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Sadie Menzies
Sadie Menzies (19141996) was a founder member of the Revolutionary Workers Group and the Communist Party of Ireland. Biography Sadie Menzies was born in Newtownards in 1914. Her mother worked in a mill while her father worked for famous local rose growers, the Dicksons, as their chauffeur. The family lived on a “tied cottage” plot belonging to the Dicksons. Menzies started a secretarial course when she was fourteen. She got a job in the offices of Anderson McAuley’s department store. Eddie Menzies was a professional dancer, after losing an eye working in the shipyard. He was politically active and introduced his wife to the local Communists group. Eddie was given £250 compensation which he used to buy a newsagents on Templemore Avenue and it became a help centre for shipyard workers. The couple had a daughter Edwina in 1934. Menzies became a member of the Revolutionary Workers Party and in October 1932 she helped create the Outdoor Relief Strike during the 1930s de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Newtownards
Newtownards is a town in County Down, Northern Ireland. It lies at the most northern tip of Strangford Lough, 10 miles (16 km) east of Belfast, on the Ards Peninsula. It is in the Civil parishes in Ireland, civil parish of Newtownards (civil parish), Newtownards and the historic Barony (Ireland), baronies of Ards Lower and Castlereagh Lower. Newtownards is in the Ards and North Down Borough Council, Ards and North Down Borough. The population was 28,050 in the United Kingdom census, 2011, 2011 Census. History Irish settlement In 540 AD, Finnian of Moville, St. Finian founded Movilla Abbey, a monastery, on a hill overlooking Strangford Lough about a mile northeast of present-day Newtownards town centre. "Movilla" (''Magh Bhile'') means "the plain of the sacred tree" in Irish language, Irish, which suggests that the land had previously been a sacred Celtic paganism, pagan site. It became a significant Christian settlement - a centre for worship, study, mission and comm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dickson Roses
Dickson Nurseries is a family owned rose nursery in Newtownards, County Down, Northern Ireland. The firms The nursery was founded by Alexander Dickson I (1801–1880) in 1836. His sons Hugh (c. 1831–1904) and George I (1832–1914) both became interested in roses. The firm became ''Alexander Dickson and Sons''. A separate firm, ''Royal Nurseries'', was founded by Hugh in 1869. With the help of George's sons Alexander II (December 20, 1857 – 1949) and George II they started breeding roses in the late 1870s. The main firm later changed its name to ''Dicksons of Hawlmark'' and finally became ''Dickson Nurseries'' when it moved from Hawlmark to Milecross Road, Newtownards, in 1969. The BBreportedthat the business might close in 2019. The breeders Introducing themselves as breeders at the National Rose Society Show in London in 1886, the Dicksons exhibited two Hybrid Perpetuals and a Tea Rose ('Earl of Dufferin', 'Lady Helen Stewart' and 'Ethel Brownlow'). Later came culti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edwina Stewart
Edwina Stewart (11 May 1934 29 May 2020) was a Northern Irish communist and civil-rights activist. Biography Edwina Stewart was born 11 May 1934 in East Belfast to Sadie and Eddie Menzies. She had four sisters. While her family was of the Protestant community her parents were atheists and founders of the Communist Party of Ireland. Stewart attended Stranmillis Teacher Training College where she became a teacher, going on to work in both Ashfield Girls’ School and Comber High School. Stewart founded the Communist Youth League and attended the World Youth Festival in Moscow in 1957. Stewart was elected secretary of the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association and held the role from 1969 until 1977. Stewart gave up her job when she was reported to have been one of the speakers in Derry on Bloody Sunday. Other speakers that day were Máire Drumm and Bernadette Devlin. Pressure from groups such as Vanguard forced her to leave reported. There were protests by students and she ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communist Party Of Ireland
The Communist Party of Ireland (CPI; ga, Páirtí Cumannach na hÉireann) is an all-Ireland Marxist–Leninist communist party, founded in 1933 and re-founded in 1970. It rarely contests elections and has never had electoral success. The party is a member of the International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties. Originating as multiple Revolutionary Workers' Groups, located at Connolly House in Dublin, the most prominent early member was James Larkin Jnr (son of James Larkin). After being outlawed under the government of W. T. Cosgrave in 1931 (as part of a wider crackdown on Peadar O'Donnell's Saor Éire and the IRA), it was legalised in 1932 under Éamon de Valera's government and subsequently changed its name to the Communist Party of Ireland in 1933 under Seán Murray, who had attended the Lenin School in Moscow. A strong anti-communist public backlash in Ireland occurred around the time of the Spanish Civil War due to the perception that the Popular Front cause wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Association Of Friends Of The Soviet Union
