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Robert De Melun
Robert de Melun (died 1585), viscount of Ghent and marquis of Roubaix, was a nobleman from the Low Countries who fought in the Eighty Years' War. Life Melun was the son of Hugues d'Epinoy and Yoldande de Warchin, lady of Roubaix, and was probably born towards the middle of the 16th century. Ch. Piot, "Melun (Robert de)", ''Biographie Nationale de Belgique''vol. 14(Brussels, 1897), 336-339. In May 1574 Philip II of Spain appointed him commander of a bande d'ordonnance, but he was disqualified from receiving his commission after killing Philip of Mansfeld in a quarrel at court on 28 May. Mathieu Moulart, abbot of Saint-Ghislain, mediated a reconciliation between Melun and his victim's father, Peter Ernst I von Mansfeld-Vorderort. As a leading member of the nobility, Melun was a signatory of the Pacification of Ghent and the Union of Brussels. He was appointed Governor of the County of Artois in October 1576, and on 11 September 1577 general of cavalry in the forces of the States ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Low Countries
The term Low Countries, also known as the Low Lands ( nl, de Lage Landen, french: les Pays-Bas, lb, déi Niddereg Lännereien) and historically called the Netherlands ( nl, de Nederlanden), Flanders, or Belgica, is a coastal lowland region in Northwestern Europe forming the lower basin of the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta and consisting of three countries: Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg. Geographically and historically, the area also includes parts of France and Germany such as the French Flanders and the German regions of East Frisia and Cleves. During the Middle Ages, the Low Countries were divided into numerous semi-independent principalities. Historically, the regions without access to the sea linked themselves politically and economically to those with access to form various unions of ports and hinterland, stretching inland as far as parts of the German Rhineland. Because of this, nowadays not only physically low-altitude areas, but also some hilly or elevated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty Of Arras (1579)
The Treaty of Arras of 17 May 1579 was a peace treaty concluded between the Spanish Crown, represented by Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma, and representatives of the County of Hainaut, the County of Artois, and the cities of Douai, Lille, Orchies and Arras, all members of the Union of Arras, that had been formed the previous January, at the Abbey of St Vaast in Arras. It was a separate peace that formally ended the state of war that had existed between these entities during the Eighty Years' War. The provinces that had formed the Union of Utrecht continued the war. Background After Don Juan of Austria, the royal governor-general of the Habsburg Netherlands had broken with the States General of the Netherlands in July 1579 and resumed hostilities the members of the Union of Brussels initially maintained their common front against the government of king Philip II of Spain. But after the death of Don Juan in October 1578 his successor, the Duke of Parma, approached a Catholic factio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1585 Deaths
Events January–June * January – The Netherlands adopts the Gregorian calendar. * February – The Spanish seize Brussels. * April 24 – Pope Sixtus V succeeds Pope Gregory XIII, as the 227th pope. * May 19 – Spain seizes English ships in Spanish ports, precipitating the Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604). * June 11 – The magnitude 9.3 1585 Aleutian Islands earthquake unleashes a tsunami in the Pacific Ocean, killing many people in Hawaii and reportedly striking Japan. July–December * July 7 – The Treaty of Nemours forces King Henry III of France to capitulate to the demands of the Catholic League, triggering the Eighth War of Religion (also known as the War of the Three Henrys) in France. * August 8 – English explorer John Davis enters Cumberland Sound in Baffin Island, in his quest for the Northwest Passage. * August 14 – Queen Elizabeth I of England agrees to establish a protectorate over the Net ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
16th-century Births
