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Safagäräy
Safa Giray ( tt-Latn, Safagäräy, صفا گرای; ) was three times khan of Kazan (1524–31, 1535–46, 1546–49). He was the nephew of the previous Kazan Khan Sahib Giray and brother of Moxammat Giray. First reign 1524–31: In 1524 a large Russian army approached Kazan and Sahib Giray fled. His 13-year-old nephew Safa Giray took his place. The Russian siege of Kazan failed and they withdrew. In 1530 another Russian army burned part of Kazan and Safa Giray fled to Arsk. The matter was settled when a faction deposed Safa Giray and enthroned the pro-Russian Jan Ali. Second reign 1535–46: Four years later, in 1535 the Kazan nobility expelled or killed the pro-Russian Jan Ali and Safa Giray returned to the throne. He married Jan Ali's wife or widow Söyembikä of Kazan. The pro-Russian faction wanted to enthrone Jan Ali's brother Shah Ali, but they were unsuccessful. The choice of an anti-Russian khan led to border fighting around Nizhny Novgorod. In 1537 or 1538 Safa Gira ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khanate Of Kazan
The Khanate of Kazan ( tt, Казан ханлыгы, Kazan xanlıgı; russian: Казанское ханство, Kazanskoye khanstvo) was a medieval Tatar Turkic state that occupied the territory of former Volga Bulgaria between 1438 and 1552. The khanate covered contemporary Tatarstan, Mari El, Chuvashia, Mordovia, and parts of Udmurtia and Bashkortostan; its capital was the city of Kazan. It was one of the successor states of the Golden Horde (Kipchak Khanate), and it came to an end when it was conquered by the Tsardom of Russia. Geography and population The territory of the khanate comprised the Muslim Bulgar-populated lands of the Bolğar, Cükätäw, Kazan, and Qaşan duchies and other regions that originally belonged to Volga Bulgaria. The Volga, Kama and Vyatka were the main rivers of the khanate, as well as the major trade ways. The majority of the population were Kazan Tatars. Their self-identity was not restricted to Tatars; many identified themselves simply a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canghali Of Kazan
Canghali (also Jan Ali, ''Can Ali,'' Tatar: ''Җангали''; russian: Джан-Али) (1516–1535) was ruler of the Khanate of Qasim in 1519–1532 and then Khanate of Kazan in 1532–1535. He was the son of Qasim khan Shayex Allahiar (Şäyex Allahiär) (r. 1512-15) and younger brother of Qasim khan Shahgali or Shah Ali (r. 1515-19). When Shah Ali moved to Kazan Jan Ali took the throne. The Qasim Khanate was a vassal state of Muscovy. Canghali as its ruler had close ties with Muscovy. In 1532 Vasili III of Russia defeated Kazan, khan Safagäräy fled and the 16-year-old Canghali was brought in as a pro-Russian ruler of the bigger and generally independent Kazan Khanate. In 1533 Canghali married Söyembika, the daughter of Nogay nobleman. During his reign he was completely manipulated by Bulat Shirin (Bulat Şirin, /boo-LAHT shee-RREEN/) and queen Gawharshat (Gäwhärşat, /geh-w-ha-rr-SHAHT/), widow or sister of Moxammat Amin khan. During 1535 coup of Kazan nobility, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Utameshgaray Of Kazan
Ütämeşgäräy (pronounced , also spelled Utamish, Ütämeş, Ötemiş Giray, Utyamysh; frequently anglicized as Ötemish Giray via Crimean Tatar) (1546–1566) was a Khan of the Kazan Khanate from 1549-1551. He was the son of Safagäräy and Söyembikä. Upon his father's death he was crowned Khan at the age of two with his mother serving as regent. Ivan the Terrible took advantage of this situation and sent an army which besieged Kazan in February 1550. An early thaw caused Ivan to pull back and build the fort of Sviyazhsk from which his army raided the surrounding country. The peace faction in Kazan came to power and accepted the Russian candidate Shah Ali as khan, turning over Utameshgaray and his mother to the Russians. Shortly after this, the patriotic faction regained power, expelled Shah Ali and brought in Yadegar Mokhammad of Kazan who was khan when the Russians conquered Kazan in 1552. In January, 1553 Utameshgaray was baptized as a Christian, taking the name Ale ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Söyembikä Of Kazan
