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SPI
SPI may refer to: Organizations * Indian Protection Service (''Serviço de Proteção ao Índio''), Brazil * Shotmed Paper Industries, an Egyptian paper manufacturers * Simulations Publications, Inc., a former US board game publisher * Sony Pictures Imageworks * Stream Processors, Inc, a semiconductor company * Sisters of Perpetual Indulgence, an LGBT group * Society for Philosophical Inquiry * Society of the Plastics Industry, a U.S. trade association * Software in the Public Interest * Software Patent Institute, US * St. Pascual Institution, Philippines school * St. Paul's Institution, a school in Malaysia * Sustainable Preservation Initiative, of cultural heritage * Sveriges Pensionärers Intresseparti, or Swedish Senior Citizen Interest Party * Social Progress Imperative, a US-based nonprofit created in 2012 Computing * SCSI Parallel Interface * Serial Peripheral Interface * Security Parameter Index in IPSec tunneling * Service provider interface, an API * Software ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Serial Peripheral Interface
The Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) is a synchronous serial communication interface specification used for short-distance communication, primarily in embedded systems. The interface was developed by Motorola in the mid-1980s and has become a ''de facto'' standard. Typical applications include Secure Digital cards and liquid crystal displays. SPI devices communicate in full duplex mode using a master-slave architecture usually with a single master (though some Atmel and Silabs devices support changing roles on the fly depending on an external (SS) pin). The master (controller) device originates the frame for reading and writing. Multiple slave-devices may be supported through selection with individual chip select (CS), sometimes called slave select (SS) lines. Sometimes SPI is called a ''four-wire'' serial bus, contrasting with three-, two-, and one-wire serial buses. The SPI may be accurately described as a synchronous serial interface, but it is different from the Sync ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sediment Profile Imagery
Sediment Profile Imagery (SPI) is an underwater technique for photographing the interface between the seabed and the overlying water. The technique is used to measure or estimate biological, chemical, and physical processes occurring in the first few centimetres of sediment, pore water, and the important benthic boundary layer of water. Time-lapse imaging (tSPI) is used to examine biological activity over natural cycles, like tides and daylight or anthropogenic variables like feeding loads in aquaculture. SPI systems cost between tens and hundreds of thousands of dollars and weigh between 20 and 400 kilograms. Traditional SPI units can be effectively used to explore continental shelf and abyssal depths. Recently developeSPI-Scanor rSPI (rotational SPI) systems can now also be used to inexpensively investigate shallow (300 mV (oxidation reduction potential) level for oxic and less than 100 mV for anoxic chemoclines (with suboxic in between) as presented in Figure 3. The verti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swiss Performance Index
The Swiss Performance Index (SPI) is a wide total-return index that tracks equity primarily listed on SIX Swiss Exchange with a free-float of at least 20%, and excluding investment companies. The index covers large, mid and small caps and is weighted by market capitalization. Most constituents, although not all, are domiciled in Switzerland or the Principality of Liechtenstein. The SPI is Switzerland's most closely followed performance index. It is used as a benchmark for mutual funds, index funds and ETFs, and as an underlying index for derivative financial instruments such as options, futures and structured products. In 2020, the SPI, along with other SIX indices, was endorsed under the EU Benchmarks Regulation and is registered with the European Securities and Markets Authority, which means that it can be used as an underlying for financial products sold in the EU. SPI Universe The underlying share universe of the SPI is the Swiss All Share Index and includes approxima ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
System Packet Interface
The System Packet Interface (SPI) family of Interoperability Agreements from the Optical Internetworking Forum specify chip-to-chip, channelized, packet interfaces commonly used in synchronous optical networking and Ethernet applications. A typical application of such a packet level interface is between a framer (for optical network) or a MAC (for IP network) and a network processor. Another application of this interface might be between a packet processor ASIC and a traffic manager device. Context There are two broad categories of chip-to-chip interfaces. The first, exemplified by PCI-Express and HyperTransport, supports reads and writes of memory addresses. The second broad category carries user packets over 1 or more channels and is exemplified by the IEEE 802.3 family of Media Independent Interfaces and the Optical Internetworking Forum family of System Packet Interfaces. Of these last two, the family of System Packet Interfaces is optimized to carry user packets from man ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abraham Lincoln Capital Airport
Abraham Lincoln Capital Airport is a civil-military airport in Sangamon County, Illinois, United States, three miles (6 km) northwest of downtown Springfield. It is owned by the Springfield Airport Authority (SAA). The airport is included in the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2019–2023, in which it is categorized as a non-hub primary commercial service facility. It is the seventh busiest airport of the 12 commercial airports in Illinois. History The airport has dedicated in November 1947 under the name "Capital Airport." It came after pressure to construct a modern facility, as American Airlines and Chicago & Southern Airlines had canceled flight to Springfield a year earlier due to inadequate facilities at Capital Airport's predecessor. Construction on the new airport was began soon after those cancellations but were delayed due to World War II. The original airport had three 5300-foot runways, a service apron, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SCSI Parallel Interface