The 16th century begins with the Julian year 1501 ( MDI) and ends with either the Julian or the Gregorian year 1600 ( MDC) (depending on the reckoning used; the Gregorian calendar introduced a lapse of 10 days in October 1582). The 16th century is regarded by historians as the century which saw the rise of Western civilization and the Islamic gunpowder empires. The Renaissance in Italy and Europe saw the emergence of important artists, authors and scientists, and led to the foundation of important subjects which include accounting and political science. Copernicus proposed the heliocentric universe, which was met with strong resistance, and Tycho Brahe refuted the theory of celestial spheres through observational measurement of the 1572 appearance of a Milky Way supernova. These events directly challenged the long-held notion of an immutable universe supported by Ptolemy and Aristotle, and led to major revolutions in astronomy and science. Galileo Galilei became a champion ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fall Of Antwerp
The Fall of Antwerp on 17 August 1585 took place during the Eighty Years' War, after a siege lasting over a year from July 1584 until August 1585. The city of Antwerp was the focal point of the Protestant-dominated Dutch Revolt, but was forced to surrender to the Spanish forces. Under the terms agreed, all Protestants were given four years to settle their affairs and leave the city. Many migrated north, especially to Amsterdam, which became the capital of the Dutch Republic. Apart from losing a high proportion of its mercantile population, Antwerp's trade suffered for two centuries as Dutch forts blockaded the River Scheldt up to 1795. Background At the time Antwerp, in modern Belgium, was not only the largest Dutch city, but was also the cultural, economic, and financial centre of the Seventeen Provinces and of north-western Europe. On 4 November 1576, unpaid Spanish soldiery mutinied: they plundered and burnt the city during what was called the Spanish Fury. Thousands of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Knight Of The Golden Fleece
This article contains a list of knights of the Order of the Golden Fleece. Knights of the Burgundian Golden Fleece 15th Century !Year of Induction!!Name!!Born!!Died!!Notes , - , rowspan=25, 1430, , Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, , 1396, , 1467, , Founder and First Head of the Order , - , Guillaume de Vienne, Seigneur de Saint-George, , 1360, , 1435, , , - , Regnier Pot, Seigneur de la Prugne, , ?, , 1432, , , - , Jehan, Seigneur de Roubaix, , 1369, , 1449, , , - , Roland d'Uutkercke, Seigneur de Hemsrode, , ?, , 1442, , , - , Antoine de Vergy, Comte de Dammartin, , ?, , 1439, , , - , David de Brimeu, Seigneur de Ligny, , ?, , 1451, , , - , Hue de Lannoy, Seigneur de Santes, , 1384, , 1456, , , - , Jehan, Seigneur de Comines, , ?, , 1442, , , - , Antoine de Toulonjon, , ?, , 1432, , Marshal of Burgundy , - , Pierre de Luxembourg, Comte de Saint-Pol, , 1390, , 1433, , , - , Jehan de la Trémoille, Seigneur de Jo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Army Of Flanders
The Army of Flanders ( es, Ejército de Flandes nl, Leger van Vlaanderen) was a multinational army in the service of the kings of Spain that was based in the Spanish Netherlands during the 16th to 18th centuries. It was notable for being the longest-serving army of the period, being in continuous service from 1567 until its disestablishment in 1706 and taking part in numerous pivotal battles of the Dutch Revolt (1567–1609) and the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648). Because it employed or pioneered many developing military concepts more reminiscent of later military units, enjoying permanent, standing regiments (''tercios''), barracks, military hospitals and rest homes long before they were adopted in most of Europe, the Army of Flanders has been considered the world's de facto first modern professional standing army. Sustained at huge cost and at significant distances from Spain via the Spanish Road, the Army of Flanders also became infamous for successive mutinies and its ill-d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre De Melun
Pierre de Melun (died 1594), prince of Espinoy, marquis of Richebourg, baron of Antoing, etc., was a nobleman in the Low Countries during the Dutch Revolt who took the side of the rebels against Philip II of Spain. Life Melun was born in the first half of the 16th century, probably in Antoing, the son and heir of Hugues, count of Epinoy, and Yolande, lady of Warchin. Ch. Piot, "Melun (Pierre de)", ''Biographie Nationale de Belgique'', vol. 14 (Brussels, 1897), 332-335. He was the hereditary constable and senechal of the County of Hainaut. In 1576 the Estates General appointed him governor of the city and castle of Tournai and of the Tounaisis. In 1577 he was declared a rebel and his properties in the Low Countries were confiscated by the crown and awarded to his younger brother, Robert de Melun. At Robert's death they passed to his sister, Anne-Marie de Melun, who was married to Lamoral de Ligne. Pierre de Melun was the leading figure in the rebel response to the reconciliation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marie-Christine De Lalaing
