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Sa'dabad Palace
The Sa'dabad Complex () is an 80 hectare complex built by the Qajar and Pahlavi monarchs, located in Shemiran, Greater Tehran, Iran. Today, the official residence of the President of Iran is located adjacent to the complex. The complex includes natural forest, streets, qanats, galleries, mansions/palaces and museums. History The complex was initially built and inhabited in the 19th century by the Qajar shahs. After extensive expansions, Reza Shah of the Pahlavi dynasty resided there from the 1920s until his exile in 1941. His son, Mohammad Reza Shah, moved there in the 1970s. In 1978, President Jimmy Carter stayed in the palace during a visit to Iran to guarantee U.S. support for the regime. After the 1979 Revolution, the complex became a public museum. Present use Large parts of the complex are museums, which are accessible to visitors. Other parts are currently used by the Office of the President of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The complex is operated by the Cultural ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tehran
Tehran (; , ''Tehrân'') is the capital and largest city of Iran. It is the capital of Tehran province, and the administrative center for Tehran County and its Central District (Tehran County), Central District. With a population of around 9.8 million in the city as of 2025, and 16.8 million in the metropolitan area, Tehran is the List of largest cities of Iran, most populous city in Iran and Western Asia, the Largest metropolitan areas of the Middle East, second-largest metropolitan area in the Middle East after Cairo, and the 24th most populous metropolitan area in the world. Greater Tehran includes several municipalities, including, Karaj, Eslamshahr, Shahriar, Tehran province, Shahriar, Qods, Iran, Qods, Malard, Golestan, Tehran, Golestan, Pakdasht, Qarchak, Nasimshahr, Parand, Pardis, Andisheh and Fardis. In the classical antiquity, part of the territory of present-day Tehran was occupied by Rhages (now Ray, Iran, Ray), a prominent Medes, Median city almost entirely des ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1979 Revolution
The Iranian Revolution (, ), also known as the 1979 Revolution, or the Islamic Revolution of 1979 (, ) was a series of events that culminated in the overthrow of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979. The revolution led to the replacement of the Imperial State of Iran by the Islamic Republic of Iran, as the monarchical government of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi was superseded by the theocratic Ruhollah Khomeini, a religious cleric who had headed one of the rebel factions. The ousting of Pahlavi, the last Shah of Iran, formally marked the end of Iran's historical monarchy. In 1953, the CIA- and MI6-backed 1953 Iranian coup d'état overthrew Iran’s democratically elected Prime Minister, Mohammad Mossadegh, who had nationalized the country's oil industry to reclaim sovereignty from British control. The coup reinstalled Mohammad Reza Pahlavi as an absolute monarch and entrenched Iran as a client state of the U.S. and UK. Over the next 26 years, Pahlavi consolidated authoritarian rule, suppr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Farideh Ghotbi
Farideh Ghotbi (; ''née'' Tadji Ghotbi; 1 February 1920 – 29 November 2000), also known as Farideh Diba (), was an Iranian public figure. She was the mother of Farah Pahlavi (née Diba), the former Shahbanu (Empress) and third wife of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the last Shah of Iran. Ghotbi was known for her influence on both her daughter and within the Diba and Pahlavi families. Biography Tadji Ghotbi was born on 1 February 1920 in Lahijan, Gilan province, Qajar-era Iran. She was a descendant of the Sufi scholar, (c. 1601–1664). Ghotbi attended Jeanne d'Arc School in Tehran. In 1937, she married , a Captain in the Imperial Iranian Army and a law student. They had a daughter, Farah Diba born on October 14, 1938. In the summers, the family lived in Shemiran to escape the heat. In 1947, her husband Sohrab Diba fell ill and died a year later of pancreatic cancer. With the marriage of her daughter Farah to Mohammad Reza Pahlavi on 20 December 1959, she became a member of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abdul Reza Pahlavi
