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Robert Armstrong (racehorse Trainer)
Robert Walter Armstrong (15 January 1944 – 5 February 2021) was a British horse trainer who trained horses competing in flat racing. In a career lasting from 1973 until 2000 he trained the winners of 737 races in Great Britain, including 13 at Group One level. He was the son of Sam Armstrong (1904–1982) and grandson of Bob Armstrong, who were both also racehorse trainers. Robert Armstong's sister, Susan, married the champion jockey Lester Piggott. The best horses he trained were Moorestyle and Never So Bold, both European champion sprinters. Major wins *Coronation Cup - (1) - ''Be My Native (1983)'' *International Stakes - (1) - ''Shady Heights (1988)'' *July Cup - (2) - ''Moorestyle (1980), Never So Bold (1985)'' *King's Stand Stakes - (1) - ''Never So Bold (1985)'' *Middle Park Stakes - (1) - ''Mattaboy (1980)'' *Nunthorpe Stakes - (1) - ''Never So Bold (1985)'' *Prix de la Forêt - (2) - ''Moorestyle (1980, 1981)'' *Prix du Moulin de Longchamp - (1) - ''Sparkler (1973)'' * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Horse Trainer
A horse trainer is a person who tends to horses and teaches them different disciplines. Some of the responsibilities trainers have are caring for the animals' physical needs, as well as teaching them submissive behaviors and/or coaching them for events, which may include contests and other riding purposes. The level of education and the yearly salary they can earn for this profession may differ depending on where the person is employed. History Domestication of the horse, Horse domestication by the Botai culture in Kazakhstan dates to about 3500 BC. Written records of horse training as a pursuit has been documented as early as 1350 BC, by Kikkuli, the Hurrian "master horse trainer" of the Hittite Empire. Another source of early recorded history of horse training as a discipline comes from the Ancient Greece, Greek writer Xenophon, in his treatise On Horsemanship. Writing circa 350 BC, Xenophon addressed Horse training, starting young horses, selecting older animals, and proper Ho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King's Stand Stakes
The King's Stand Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to horses aged three years or older. It is run at Ascot over a distance of 5 furlongs (1,006 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in June. History The event was created as a result of bad weather at Royal Ascot in 1860. Heavy rain made it impossible to run the Royal Stand Plate over its usual distance of 2 miles, so it was shortened to 5 furlongs on the only raceable part of the course. The amended version was called the Queen's Stand Plate, and it subsequently became the most important sprint at the Royal meeting. For a period it was open to horses aged two or older. It was renamed the King's Stand Stakes following the death of Queen Victoria and the accession of King Edward VII in 1901. The present system of race grading was introduced in 1971, and the King's Stand Stakes was given Group 1 status in 1973. It was downgraded to Group 2 level i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1944 Births
Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 2 – WWII: ** Free France, Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command First Army (France), French Army B, part of the Sixth United States Army Group in North Africa. ** Landing at Saidor: 13,000 US and Australian troops land on Papua New Guinea, in an attempt to cut off a Japanese retreat. * January 8 – WWII: Philippine Commonwealth troops enter the province of Ilocos Sur in northern Luzon and attack Japanese forces. * January 11 ** President of the United States Franklin D. Roosevelt proposes a Second Bill of Rights for social and economic security, in his State of the Union address. ** The Nazi German administration expands Kraków-Płaszów concentration camp into the larger standalone ''Konzentrationslager Plaszow bei Krakau'' in occupied Poland. * January 12 – WWII: Winston Churchill and Charles de Gaulle begin a 2-day conference in Marrakech ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maroof (horse)
Maroof (12 April 1990 – 30 December 1999) was an American-bred, British-trained Thoroughbred racehorse and sire best known for his upset victory over a top-class field in the 1994 Queen Elizabeth II Stakes. He showed very promising form in his four races as a juvenile in 1992, winning the Group Three Vintage Stakes and finishing a close second in the Group One National Stakes. He had problems with injuries as a three-year-old and won one minor race from only two starts in the autumn. As a four-year-old he ran consistently, finishing second in the Brigadier Gerard Stakes, International Stakes and Park Stakes but appeared to be just below top class. On his final appearance however, he produced by far his best performance as he led from the start and won the Queen Elizabeth II Stakes at odd of 66/1 from opponents including Barathea, Bigstone, Distant View, Turtle Island, East of the Moon and Sayyedati. He was retired to stud at the end of the year and had some success as a si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Queen Elizabeth II Stakes
The Queen Elizabeth II Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to horses aged three years or older. It is run at Ascot over a distance of 1 mile (1,609 metres), and it is scheduled to take place as part of British Champions Day each year in October. History The event was established in 1955, and it was originally held in September. It was created when a race called the Knights' Royal Stakes was renamed in honour of Queen Elizabeth II. The first three winners were all trained in France. The present system of race grading was introduced in 1971, and the "QEII" was initially given Group 2 status. It was promoted to Group 1 level in 1987. The race was added to the Breeders' Cup Challenge series in 2008. From this point the winner earned an automatic invitation to compete in the Breeders' Cup Mile. It was removed from the series in 2012. The Queen Elizabeth II Stakes was switched to October in 2011. It be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prix Du Moulin De Longchamp
