Robert L. Pugh
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Robert L. Pugh
Robert Lee Pugh (October 27, 1931 – January 28, 2013) was an American diplomat. He was the United States Ambassador to Chad from 1988 to 1989 and Mauritania from 1985 to 1988. Biography Pugh was born on October 27, 1931, in Clinton, Pennsylvania. He graduated from the University of Washington with a B.A. in 1954. From 1954 to 1961, Pugh served in the United States Marine Corps. He entered the U.S. Foreign Service in 1961. He served as an international economist for the Department of State from 1961 to 1963. He also served as a political-military officer in Ankara, Turkey, from 1964 to 1967, and as principal officer of the American consulate in Isfahan, Iran, from 1967 to 1969. From 1969 to 1972, he was a political officer in the Office of Turkish Affairs for the Bureau of Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs in the Department of State. He served as a political-military officer in Athens, Greece, from 1972 to 1976, congressional relations officer at the Department of State from 1 ...
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Ronald Reagan
Ronald Wilson Reagan ( ; February 6, 1911June 5, 2004) was an American politician, actor, and union leader who served as the 40th president of the United States from 1981 to 1989. He also served as the 33rd governor of California from 1967 to 1975, after having a career in entertainment. Reagan was born in Tampico, Illinois. He graduated from Eureka College in 1932 and began to work as a sports announcer in Iowa. In 1937, Reagan moved to California, where he found Ronald Reagan filmography, work as a film actor. From 1947 to 1952, Reagan served as the president of the Screen Actors Guild, working to Hollywood blacklist, root out alleged communist influence within it. In the 1950s, he moved to a career in television and became a spokesman for General Electric. From 1959 to 1960, he again served as the guild's president. In 1964, his speech "A Time for Choosing" earned him national attention as a new conservative figure. Building a network of supporters, Reagan was 1966 Califo ...
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Isfahan
Isfahan ( fa, اصفهان, Esfahân ), from its Achaemenid empire, ancient designation ''Aspadana'' and, later, ''Spahan'' in Sassanian Empire, middle Persian, rendered in English as ''Ispahan'', is a major city in the Greater Isfahan Region, Isfahan Province, Iran. It is located south of Tehran and is the capital of Isfahan Province. The city has a population of approximately 2,220,000, making it the third-largest city in Iran, after Tehran and Mashhad, and the second-largest metropolitan area. Isfahan is located at the intersection of the two principal routes that traverse Iran, north–south and east–west. Isfahan flourished between the 9th and 18th centuries. Under the Safavids, Safavid dynasty, Isfahan became the capital of Achaemenid Empire, Persia, for the second time in its history, under Shah Abbas the Great. The city retains much of its history. It is famous for its Perso–Islamic architecture, grand boulevards, covered bridges, palaces, tiled mosques, and mina ...
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1931 Births
Events January * January 2 – South Dakota native Ernest Lawrence invents the cyclotron, used to accelerate particles to study nuclear physics. * January 4 – German pilot Elly Beinhorn begins her flight to Africa. * January 22 – Sir Isaac Isaacs is sworn in as the first Australian-born Governor-General of Australia. * January 25 – Mohandas Gandhi is again released from imprisonment in India. * January 27 – Pierre Laval forms a government in France. February * February 4 – Soviet leader Joseph Stalin gives a speech calling for rapid industrialization, arguing that only strong industrialized countries will win wars, while "weak" nations are "beaten". Stalin states: "We are fifty or a hundred years behind the advanced countries. We must make good this distance in ten years. Either we do it, or they will crush us." The first five-year plan in the Soviet Union is intensified, for the industrialization and collectivization of agriculture. * February 10 ...