Marie-Christine de Lalaing, or Philippe-Christine de Lalaing, was the daughter of Count Charles II of Lalaing and Marie de Montmorency-Nivelle. She was married to Pierre de Melun, the governor of Tournai. In the absence of her husband, she defended the city of Tournai against Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma, in 1581. Defense of Tournai In the middle of the 16th Century, Calvinist preachers garnered large support in Tournai, despite the efforts of Philip II of Spain to eradicate the movement. In 1576, the States General of the Netherlands appointed Pierre de Melun as governor of Tournai. Having left Tournai to attack Gravelines, de Melun entrusted the defense of Tournai to his lieutenant and to his wife, Marie-Christine de Lalaing. Shortly after his departure, the Prince of Orange was warned that Farnese would attack the city, despite the coming winter. When the Army of Flanders arrived at the city, Marie-Christine de Lalaing rallied her troops in a speech: "It's me, the wife of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siege Of Tournai (1581)
The siege of Tournai may refer to: * Siege of Tournai (1197) : The Count of Flanders and Hainault, Baldwin VI of Hainaut unsuccessfully besieged it. * Siege of Tournai (1213) : Infante Ferdinand, husband of Jeanne, Countess of Flanders, besieged and took the city on 1 October 1213 * Siege of Tournai (1303) : during the Franco-Flemish War, besieged by Flemish troops, siege ended by a treaty * Siege of Tournai (1340) : during the Hundred Years' War, the city was unsuccessfully besieged by the English and their Flemish allies * Siege of Tournai (1513) : during Henry VIII of England's campaigns against France * Siege of Tournai (1521) : during the Italian War of 1521–1526, the city was taken from the French by the Holy Roman Empire * Siege of Tournai (1581) * Siege of Tournai (1667) : during the War of Devolution * Siege of Tournai (1709) : during the War of the Spanish Succession * Siege of Tournai (1745) : after the battle of Fontenoy The Battle of Fontenoy was a major e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siege Of Bouchain (1580)
The siege of Bouchain (9 August – 12 September 1711), following the Passage of the Lines of ''Ne Plus Ultra'' (5 August 1711), was a siege of the War of the Spanish Succession, and the last major victory of John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough. Marlborough and François Nicolas Fagel broke through the French defensive lines and took Bouchain after a siege of 34 days. Its capture left Cambrai the only French-held fortress between the allied army and Paris. Prelude Throughout the early summer of 1711 Marlborough's army, having taken the important fortress of Douai the previous year, manoeuvred indecisively in northern France, blocked by the French Lines of Ne Plus Ultra – a massive series of fieldworks stretching from the Channel coast to the Ardennes at Namur. The allied army had been weakened by the withdrawal of Prince Eugene's army to cover the upper Rhine, as the deposed Elector of Bavaria attempted to take advantage of the disruption caused by the death of the Em ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mons
Mons (; German and nl, Bergen, ; Walloon and pcd, Mont) is a city and municipality of Wallonia, and the capital of the province of Hainaut, Belgium. Mons was made into a fortified city by Count Baldwin IV of Hainaut in the 12th century. The population grew quickly, trade flourished, and several commercial buildings were erected near the ''Grand’Place''. In 1814, King William I of the Netherlands increased the fortifications, following the fall of the First French Empire. The Industrial Revolution and coal mining made Mons a centre of heavy industry. In 1830, Belgium gained its independence and the decision was made to dismantle the fortifications, allowing the creation of large boulevards and other urban projects. On 2324 August 1914, Mons was the location of the Battle of Mons. The British were forced to retreat and the town remained occupied by the Germans until its liberation by the Canadian Corps during the final days of the war. There are several memorial placard ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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