The Prix du Moulin de Longchamp is a Group 1 flat horse race in France open to horses aged three years or older. It is run at Longchamp over a distance of 1,600 metres (about 1 mile), and it is scheduled to take place each year in September. History The event is named after the Moulin de Longchamp, a windmill located within the grounds of the racecourse. The mill was originally part of an abbey, and its foundation stone was laid by Saint Louis in 1256. It was destroyed during the French Revolution, but reconstructed when the racecourse was built in 1856. The Prix du Moulin de Longchamp was one of two major races introduced to celebrate Longchamp's centenary in 1957. Both initially took place on the first Sunday in October, the same day as the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe. The other race, the Prix de l'Abbaye de Longchamp, is still held at that meeting. The Prix du Moulin was moved to late September in 1974, and to the first Sunday o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prix De La Forêt
The Prix de la Forêt is a Group 1 flat horse race in France open to thoroughbreds aged three years or older. It is run at Longchamp over a distance of 1,400 metres (about 7 furlongs), and it is scheduled to take place each year in early October. History The event was originally held at Chantilly, and it is named after Chantilly Forest. It was established in 1858, and was initially a 2,100-metre race for two or three-year-old colts and fillies. It took place in late October. The Prix de la Forêt was not run in 1870, because of the Franco-Prussian War. It was cut to 1,600 metres and opened to older horses in 1878. It was cancelled again in 1906, and transferred to Longchamp in 1907. The race was abandoned throughout World War I, with no running from 1914 to 1918. It was shortened to 1,400 metres in 1923. It was cancelled once during World War II, in 1939. It was staged at Auteuil in 1940, and Le Tremblay in 1943 and 1944. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nunthorpe Stakes
The Nunthorpe Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to horses aged two years or older. It is run at York over a distance of 5 furlongs (1,006 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in August. History The event is named after Nunthorpe, an area of York. The first version, a low-grade selling race, was established in 1903. The present version began in 1922, and the inaugural running was won by Two Step. The race was sponsored by William Hill from 1976 to 1989, and during this period it was known as the William Hill Sprint Championship. It has had several different sponsors since then, and the latest is Coolmore Stud, which started supporting the event in 2007. The Nunthorpe Stakes became part of the Breeders' Cup Challenge series in 2011. The winner of the race now earns an automatic invitation to compete in the same year's Breeders' Cup Turf Sprint. The event is one of a limited number ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mattaboy
Mattaboy (3 March 1978 – ca. 1999) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. As a two-year-old in 1980 he won on his debut and went on to finish second in the Mill Reef Stakes before recording his most important victory in the Middle Park Stakes. He failed to win in 1981 but produced a career-best performance when narrowly beaten by To-Agori-Mou in the 2000 Guineas. A brief sojourn in the United States was unsuccessful and he was well beaten in two starts as a four-year-old. After his retirement from racing Mattaboy stood as a breeding stallion in Japan, where he had limited success as a sire of winners. Background Mattaboy was a chestnut horse with a narrow white blaze bred in England by the Cheveley Park Stud. He was from the first crop of foals sired by Music Boy, a high-class sprinter whose wins included the Gimcrack Stakes in 1975 and the King George Stakes in the following year. He began his stud career at the "bargain basement" fee of £500 but was the leading f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Middle Park Stakes
The Middle Park Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to two-year-old colts. It is run on the Rowley Mile at Newmarket over a distance of 6 furlongs (1,207 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in September. History The event was founded by William Blenkiron, and it is named after his stud at Eltham. It was established in 1866, and was initially titled the Middle Park Plate. It was originally open to horses of either gender. The race was formerly staged during Newmarket's Cambridgeshire Meeting in late September or early October. It was restricted to colts in 1987. It became part of a new fixture called Future Champions Day in 2011. From 2015, the Middle Park Stakes was moved from Future Champions Day and brought forward two weeks, returning to the Cambridgeshire meeting, to avoid a clash with the similar Dewhurst Stakes. The Middle Park Stakes was added to the Breeders' Cup Challenge series in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
July Cup
The July Cup is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to horses aged three years or older. It is run on the July Course at Newmarket over a distance of 6 furlongs (1,207 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in July. It is one of Britain's most valuable and prestigious sprint races, and many of its winners have been acknowledged as the champion sprinter in Europe. History The event was established in 1876, and the first two runnings were won by Springfield, a colt bred by Queen Victoria at the Hampton Court Stud. The present system of race grading was introduced in 1971, and the July Cup was initially classed at Group 2 level. It was promoted to Group 1 status in 1978. The July Cup was part of the Global Sprint Challenge from 2008 to 2017. It was the sixth leg of the series, preceded by the Diamond Jubilee Stakes and followed by the Sprinters Stakes. The race is currently held on the final d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flat Racing
Horse racing is an equestrian performance sport, typically involving two or more horses ridden by jockeys (or sometimes driven without riders) over a set distance for competition. It is one of the most ancient of all sports, as its basic premise – to identify which of two or more horses is the fastest over a set course or distance – has been mostly unchanged since at least classical antiquity. Horse races vary widely in format, and many countries have developed their own particular traditions around the sport. Variations include restricting races to particular breeds, running over obstacles, running over different distances, running on different track surfaces, and running in different gaits. In some races, horses are assigned different weights to carry to reflect differences in ability, a process known as handicapping. While horses are sometimes raced purely for sport, a major part of horse racing's interest and economic importance is in the gambling associated with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