Söyembikä (also spelled ''Söyenbikä, Sujumbike,'' pronounced ; Cyrillic: ''Сөембикә'') (1516 – after 1554) was a Tatar ruler, '' xanbikä''. She served as regent of Kazan during the minority of her son from 1549 until 1551. Life She was the daughter of Nogay nobleman Yosıf bäk and the wife of Canğäli (1533–35), Safagäräy (1536–49) and Şahğäli (after 1553). In 1549, she became regent during the minority of her son, Kazan khan Ütämeşgäräy. In 1551, after the first partial conquest of the Khanate of Kazan by Ivan the Terrible she was forcibly moved to Moscow with her son and later married to Şahğäli, the Russia-imposed khan of the Qasim and Kazan Tatars. Suicide Legend She is a national hero of Tatarstan. Her name is associated first of all with Söyembikä Tower, that Ivan the Terrible wanted to marry her, so she agreed that if he built her a tower made with seven tiers (one for each day of the week) then she would marry him. Ivan the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Utamesh
Ütämeşgäräy (pronounced , also spelled Utamish, Ütämeş, Ötemiş Giray, Utyamysh; frequently anglicized as Ötemish Giray via Crimean Tatar) (1546–1566) was a Khan of the Kazan Khanate from 1549-1551. He was the son of Safagäräy and Söyembikä. Upon his father's death he was crowned Khan at the age of two with his mother serving as regent. Ivan the Terrible Ivan IV Vasilyevich (russian: Ива́н Васи́льевич; 25 August 1530 – ), commonly known in English as Ivan the Terrible, was the grand prince of Moscow from 1533 to 1547 and the first Tsar of all Russia from 1547 to 1584. Ivan ... took advantage of this situation and sent an army which besieged Kazan in February 1550. An early thaw caused Ivan to pull back and build the fort of Sviyazhsk from which his army raided the surrounding country. The peace faction in Kazan came to power and accepted the Russian candidate Shah Ali as khan, turning over Utameshgaray and his mother to the Russians ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1510 Births
Year 151 ( CLI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Condianus and Valerius (or, less frequently, year 904 '' Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 151 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Asia * Mytilene and Smyrna are destroyed by an earthquake. * First year of Yuanjia of the Chinese Han Dynasty. By topic Art * Detail from a rubbing of a stone relief in Wu family shrine (Wuliangci), Jiaxiang, Shandong, is made (Han dynasty). Births * Annia Galeria Aurelia Faustina, daughter of Marcus Aurelius * Zhong Yao, Chinese official and calligrapher (d. 230) Deaths * Kanishka, Indian ruler of the Kushan Empire * Novatus Saint Novatus (died c. 151) is an early Christian saint. His feast day is 20 June. Novatus a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shahgali
Shahghali, also Shah Ali or Shah Ghaly, (Tatar: ''Şahğäli'', pronounced , or ''Şäyex Ğäli'', ) (1505–1567) was khan of the Qasim Khanate and the Khanate of Kazan. He ruled the Qasim Khanate for much of his life and three times tried to rule the Khanate of Kazan, which was independent until its conquest by Muscovy in 1552. He also ruled the town of Kasimov as a vassal of the Russians. He was the son of the Qasim Khan Sheikh Auliyar (reigned 1512-16) and grandson of Bakhtiar Sultan, a brother of Ahmed Khan bin Küchük (the Golden Horde ruler who lost control of Russia). One of his wives was the unfortunate Söyembikä of Kazan. He died childless in 1567 and was succeeded by Sain Bulat. He is described as physically repulsive and too fat to be a soldier, but a man of sound judgement. Biography Shahghali came to the throne in 1516 at age 11 upon his father’s death. There is little information about this period. When he moved to Kazan his brother Jan Ali became khan o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sahib Giray