Abdul Reza Pahlavi (; 19 August 1924 – 11 May 2004) was a member of Iran's Pahlavi dynasty. He was a son of Reza Shah and a half-brother of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. Early life and education Abdul Reza Pahlavi was born on 19 August 1924 in Tehran. His parents were Reza Pahlavi and Princess Esmat Dowlatshahi, the daughter of Prince Mojalal-e Dowleh Dowlatshahi Qajar. She was a member of the Qajar dynasty and the fourth as well as last wife of Reza Pahlavi. They married in 1923. Abdul Reza had three brothers and a sister: Ahmad Reza, Mahmoud Reza, Fatemeh and Hamid Reza Pahlavi. They lived in the Marble palace in Tehran with their parents. During his father's exile he accompanied him in Mauritius and then in Johannesburg, South Africa, from 1941 to 1944. During this period there were rumors that the Allies had been planning to install Abdul Reza as king instead of his elder brother Mohammad Reza. He studied business administration at Harvard University. Career and views During ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ahmad Reza Pahlavi
Ahmad Reza Pahlavi (; 27 September 1925 – 1981) was a member of Iran's Pahlavi dynasty. He was a son of Reza Shah and a half-brother of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. Biography Ahmad Reza Pahlavi was born on 27 September 1925. He received primary education in Persia (Iran) and then went to Switzerland for secondary education. He enrolled in Tehran's military school but following his father's abdication in 1941 he moved with him to South Africa. Three years later he went to Beirut to continue his education and following his father's death he returned to Iran. Upon his return to Iran in 1946, he married Simintaj Bahrami, the daughter of Hossein-Khan Bahrami, a physician and politician known for his feud with Hassan Modarres. The couple had two children, Shahrokh (born 1947) and Shahla (born 1948), before divorcing in 1954. In 1958 he married Rosa Bozorgnia, the daughter of writer, poet and politician Mohammad Bozorgnia (known under the pen name "Danesh"). The couple had three children: S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gholam Reza Pahlavi
Gholam Reza Pahlavi (; 15 May 1923 – 7 May 2017) was an Iranian prince and a member of the Pahlavi dynasty, as the son of Reza Shah and half-brother of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the last Shah of Iran. Following the death of his half-sister Ashraf Pahlavi on 7 January 2016, Gholam Reza became the only living child of Reza Shah. He resided in Paris with his family. He died on 7 May 2017 at the age of 93. Early life and education Pahlavi was born in Golestan Palace, Tehran, on 15 May 1923. He was the fifth child and third son of Reza Shah, the founder of the Iranian Pahlavi dynasty. His mother, Turan Amirsoleimani, Turan (Qamar ol-Molouk) Amirsoleimani, was related to the Qajar dynasty deposed in 1925 in favor of Reza Shah. More specifically, she was the daughter of a Qajar dignitary, Issa Majd al-Saltaneh. She was also the granddaughter of Majd ed-Dowleh Qajar-Qovanlu Amirsoleimani, Naser al-Din Shah Qajar, Naser al Din Shah's maternal cousin. Gholam Reza's parents married in 1922 a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ashraf Pahlavi
Ashraf ol-Molouk Pahlavi (, , 26 October 1919 – 7 January 2016) was the twin sister of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the late Shah of Iran (Persia), and a member of the Pahlavi dynasty. She was considered the "power behind her brother" and was instrumental in the 1953 coup that overthrew Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddegh in favour of strengthening the monarchical rule of the Shah. She served her brother as a palace adviser and was a strong advocate for women's rights. Following the Iranian revolution in 1979, she lived in exile in France, New York, Paris and Monte Carlo and remained outspoken against the Iranian Islamic Republic. Early life Ashraf Pahlavi was born in Tehran on 26 October 1919, five hours after her brother Mohammad Reza. Her parents were Reza Pahlavi, a military commander, who would become the Shah of Iran, and Tadj ol-Molouk, the second of his four wives. She had 10 siblings and half-siblings. In the early 1930s, Ashraf Pahlavi, her older sister Shams, and their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shams Pahlavi
Shams Pahlavi (; – ) was an Iranian royal of the Pahlavi dynasty, who was the elder sister of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the last Shah of Iran. During her brother's reign she was the president of the Red Lion and Sun Society. Biography Princess Shams was born in Tehran on 28 October 1917. She was the elder daughter of Reza Shah and his consort Tadj ol-Molouk. When the Second Eastern Women's Congress was arranged in Tehran in 1932, Shams Pahlavi served as its president and Sediqeh Dowlatabadi as its secretary. On 8 January 1936, she and her mother and sister, Ashraf, played a major symbolic role in the '' Kashf-e hijab'' (the abolition of the veil) which was a part of the shah's effort to include women in public society, by participating in the graduation ceremony of the Tehran Teacher's College unveiled. Shams Pahlavi married Fereydoun Djam, son of then-prime minister of Iran Mahmoud Djam, under strict orders from her father in 1937, but the marriage was unhappy, and t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Farah Pahlavi