The International Association of Friends of the Soviet Union was an organization formed on the initiative of the Communist International in 1927, with the purpose of coordinating solidarity efforts with the Soviet Union around the world. It grew out of existing initiatives like Friends of Soviet Russia in the United States, the Association of Friends of the New Russia in Germany, and the Hands Off Russia campaign that had emerged during the early 1920s in Great Britain and elsewhere. Organizational history Establishment In 1927 the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics celebrated the 10th Anniversary of the Russian Revolution with much fanfare. Supporters of the Soviet Union flocked to Moscow to attend the official Revolution Day festivities slated for November 7. The Communist International decided to make use of this opportunity to bring together representatives of the various national "friendship societies," centralizing their activities in a single international organization to b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marriage Bar
A marriage bar is the practice of restricting the employment of married women. Common in Western countries from the late 19th century to the 1970s, the practice often called for the termination of the employment of a woman on her marriage, especially in teaching and clerical occupations. Further, widowed women with children were still considered to be married at times, preventing them from being hired, as well. The practice lacked an economic justification, and its rigid application was often disruptive to workplaces. However, marriage bars were widely relaxed in wartime due to an increase in the demand for labor. Research carried out by Claudia Goldin to explore their determinants using firm-level data from 1931 and 1940, find out that they are associated with promotion from within, tenure-based salaries, and other modern personnel practices. Since the 1960s, the practice has widely been regarded as employment inequality and sexual discrimination, and has been either discontinu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Women's Day
International Women's Day (IWD) is a global holiday celebrated annually on March 8 as a focal point in the women's rights movement, bringing attention to issues such as gender equality, reproductive rights, and violence and abuse against women. Spurred on by the universal female suffrage movement that had begun in New Zealand, IWD originated from labor movements in North America and Europe during the early 20th century. The earliest version was purportedly a "Women's Day" organized by the Socialist Party of America in New York City February 28, 1909. This inspired German delegates at the 1910 International Socialist Women's Conference to propose "a special Women's Day" be organized annually, albeit with no set date; the following year saw the first demonstrations and commemorations of International Women's Day across Europe. After women gained suffrage in Soviet Russia in 1917 (the beginning of the February Revolution), IWD was made a national holiday on March 8; it was sub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belfast City Hall
Belfast City Hall ( ga, Halla na Cathrach Bhéal Feirste; Ulster-Scots: ''Bilfawst Citie Haw'') is the civic building of Belfast City Council located in Donegall Square, Belfast, Northern Ireland. It faces North and effectively divides the commercial and business areas of the city centre. It is a Grade A listed building. History Belfast City Hall was commissioned to replace the Old Town Hall in Victoria Street. The catalyst for change came in 1888 when Belfast was awarded city status by Queen Victoria. This was in recognition of Belfast's rapid expansion and thriving linen, rope-making, shipbuilding and engineering industries. During this period Belfast briefly overtook Dublin as the most populous city in Ireland. It was in this context that in the late 19th century the new city leaders formed the view that the Victoria Street building was not imposing enough and decided to commission a new building: the site they selected was once the home of the White Linen Hall, an importan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1914 Births
This year saw the beginning of what became known as World War I, after Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, heir to the Austrian throne was assassinated by Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip. It also saw the first airline to provide scheduled regular commercial passenger services with heavier-than-air aircraft, with the St. Petersburg–Tampa Airboat Line. Events January * January 1 – The St. Petersburg–Tampa Airboat Line in the United States starts services between St. Petersburg and Tampa, Florida, becoming the first airline to provide scheduled regular commercial passenger services with heavier-than-air aircraft, with Tony Jannus (the first federally-licensed pilot) conveying passengers in a Benoist XIV flying boat. Abram C. Pheil, mayor of St. Petersburg, is the first airline passenger, and over 3,000 people witness the first departure. * January 11 – The Sakurajima volcano in Japan begins to erupt, becoming effusive after a very large earthquake ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