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Ambassadors Of The United States To Mauritania
The United States embassy in Mauritania is located in Nouakchott. Mauritania – United States relations have been developing since 1960. The incumbent ambassador is Cynthia Kierscht. Ambassadors * Henry S. Villard – Career FSO **Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary. **''Resident in, and concurrent US Ambassador to, neighbouring Senegal'' **Appointed: November 28, 1960 **Terminated mission: Left post, April 30, 1961 * Philip M. Kaiser – Career FSO **Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary. **''Resident in, and concurrent US Ambassador to, neighbouring Senegal'' **Appointed: August 1, 1961 **Terminated mission: Left post, May 18, 1964 * William L. Eagleton, Jr – Career FSO **Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary. ''Ad Interim'' **Appointed: 1962 **Terminated mission: 1964 * Geoffrey W. Lewis – Career FSO **Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary. **Appointed: March 31, 1965 **Terminated mission: Left ...
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Ambassadors Of The United States To Chad
This is a list of ambassadors of the United States to Chad. *9 Jan 1961 – 28 May 1961 W. Wendell Blancke (Resident at Republic of Congo) *Jan 1961 - May 1961 Frederic L. Chapin (Interim) *28 May 1961 – 1 Apr 1963 John A. Calhoun *12 Aug 1963 – 20 Jan 1967 Brewster H. Morris *23 Sep 1967 – 9 May 1969 Sheldon B. Vance *21 Aug 1969 – 29 Jun 1972 Terence A. Todman *6 Dec 1972 – 23 Jun 1974 Edward W. Mulcahy *7 Dec 1974 – 23 Feb 1976 Edward S. Little *15 Oct 1976 – 19 Jun 1979 William G. Bradford *17 Nov 1979 – 24 Mar 1980 Donald R. Norland (Embassy closed 24 Mar 1980) *15 Jan 1982 – 27 May 1983 John Blane (Reopened embassy 15 Jan 1982, as Principal Officer and Chargé d'Affaires ad interim) *27 May 1983 – 23 Jul 1985 Jay P. Moffat *2 Sep 1985 – 4 Oct 1988 John Blane *15 Oct 1988 – 15 Nov 1989 Robert L. Pugh *4 Aug 1990 – 21 Jul 1993 Richard Wayne Bogosian *3 Sep 1993 – 26 Jun 1996 Laurence Everett Pope II *12 Sep 1996 – 6 Aug 1999 David C. H ...
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United States Ambassador To Chad
This is a list of ambassadors of the United States to Chad. *9 Jan 1961 – 28 May 1961 W. Wendell Blancke (Resident at Republic of Congo) *Jan 1961 - May 1961 Frederic L. Chapin (Interim) *28 May 1961 – 1 Apr 1963 John A. Calhoun *12 Aug 1963 – 20 Jan 1967 Brewster H. Morris *23 Sep 1967 – 9 May 1969 Sheldon B. Vance *21 Aug 1969 – 29 Jun 1972 Terence A. Todman *6 Dec 1972 – 23 Jun 1974 Edward W. Mulcahy *7 Dec 1974 – 23 Feb 1976 Edward S. Little *15 Oct 1976 – 19 Jun 1979 William G. Bradford *17 Nov 1979 – 24 Mar 1980 Donald R. Norland (Embassy closed 24 Mar 1980) *15 Jan 1982 – 27 May 1983 John Blane (Reopened embassy 15 Jan 1982, as Principal Officer and Chargé d'Affaires ad interim) *27 May 1983 – 23 Jul 1985 Jay P. Moffat *2 Sep 1985 – 4 Oct 1988 John Blane *15 Oct 1988 – 15 Nov 1989 Robert L. Pugh *4 Aug 1990 – 21 Jul 1993 Richard Wayne Bogosian *3 Sep 1993 – 26 Jun 1996 Laurence Everett Pope II *12 Sep 1996 – 6 Aug 1999 David C. H ...
