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SAROBMED
SAROBMED, the Search and Rescue Observatory for the Mediterranean, was a consortium of researchers, civil society groups, and other organisations with interests in the field of cross-border maritime migration. The focus was in particular on providing a monitoring system for refugee travel in the Mediterranean Sea. History SAROBMED was set up by Dr Violeta Moreno-Lax of Queen Mary University of London. Its website lists incidents documented from 24 April 2017 to 19 January 2019. During this time, its associated researchers produced a number of publications in the field of refugee safety in transit. It made submissions to the United Nations. Its model for monitoring incidents was viewed favourably. NGO PARTNERS In addition to researchers from academia, SAROBMED listed the following NGOs as partners:NGO Partners
19 January 2019, ''sarobmed.org'', accessed 3 July 20 ...
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Refugee Rescue
Refugee Rescue is a charitable Non-Governmental Organisation based in Northern Ireland which operates the rescue vessel '' Mo Chara'' from the North Shore of Lesvos, Greece, covering parts of the Aegean Sea. It also fulfills a coastguard role along that coast. History Refugee Rescue was founded in 2015, by Joby Fox and Jude Bennett; the charity moved rapidly on from an initial coastguard-like role to purchasing and operating an inshore rescue boat. Refugee Rescue's rescuer and activist Mary Finn was featured in the documentary "Bigger than us", drawing attention to the problems of people-trafficking and refugees. Rescue vessel Refugee Rescue operates the ''Mo Chara'' (meaning 'my friend' in Irish), a 7.4 m ex-RNLI The Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) is the largest charity that saves lives at sea around the coasts of the United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland, the Channel Islands, and the Isle of Man, as well as on some inland waterways. It i ... Atlantic ...
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Borderline-europe
borderline-europe - human rights without borders e. V. is a non-governmental organisation which, through independent investigations and public relations work, advocates the protection of human rights, especially at the EU's external borders. It is based in Berlin and has two branches, on the islands of Sicily and Lesbos. The organisation was founded in 2007 by Judith Gleitze, Harald Glöde, Stefan Schmidt and .Gerrit WustmannDie Toten, die niemand sehen will(''tr. "The dead that nobody wants to see"''), 29 July 2007 ''Telepolis, www.heise.de'', accessed 25 May 2021 In 2012 borderline-europe was awarded the . Its founding was at least partly a response to the 2004 case of the German rescue ship ‘Cap Anamur’ in which, after the rescue of 37 men in distress at sea, the ship's captain, Stefan Schmidt, and the organisation's chairman, Elias Bierdel were arrested and held in Italy before being acquitted, 5 years later, of aiding and abetting irregular entry. Tasks The organisation main ...
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Mare Liberum (NGO)
Mare Liberum is a Berlin-based human rights organisation founded in 2018. Since then, Mare Liberum e.V. has been monitoring human rights in the Aegean Sea, which is part of an escape route from Turkey to the Greek islands, on which part there are frequent drownings. The organisation runs two ships, the ''Mare Liberum'' which operates under the German flag, and the sailing yacht, '' Sebastian K''. On 1 May 2023, Mare Liberum was dissolved and ceased operations citing "sabotage, obstruction, and, repression" from the conservative government of Greece and a current impossibility to continue its role safely in observing the border authorities. Monitoring refugee events The Mare Liberum association was able to document a total of 321 incidents between March and December 2020, in which 9,798 refugees were forcibly driven back to Turkey. The Greek coast guard would have been the main protagonist and, according to survivors, Frontex and NATO were also involved in some cases. Vessels ...
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Refugee
A refugee, conventionally speaking, is a displaced person who has crossed national borders and who cannot or is unwilling to return home due to well-founded fear of persecution.FAQ: Who is a refugee?
''www.unhcr.org'', accessed 22 June 2021
Such a person may be called an until granted by the contracting state or the

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European Migrant Crisis
The 2015 European migrant crisis, also known internationally as the Syrian refugee crisis, was a period of significantly increased movement of refugees and migrants into Europe in 2015, when 1.3 million people came to the continent to request asylum, the most in a single year since World War II. Those requesting asylum in Europe in 2015 were mostly Syrians, but also included significant numbers of Afghans, Nigerians, Pakistanis, Iraqis and Eritreans, as well as economic migrants from the Balkans. Europe had already begun registering increased numbers of refugee arrivals in 2010 due to a confluence of conflicts in parts of the Middle East, Asia and Africa, particularly the wars in Syria, Iraq and Afghanistan, but also terrorist insurgencies in Nigeria and Pakistan, and long-running human rights abuses in Eritrea, all contributing to refugee flows. Many millions initially sought refuge in comparatively stable countries near their origin, but while these countries were largely ...
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Equal Rights Beyond Borders
Equal Rights Beyond Borders is a charitable organisation, founded in 2016, based in Berlin, Germany, and with offices in Athens and Chios, Greece. It offers legal support to refugees, particularly towards the reunion of families and helping with visa procedures. Beyond this, it also offers assistance in cases of detention, and where there is need for access to social rights, and its lawyers take on cases of severe human rights violations. With these aims it both represents specific clients and also takes on certain strategic cases where litigation may help draw attention to more general issues. It operates in Greek and German courts, partnering where appropriate with other organisations in Greece, Germany and at European Union (EU) level. It is in receipt of grant funding from a number of humanitarian organisations, including the Rockefeller Brothers Fund The Rockefeller Brothers Fund (RBF) is a philanthropic foundation created and run by members of the Rockefeller family. It was ...