Farah Pahlavi (; []; born 14 October 1938) is the former Queen and last Empress () of Pahlavi Iran and is the third wife and widow of the last List of monarchs of Iran, Shah of Iran, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. She was born into a prosperous Iranian family whose fortunes were diminished after her father's early death. While studying architecture in Paris, she was introduced to the Shah at the List of diplomatic missions of Iran, Iranian embassy, and they were married in December 1959. The Shah's first two marriages had not produced a son—necessary for Order of succession#Monarchies and nobility, royal succession—resulting in great rejoicing at the birth of Reza Pahlavi, Crown Prince of Iran, Crown Prince Reza in October of the following year. As a philanthropist, she advanced the welfare of Iranian civil society through the establishment of charities, and founded Iran's Shiraz University, Iran's first American-style university, increasing the number of women students. She also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Niavaran Complex
The Niavaran Palace Complex ( – ''Majmue-ye Kākh-e Niāvarān'') is a historical palace complex situated in Shemiran (northern Tehran), Iran. It consists of several palace buildings and monuments dating back to the Qajar and Pahlavi eras. History During the reign of Mohammad Reza Shah, a new palace named ''Niavaran'' was constructed for the imperial family. The palace was designed in 1958 and completed in 1967. It served a variety of purposes for the imperial court including as a home for the Shah and Shahbanu Farah as well a place to entertain visiting foreign heads of state. On New Year's Eve 1977, the reception and state banquet for US President Jimmy Carter took place here. The Shah and Shahbanu left basically everything behind when they left Iran in January 1979. All of the peripheral buildings of the Sahebgharaniyeh Palace, with the exception of the Ahmad Shahi Pavilion, were demolished, and the present-day structures were built to the north of the Sahebgharaniy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ahmad Shahi Pavilion
Ahmad Shahi Pavilion () is located in Niavaran Palace Complex in northern Tehran, Iran. The Ahmad Shahi Pavilion is beside Mohammad Reza Pahlavi's dwelling, Niavaran Palace and the oldest building there, the Sahebgharaniyeh Palace. The Pavilion was built at the end of the Qajar era as Ahmad Shah's dwelling in Niavaran garden. The Ahmad Shahi Pavilion was constructed in the 1910s as a two-story building in the surrounds of 800 m2 of land. The Ahmad Shahi pavilion, after refurbishment and interior additions, was utilized as the house and workplace of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. The first floor of the pavilion includes a hallway with a pond made of marble stone in the middle with six rooms and two corridors around. Ornamental items made of silver, bronze, ivory, wood and souvenirs from different countries such as India, paintings, medals, etc. have been exhibited in this palace. Also other items plus decorative mineral stones, a stone from Moon, different plant and animal fossils are k ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ahmad Shah Qajar
Ahmad Shah Qajar (; 21 January 1898 – 21 February 1930) was the List of monarchs of Iran, shah of Iran (Name of Iran, Persia) from 16 July 1909 to 15 December 1925, and the seventh and final ruling member of the Qajar dynasty. Ahmad Shah was born in Tabriz on 21 January 1898 and ascended the throne at the age of 12 after the removal of his father Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar, Mohammad Ali Shah by the Parliament on 16 July 1909. Due to his young age, his uncle, Ali Reza Khan Azod al-Molk, Ali-Reza Khan, took charge of state affairs as Regent. Upon reaching the age of majority, Ahmad Shah was formally crowned on 21 July 1914. Reign On 16 July 1909, Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar, Mohammad Ali Shah was Triumph of Tehran, overthrown by rebels seeking to restore the 1906 Constitution. The rebels then convened the Islamic Consultative Assembly, Grand Majles of 500 delegates from different backgrounds, which placed Ahmad Shah, Mohammad Ali's eleven-year-old son, on the Sun Throne. The Gran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