Parallel SCSI (formally, SCSI Parallel Interface, or SPI) is the earliest of the interface implementations in the SCSI family. SPI is a parallel bus; there is one set of electrical connections stretching from one end of the SCSI bus to the other. A SCSI device attaches to the bus but does not interrupt it. Both ends of the bus must be terminated. SCSI is a peer-to-peer peripheral interface. Every device attaches to the SCSI bus in a similar manner. Depending on the version, up to 8 or 16 devices can be attached to a single bus. There can be multiple hosts and multiple peripheral devices but there should be at least one host. The SCSI protocol defines communication from host to host, host to a peripheral device, and peripheral device to a peripheral device. The Symbios Logic 53C810 chip is an example of a PCI host interface that can act as a SCSI target. SCSI-1 and SCSI-2 have the option of parity bit error checking. Starting with SCSI-U160 (part of SCSI-3) all commands ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sony Pictures Imageworks
Sony Pictures Imageworks Inc. is a Canadian visual effects and computer animation studio headquartered in Vancouver, British Columbia, with an additional office on the Sony Pictures Studios lot in Culver City, California. SPI is a unit of Sony Pictures Entertainment's Motion Picture Group. The company has been recognized by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences with Oscars for their work on ''Spider-Man 2'' and the computer-animated short film ''The ChubbChubbs!'', and received many other nominations for their work. SPI has provided visual effects for many films; most recent include ''The Meg'', '' Men in Black: International'', and '' Spider-Man: Far From Home''. They also provided services for several of director Robert Zemeckis' films, including ''Contact'', ''Cast Away'', ''The Polar Express'', and ''Beowulf''. Since the foundation of its sister company Sony Pictures Animation in 2002, SPI would go on to animate nearly all of SPA's films, including '' Open Season' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stream Processors, Inc
Stream Processors, Inc was a Silicon Valley-based fabless semiconductor company specializing in the design and manufacture of high-performance digital signal processors for applications including video surveillance, multi-function printers and video conferencing. The company ceased operations in 2009. Company history Foundational work in stream processing was initiated in 1995 by a research team led by MIT professor Bill Dally. In 1996, he moved to Stanford University where he continued this work, receiving a multimillion-dollar grant from DARPA with additional resources from Intel and Texas Instruments to fund the development of a project called "Imagine" - the first stream processor chip and accompanying compiler tools. The Imagine Project The goal of the Imagine project was to develop a C programmable signal and image processor intended to provide both the performance density and efficiency of a special-purpose processor (such as a hard-wired ASIC). The project successfully ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Software In The Public Interest
Software in the Public Interest, Inc. (SPI) is a US 501(c)(3) non-profit organization domiciled in New York State formed to help other organizations create and distribute free open-source software and open-source hardware. Anyone is eligible to apply for membership, and contributing membership is available to those who participate in the free software community. SPI was originally created to allow the Debian Project to accept donations. It now acts as a fiscal sponsor to many free and open source projects. SPI has hosted Wikimedia Foundation board elections and audited the tally as a neutral third party from 2007 to 2011. Associated projects The 40 currently associated projects of SPI are: * 0 A.D. * Adélie Linux * ankur.org.in * aptosid * Arch Linux * Arch Linux 32 * ArduPilot * Battle for Wesnoth * Debian * FFmpeg * Fluxbox * Gallery * Ganeti * GNUstep * GNU TeXmacs * haskell.org * LibreOffice * MinGW * MPI Forum * NTPsec * ns-3 * OFTC * Open Bioinformatics Foundation * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Single-point Injection
Manifold injection is a mixture formation system for internal combustion engines with external mixture formation. It is commonly used in engines with spark ignition that use petrol as fuel, such as the Otto engine, and the Wankel engine. In a manifold-injected engine, the fuel is injected into the intake manifold, where it begins forming a combustible air-fuel mixture with the air. As soon as the intake valve opens, the piston starts sucking in the still forming mixture. Usually, this mixture is relatively homogeneous, and, at least in production engines for passenger cars, approximately stoichiometric; this means that there is an even distribution of fuel and air across the combustion chamber, and enough, but not more air present than what is required for the fuel's complete combustion. The injection timing and measuring of the fuel amount can be controlled either mechanically (by a fuel distributor), or electronically (by an engine control unit). Since the 1970s and 1980s, manifol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Service Provider Interface
Service provider interface (SPI) is an API intended to be implemented or extended by a third party. It can be used to enable framework extension and replaceable components. Details From Java documentation: The concept can be extended to other platforms using the corresponding tools. In the Java Runtime Environment, SPIs are used in: *Java Database Connectivity *Java Cryptography Extension *Java Naming and Directory Interface *Java API for XML Processing *Java Business Integration *Java Sound *Java Image I/O *Java File Systems See also *Plug-in (computing) *Java (programming language) *Java (software platform) References External linksReplaceable Components and the Service Provider Interface(.pdf at The Software Engineering Institute The Software Engineering Institute (SEI) is an American research and development center headquartered in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Its activities cover cybersecurity, software assurance, software engineering and acquisition, and component capabi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Security Parameter Index
The Security Parameter Index (SPI) is an identification tag added to the header while using IPsec for tunneling the IP traffic. This tag helps the kernel discern between two traffic streams where different encryption rules and algorithms may be in use. The SPI (as per RFC 2401) is a required part of an IPsec Security Association A security association (SA) is the establishment of shared security attributes between two network entities to support secure communication. An SA may include attributes such as: cryptographic algorithm and mode; traffic encryption key; and paramet ... (SA) because it enables the receiving system to select the SA under which a received packet will be processed. An SPI has only local significance, since it is defined by the creator of the SA; an SPI is generally viewed as an opaque bit string. However, the creator of an SA may interpret the bits in an SPI to facilitate local processing. This works like port numbers in TCP and UDP connections. What it mea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