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The AIRE Centre
The AIRE Centre (Advice on Individual Rights in Europe) is an English registered charity, with offices located in London. It provides free legal advice on human rights and EU law issues in Europe, and seeks to promote the dissemination of information about international human rights law throughout Europe. History The charity states its mission as: Founded in 1993 by human rights lawyer Nuala Mole, it has provided advice and information to more than 8000 individuals on their rights under the two European legal orders (European Union Law and the European Convention on Human Rights). They develop their function by: * Providing free legal advice to other lawyers and advisers in the voluntary sector * Providing free legal advice to individuals directly * Taking cases to the European Court of Human Rights * Carrying out training and drafting reports and other publications Funding The charity gains funding from various sources, including the Equality and Human Rights Commission (April ...
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Sea-Eye
Sea-Eye is a German non-governmental organization headquartered in Regensburg. It participates in the rescue of migrants in distress in the Mediterranean, in particular by having chartered the ships '' Sea-Eye'' and '' Seefuchs/ Sea Fox'' until August 2017, then the '' Alan Kurdi'' (named in memory of the young Syrian found drowned on a Turkish beach in 2015) and since August 2020 the ''Sea-Eye 4''. In June 2021, Sea-Eye received honorary citizenship from the mayor of Palermo. Operations On 3 April 2019, the ''Alan Kurdi'', warned after a call to the emergency number of the (German) Watch the Mediterranean Sea association, rescued 64 migrants (including twelve women and two children aged one and six) off the Libyan coast; Italy and Malta initially refused berthing but after ten days of waiting at sea, the migrants were finally permitted to disembark at the port of Valletta and were divided between Germany, France (twenty of them), Portugal and Luxembourg. On 5 July 2019, off the ...
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Alarm-Phone-Initiative
The Alarm-Phone-Initiative (Also known as: Watch The Med Alarm Phone Project) is a project operated since 8 October 2014 by volunteers from Europe, Tunisia and Morocco, which is committed to the sea rescue of refugees.Christian JakobHotline für Flüchtlinge in Seenot: Druck für mehr Verantwortung(''tr. "Hotline for refugees in distress: pressure for more responsibility"'') In: taz Online, 17 April 2015. Accessed 22 April 2015. The 'Alarm-Phone-Initiative' website provides a web resource to help refugees in need of rescue at sea, while the 'Watch The Med' website monitors and summarises events involving refugees in the Mediterranean. History The initiative emerged from the "Watch The Med" project, which the activists Lorenzo Pezzani and Charles Heller of "Forensic Oceanography" founded in 2012 to document escape stories and accidents in the Mediterranean. Based on the experience gained and inspired by the initiative of Eritrean Mussie Zerai, who had set up his own helplin ...
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SOS Méditerranée
''SOS Méditerranée'' is a European, maritime-humanitarian organization for the rescue of life at sea, currently operating in the Mediterranean sea in international waters north of Libya. The organization chartered the ''Aquarius'' and more recently the ''Ocean Viking'' in order to rescue people fleeing by sea from Libya and who risk drowning. The group was founded in June 2015 by German former captain Klaus Vogel and Frenchwoman Sophie Beau after the Italian navy ended the rescue Operation Mare Nostrum in 2014. Its headquarters are in Marseille (France), Milan (Italy), Frankfurt (Germany), Geneva (Switzerland). European migration The organization is best known for its actions during the European migrant crisis of rescuing migrants from sinking vessels in international waters north of Libya and providing the survivors with medical care and shelter, before being disembarked in a place of safety mostly in European ports in Italy and Malta. Since the start of the rescue operation i ...
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Salvamento Marítimo Humanitario
Salvamento Marítimo Humanitario (Humanitarian Maritime Rescue) (SMH) is a Non-governmental organization (NGO) that is governed by the principles of "volunteering, solidarity, humanity, universality, equality, impartiality and dignity" founded in Zarautz (Gipuzkoa) in 2015. It was created as a rescue group to reinforce the response in the massive arrivals of inflatable dinghies with migrants on the island of Chios, in the Aegean Sea. After the pact of the European Union and Turkey and the consequent reduction in arrivals, the project in Greece adapted to new needs and transformed into a health team. In May 2017, SMH reached a collaboration agreement with another rescue NGO, ProemAid, to found the 'Maydayterraneo-Aita Mari' project. This initiative consists of a rescue ship in the Central Mediterranean, in international waters off the coast of Libya. As of 2021, SMH operates the '' Aita Mari'' rescue ship. Greece In the winter of 2015, the constant arrival of inflatable dinghies o ...
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Mediterranean Sea
The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Western and Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, and on the east by the Levant. The Sea has played a central role in the history of Western civilization. Geological evidence indicates that around 5.9 million years ago, the Mediterranean was cut off from the Atlantic and was partly or completely desiccated over a period of some 600,000 years during the Messinian salinity crisis before being refilled by the Zanclean flood about 5.3 million years ago. The Mediterranean Sea covers an area of about , representing 0.7% of the global ocean surface, but its connection to the Atlantic via the Strait of Gibraltar—the narrow strait that connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea and separates the Iberian Peninsula in Europe from Morocco in Africa—is only wide. The Mediterranean Sea e ...
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