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Parkinson's Disease
Parkinson's disease (PD), or simply Parkinson's, is a long-term degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that mainly affects the motor system. The symptoms usually emerge slowly, and as the disease worsens, non-motor symptoms become more common. The most obvious early symptoms are tremor, rigidity, slowness of movement, and difficulty with walking. Cognitive and behavioral problems may also occur with depression, anxiety, and apathy occurring in many people with PD. Parkinson's disease dementia becomes common in the advanced stages of the disease. Those with Parkinson's can also have problems with their sleep and sensory systems. The motor symptoms of the disease result from the death of cells in the substantia nigra, a region of the midbrain, leading to a dopamine deficit. The cause of this cell death is poorly understood, but involves the build-up of misfolded proteins into Lewy bodies in the neurons. Collectively, the main motor symptoms are also known as ...
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UTA Flight 772
UTA Flight 772 was a scheduled international passenger flight of the French airline Union de Transports Aériens (UTA) operating from Brazzaville in the People's Republic of the Congo, via N'Djamena in Chad, to Charles de Gaulle Airport in Paris, France, that crashed into the Ténéré desert near Bilma, Niger, on 19 September 1989 with the loss of all 170 people on board, after an in-flight explosion caused by a suitcase bomb. It is the deadliest aviation incident to occur in Niger. Aircraft and crew The aircraft, a McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30, with American registration serial number 46852, was manufactured in 1973.UTA N54629 (Airfleets)
Retrieved: 20 April 2014.
It was the 125th DC-10 produced, and had accumulated 14,777 flight cycles over 60,276 flight hours at the time of its



Lebanon
Lebanon ( , ar, لُبْنَان, translit=lubnān, ), officially the Republic of Lebanon () or the Lebanese Republic, is a country in Western Asia. It is located between Syria to the north and east and Israel to the south, while Cyprus lies to its west across the Mediterranean Sea; its location at the crossroads of the Mediterranean Basin and the Arabian hinterland has contributed to its rich history and shaped a cultural identity of religious diversity. It is part of the Levant region of the Middle East. Lebanon is home to roughly six million people and covers an area of , making it the second smallest country in continental Asia. The official language of the state is Arabic, while French is also formally recognized; the Lebanese dialect of Arabic is used alongside Modern Standard Arabic throughout the country. The earliest evidence of civilization in Lebanon dates back over 7000 years, predating recorded history. Modern-day Lebanon was home to the Phoenicians, a m ...
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Beirut
Beirut, french: Beyrouth is the capital and largest city of Lebanon. , Greater Beirut has a population of 2.5 million, which makes it the third-largest city in the Levant region. The city is situated on a peninsula at the midpoint of Lebanon's Mediterranean coast. Beirut has been inhabited for more than 5,000 years, and was one of Phoenicia's most prominent city states, making it one of the oldest cities in the world (see Berytus). The first historical mention of Beirut is found in the Amarna letters from the New Kingdom of Egypt, which date to the 14th century BC. Beirut is Lebanon's seat of government and plays a central role in the Lebanese economy, with many banks and corporations based in the city. Beirut is an important seaport for the country and region, and rated a Beta + World City by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. Beirut was severely damaged by the Lebanese Civil War, the 2006 Lebanon War, and the 2020 massive explosion in the ...
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United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands within the British Isles. Northern Ireland shares a land border with the Republic of Ireland; otherwise, the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel, the Celtic Sea and the Irish Sea. The total area of the United Kingdom is , with an estimated 2020 population of more than 67 million people. The United Kingdom has evolved from a series of annexations, unions and separations of constituent countries over several hundred years. The Treaty of Union between the Kingdom of England (which included Wales, annexed in 1542) and the Kingdom of Scotland in 170 ...
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London
London is the capital and largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary down to the North Sea, and has been a major settlement for two millennia. The City of London, its ancient core and financial centre, was founded by the Romans as '' Londinium'' and retains its medieval boundaries.See also: Independent city § National capitals The City of Westminster, to the west of the City of London, has for centuries hosted the national government and parliament. Since the 19th century, the name "London" has also referred to the metropolis around this core, historically split between the counties of Middlesex, Essex, Surrey, Kent, and Hertfordshire, which largely comprises Greater London, governed by the Greater London Authority.The Greater London Authority consists of the Mayor of London and the London Assembly. The London Mayor is distinguished fr ...
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