Sahib I Giray (1501–1551) was Khan of Kazan for three years and Khan of Crimea for nineteen years. His father was the Crimean Khan Meñli I Giray. Sahib was placed on the throne of Kazan by his ambitious brother Mehmed of Crimea and driven out of Kazan by the Russians. He became Khan of Crimea with Ottoman support and was expelled by the Turks for disobedience. During his reign Crimean troops fought for the Turks and also fought in the North Caucasus. In 1532-1584, during the long reigns of Sahib I Giray, Devlet I Giray and Mehmed II Giray, Crimea was at the height of its power. Family and early life Sahib's grandfather was the founder of the Giray dynasty, Hacı I Giray (c. 1441–1466). His father was Mengli Giray (1478–1515). His brothers included Mehmed I Giray (1515–1523), Saadet I Giray (1524–1532) and Mubarak. His successor, Devlet I Giray (1551–1577), was a son of Mubarak. Ğazı I Giray (1523–24) and İslâm I Giray (1532) were sons of Mehmed I. Sahib's w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khan Of Kazan
List of Kazan khans who ruled the Khanate of Kazan before it was conquered by Russia. The First List has local spelling and dynasty. The Second List has very short biographies. First List *'' Ghiyath-ud-din Khan taking advantage of the troubles of the Golden Horde established himself as an independent ruler of Kazan Ulus (Kazan district) during the 1420s. Eventually the former ruler of the Golden Horde, Ulugh Muhammad, would take over Kazan and establish his own separate Khanate of Kazan breaking the Golden Horde Empire.'' *''Blue rows signify influence of Grand Duchy of Moscow.'' **''Green row signifies brief interruption under Khan of Sibir Khanate.'' ***''Pink rows signify Qasim Khanate rule.'' ****''Yellow rows signify Giray dynasty from Crimean Khanate.'' *****''Brown row signifies prince from Khanate of Astrakhan rule.'' Second List with short biographies This information comes from Howorth's 1880 book Henry Howorth, History of the Mongols,1880, part 2, pp 363-429 and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Kazan Khans
List of Kazan khans who ruled the Khanate of Kazan before it was conquered by Russia. The First List has local spelling and dynasty. The Second List has very short biographies. First List *''Ghiasetdin of Kazan, Ghiyath-ud-din Khan taking advantage of the troubles of the Golden Horde established himself as an independent ruler of Kazan Ulus (Kazan district) during the 1420s. Eventually the former ruler of the Golden Horde, Olugh Mokhammad of Kazan, Ulugh Muhammad, would take over Kazan and establish his own separate Khanate of Kazan breaking the Golden Horde Empire.'' *''Blue rows signify influence of Grand Duchy of Moscow.'' **''Green row signifies brief interruption under Khan of Sibir Khanate.'' ***''Pink rows signify Qasim Khanate rule.'' ****''Yellow rows signify Giray dynasty from Crimean Khanate.'' *****''Brown row signifies prince from Khanate of Astrakhan rule.'' Second List with short biographies This information comes from Howorth's 1880 book Henry Howorth, History ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arsk
Arsk ( rus, Арск, p=ˈarsk; tt-Cyrl, Арча, ''Arça'') is a town and the administrative center of Arsky District in the Tatarstan, Russia, located on the Kazanka River, from the republic's capital of Kazan. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 18,114. Etymology The Tatar name of the town () can be translated as " Udmurt's" or "Udmurtian". History It was founded at the end of the 14th century''Inhabited Localities of the Republic of Tatarstan'', p. 63 by Volga Bulgarians. It was the seat of Archa Darugha (a type of subdivision) during the Khanate of Kazan period. Even though the town was located in the area mostly populated by Tatars, the larger part of the ''darughas population was Udmurt. It is possible that earlier population of this area was also Finnic, who later assimilated with the Tatars. Arsk was one of the strongest forts in the khanate. In 1506, it was the site of the Battles of Arsk Field, in which Tatar forces were defeated by the Russia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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