Iran, was a Georgian monarch who ruled the Kingdom of Kartli as a Safavid Persian subject from 1676 to 1688 and again from 1703 to 1709. He is best known for his struggle against the Safavids which dominated his weakened kingdom and later as a Safavid commander-in-chief in what is now Afghanistan. Being an Eastern Orthodox Christian, he converted to Shia Islam prior to his appointment as governor of Kandahar. Life He was the son of Vakhtang V, whom he succeeded as a ruler of Kartli in 1676. As with many other Georgian rulers, he had to nominally accept Islam and take the name of Shahnawaz II before being able to be confirmed as a viceroy by Shah Solayman I. However, Georgians continued to consider him as their king under his Christian name Giorgi (or "George" in English). When nearly half-century-long peaceful relations between Kartli and its Persian suzerains significantly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aslamas Beg
Aslamas Beg ( ka, ასლამაზ ორბელიანი), also known as Aslan Khan, was a Safavid official and military commander of Georgian origin. A scion of the Orbeliani family, Aslamas was the second son of Vakhushti Khan, the former governor of Shushtar. He was appointed prefect (''darugha'') of Isfahan, the royal capital, in 1683. Known for being hostile to the Armenians, he issued a ban on non-Muslims leaving their houses and appearing in public in times of rain as they would otherwise taint believers. The ban was cancelled after the wealthy Armenian merchants of New Julfa (Isfahan's Armenian quarter) appealed to the queen mother, Nakihat Khanum. Aslamas Beg later served as the commander of the élite ''gholam'' corps (''qollar-aghasi'') in 1693–1695, and as the governor (''beglarbeg'') of Qandahar in 1694–1695, or 1696–1697. Aslamas's son, Mohammad-Ali Khan, briefly served as commander of the artillery (''tupchi-bashi'') in 1722. Aslamas's namesake g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jamshid Khan
Jamshid Khan was a 17th-century Safavid military commander and official. Of "unclear origins", he was the son of a certain Hajji Manuchehr Khan, a ''gholam'' and sometime governor of Shirvan and Astarabad. Jamshid Khan served as the commander of the élite ''gholam'' corps (''qollar-aghasi'') in 1663–1667. He also served as the governor (''hakem'') of Semnan in 1646–1656, of Astarabad (''beglarbeg'') in 1656–1664, and of Qandahar (''beglarbeg'') sometime after 1663. Especially due to the high office of ''qollar-aghasi'', Jamshid Khan yielded considerable influence in the Safavid state which was evident by the later tenure of grand vizier Mirza Mohammad Karaki Mirza Mohammad Mahdi Karaki ( fa, میرزا محمد مهدی کرکی) was an Iranian cleric and statesman, who served as the grand Vizier of the Safavid king (''shah Shah (; fa, شاه, , ) is a royal title that was historically used by ... (1661-1691), when the latters' power trailed that of Jamshid Khan. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mansur Khan (qollar-aghasi)
Gorjasbi Beg, better known as Mansur Khan, was a Safavid military commander, royal ''gholam'', and official from the Georgian Orbeliani clan. He served as the commander of the empire's élite gholam corps (''qollar-aghasi'') sometime before 1693, and as the governor (''beglarbeg'') of Qandahar in 1663. He was a son of the Georgian nobleman Aslamaz, and had at least two brothers, Otar (Zu al-Faqār) and Vakhushti, who held prominent positions like him. According to Alexander Orbeliani Count Alexander Orbeliani (Jambakur-Orbeliani) ( ka, ალექსანდრე ორბელიანი ამბაკურ-ორბელიანი (May 24, 1802 – December 28, 1869) was a Georgia (country), Georgian Romantic ... (1802–1869), he had one more brother named Kaykhosrow. Notes Sources * * * * {{s-end Qollar-aghasi Iranian people of Georgian descent Shia Muslims from Georgia (country) Nobility of Georgia (country) Safavid governors of Qandaha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Safavid Astarabad
The province of Astarabad (also called Gorgan and Jorjan; ) was a southeastern province of Safavid Iran, located on the southeastern side of the Caspian Sea. It bordered the Atrek River in the north, the Alborz in the south, the Mazandaran province to the west, and Jajarm to the east. The province was under Safavid control from 1510. By the end of the Safavid era, Astarabad was composed of the following administrative jurisdictions: Gira'i, Goklan, Hajjilar, Jalayer, K.ra-chupi, and Yamut. Each district name was derived from the Turkoman tribe that been enstrusted with it. Some of the Turkoman tribes (such as the Qepchaq) lived to the north of Astarabad, but were still nominal subjects of the Safavids. From 1589 to 1598, the Sa'en-khanis of the Yakka Turkoman tribe assumed control over the province as caretaker governors, due to its lack of efficient Safavid rule. Their hold over the province was ended when Shah Abbas I () marched to Astarabad and pacified the tribes. In order t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qandahar
Kandahar (; Kandahār, , Qandahār) is a city in Afghanistan, located in the south of the country on the Arghandab River, at an elevation of . It is Afghanistan's second largest city after Kabul, with a population of about 614,118. It is the capital of Kandahar Province as well as the de facto capital of the Taliban, formally known as the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan. It also happens to be the centre of the larger cultural region called Loy Kandahar. In 1709, Mirwais Hotak made the region an independent kingdom and turned Kandahar into the capital of the Hotak dynasty. In 1747, Ahmad Shah Durrani, founder of the Durrani dynasty, made Kandahar the capital of the Afghan Empire. Historically this province is considered as important political area for Afghanistan revelations. Kandahar is one of the most culturally significant cities of the Pashtuns and has been their traditional seat of power for more than 300 years. It is a major trading center for sheep, wool, cotton, silk, fe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
