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Rövarspråket
''Rövarspråket'' ( en, The Robber Language) is a Swedish language game. It became popular after the books about Bill Bergson by Astrid Lindgren, where the children use it as a code, both at play and in solving actual crimes. The formula for encoding is simple. Every consonant (spelling matters, not pronunciation) is doubled, and an ''o'' is inserted in-between. Vowels are left intact. It is possible to render the ''Rövarspråket'' version of an English word as well as a Swedish, such as the following for the word ''stubborn'': :''sos-tot-u-bob-bob-o-ror-non'' or ''sostotubobboborornon'' The code is not very useful in written form, but it can be difficult to decode when spoken by a trained user speaking quickly. For an untrained speaker, a word or phrase can often be something of a tongue-twister or a shibboleth. Today, the books (and subsequent films) are so well known in Sweden, and also in Norway, that the language is part of the culture of schoolchildren. Most Scandinavians ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Argot
A cant is the jargon or language of a group, often employed to exclude or mislead people outside the group.McArthur, T. (ed.) ''The Oxford Companion to the English Language'' (1992) Oxford University Press It may also be called a cryptolect, argot, pseudo-language, anti-language or secret language. Each term differs slightly in meaning; their use is inconsistent. Etymology There are two main schools of thought on the origin of the word ''cant'': * In linguistics, the derivation is normally seen to be from the Irish word (older spelling ), "speech, talk", or Scottish Gaelic . It is seen to have derived amongst the itinerant groups of people in Ireland and Scotland, who hailed from both Irish/Scottish Gaelic and English-speaking backgrounds, ultimately developing as various creole languages. However, the various types of cant (Scottish/Irish) are mutually unintelligible. The Irish creole variant is simply termed " the Cant". Its speakers from the Irish Traveller community know it a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bill Bergson
Bill Bergson ( sv, Kalle Blomkvist) is a fictional character created by Swedish writer Astrid Lindgren. The first book featuring him was published in 1946. Lindgren's detective story is about Bill Bergson, a more-or-less ordinary Swedish boy with an extraordinary fascination with detective work. He lives in the small town . He identifies clues, investigates enigmas, and solves the riddle surrounding a mysterious stranger while the police and other adults overlook or dismiss the whole matter. He and his friends several times solve real crimes including mysterious thefts murder and kidnapping. Lindgren wrote shorthand for Harry Söderman, a doctor in criminology, and it was during this work that she learned the basics of criminology that she later used in her stories. Bill and his friends also play a game they call the Wars of the Roses. He, along with his two friends Anders and Eva-Lotta, are the White Rose, while three other kids, Sixten, Jonte and Benka, are the Red Rose. They "fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ubbi Dubbi
Ubbi dubbi is a Language game (linguistics), language game spoken with the English language. Originating in America in the 17th century, it was popularized by the 1972–1978 Public Broadcasting Service, PBS children's show ''Zoom (1972 TV series), Zoom''. When ''Zoom'' was Zoom (1999 TV series), revived in 1999 on PBS, Ubbi dubbi was again a feature of the show. Variations of Ubbi Dubbi include Obbish, Ob, Ib, Arpy Darpy, and wiktionary:-izzle, Iz. Rules Ubbi dubbi works by adding ''-ub-'' before each vowel sound in a syllable (or, as a linguist might put it, "insert [ˈʌb] after each syllable onset"). The stress falls on the "ub" of the syllable that is stressed in the original word. In the word "hello" for example, which is stressed on the "-lo" syllable, the stress falls on the "lub" in "hubellubo". The method of adding "ub" before each vowel sound has been described as "iterative infixation". Examples * Good day → "Gubood dubay" * Speak → "spubeak" * Hello → ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tutnese
Tutnese (also known as Tut and Tutahash) is an argot created by enslaved African Americans based on African-American Vernacular English as a method to covertly teach and learn spelling and reading. Language rules In Tutnese, vowels are pronounced normally, but each consonant is replaced with a different syllable. The linguistics journal ''American Speech'' published the following table detailing syllables that replace consonants in Tutnese: A different set of syllables for the Tutahash language game had appeared in ''The New York Times Magazine'' several decades earlier, and the author noted the similarities between Tutahash and the "Double Dutch" language game, which he claimed to be the third most widely spoken language game in the United States when he was writing in 1944, but he also indicated several differences between the two, detailed in the following table: Double letters in a word, rather than being repeated, are preceded by the syllable ''square'' or ''squa'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Language Game
A language game (also called a cant, secret language, ludling, or argot) is a system of manipulating spoken words to render them incomprehensible to an untrained listener. Language games are used primarily by groups attempting to conceal their conversations from others. Some common examples are Pig Latin; the Gibberish family, prevalent in the United States and Sweden; and Verlan, spoken in France. A common difficulty with language games is that they are usually passed down orally; while written translations can be made, they are often imperfect, and thus spelling can vary widely. Some factions argue that words in these spoken tongues should simply be written the way they are pronounced, while others insist that the purity of language demands that the transformation remain visible when the words are imparted to paper. Use Some language games such as Pig Latin are so widely known that privacy is virtually impossible, as most people have a passable understanding of how it works a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sweden
Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and north, Finland to the east, and is connected to Denmark in the southwest by a bridgetunnel across the Öresund. At , Sweden is the largest Nordic country, the third-largest country in the European Union, and the fifth-largest country in Europe. The capital and largest city is Stockholm. Sweden has a total population of 10.5 million, and a low population density of , with around 87% of Swedes residing in urban areas in the central and southern half of the country. Sweden has a nature dominated by forests and a large amount of lakes, including some of the largest in Europe. Many long rivers run from the Scandes range through the landscape, primarily ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Javanais
Javanais () is a type of French slang where the extra syllable is infixed inside a word after every consonant that is followed by a vowel, in order to render it incomprehensible. Some common examples are ''gros'' (, "fat") which becomes ''gravos'' (); ''bonjour'' (, "hello"'), which becomes ''bavonjavour'' (); and ''pénible'' (, "annoying"), becomes ''pavénaviblave'' (). ''Paris'' () becomes ''Pavaravis'' (). Javanais is determined by the production rule: ''CV → CavV''. There are also many variations that can be made upon the same pattern such as: ''CabV, CalV, CanV'', etc. In French the word ''Javanais'' is also used to refer to the Javanese language. Around 1957, Boris Vian wrote a song ''La Java Javanaise''. The lyrics are a didactical method to learn the javanais. Each verse is firstly articulated in regular French, then translated in slang. As the title suggests, the song is a Java, a Parisian dance craze. In 1962, Serge Gainsbourg wrote and sang a song called ''La Ja ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pig Latin
Pig Latin is a language game or argot in which words in English are altered, usually by adding a fabricated suffix or by moving the onset or initial consonant or consonant cluster of a word to the end of the word and adding a vocalic syllable to create such a suffix. For example, Wikipedia would become Ikipediaway (taking the 'W' and 'ay' to create a suffix). The objective is to conceal the words from others not familiar with the rules. The reference to Latin is a deliberate misnomer; Pig Latin is simply a form of argot or jargon unrelated to Latin, and the name is used for its English connotations as a strange and foreign-sounding language. It is most often used by young children as a fun way to confuse people unfamiliar with Pig Latin. Origins and history Early mentions of pig Latin or hog Latin describe what we would today call dog Latin, a type of parody Latin. Examples of this predate even Shakespeare, whose 1598 play, ''Love's Labour's Lost'', includes a reference to do ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jeringonza
{{Infobox Language game , nativename = ''Jeringozo'', ''Idioma de la Pe'' , states = Spain, Latin America , classification = Jeringonza , hostlanguage = Spanish, European Portuguese, Brazilian Portuguese, others Jeringonza is a Spanish language game played by children in Spain and all over Hispanic America. It consists of adding the letter ''p'' after each vowel of a word, and repeating the vowel. For example, ''Carlos'' turns into ''Cápar-lopos''. For syllables with multiple vowels, usually only the stressed vowel is used. ''Australia'' becomes ''Apaus-trapa-liapa''. Some people treat all vowels alike: they would say ''Apa-upus-trapa-lipi-apa''. Yet another variant inserts the ''p''+vowel at the end of all syllables instead of just after the vowel: ''Carlos'' does not become ''Cápar-lopos'' in this version, but ''Carpa-lospo''. This language game is also known by alternate names in Spanish-speaking countries: ''jeringozo'' in Argentina and Uruguay, ''jerigonzo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shibboleth
A shibboleth (; hbo, , šībbōleṯ) is any custom or tradition, usually a choice of phrasing or even a single word, that distinguishes one group of people from another. Shibboleths have been used throughout history in many societies as passwords, simple ways of self-identification, signaling loyalty and affinity, maintaining traditional segregation, or protecting from real or perceived threats. Origin The term originates from the Hebrew word (), which means the part of a plant containing grain, such as the head of a stalk of wheat or rye; or less commonly (but arguably more appropriately) "flood, torrent". The modern use derives from an account in the Hebrew Bible, in which pronunciation of this word was used to distinguish Ephraimites, whose dialect used a differently sounding first consonant. The difference concerns the Hebrew letter ''shin'', which is now pronounced as (as in '' shoe''). In the Book of Judges, chapter 12, after the inhabitants of Gilead under the comma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Língua Do Pê
Língua dos Pês (Portuguese language, Portuguese, ''P Language'') is a Language game (linguistics), language game spoken in Brazil and Portugal with Portuguese language, Portuguese. It is also known in other languages, such as Dutch language, Dutch, Afrikaans, and Estonian language, Estonian. Function There are at least three different "dialects," or variations, of Língua do Pê. "Double talk" dialect This "dialect" of Língua do Pê is just like the Jeringonza and the Idioma F language games in Spanish language, Spanish. It works by repeating the Syllable rime, rime of each syllable, beginning it with ''p'' (''pê'' in Portuguese). Examples: * você → ''vo-po-cê-pê'' * gato → ''ga-pa-to-po'' * menino → ''me-pe-ni-pi-no-po'' Vowel-changing dialect This "dialect" is like the one described above, except that some vowels are changed. When an open syllable (one that ends in a vowel) has or as its vowel, it is changed to and , respectively. : Example: * * ''Voc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tongue-twister
A tongue twister is a phrase that is designed to be difficult to articulate properly, and can be used as a type of spoken (or sung) word game. Additionally, they can be used as exercises to improve pronunciation and fluency. Some tongue twisters produce results that are humorous (or humorously vulgar) when they are mispronounced, while others simply rely on the confusion and mistakes of the speaker for their amusement value. Types of tongue twisters Some tongue twisters rely on rapid alternation between similar but distinct phonemes (e.g., ''s'' and ''sh'' ), combining two different alternation patterns, familiar constructs in loanwords, or other features of a spoken language in order to be difficult to articulate. For example, the following sentence was said to be "the most difficult of common English-language tongue twisters" by William Poundstone. These deliberately difficult expressions were popular in the 19th century. The popular "she sells seashells" tongue twister was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
