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Rhamphorhynchinae
Rhamphorhynchidae is a group of early pterosaurs named after ''Rhamphorhynchus'', that lived in the Late Jurassic. The family Rhamphorhynchidae was named in 1870 by Harry Govier Seeley.Seeley, H.G. (1870). "The Orithosauria: An Elementary Study of the Bones of Pterodactyles." Cambridge, 135 p. Members of the group possess no more than 11 pairs of teeth in the rostrum, a deltopectoral crest that is constricted at the base but expanded at the distal end, and a bent phalange on the fifth toe. Rhamphorhynchidae traditionally contains two subfamilies: the Rhamphorhynchinae and the Scaphognathinae. While not recovered as distinct clades by all analyses, there do appear to be traits uniting members of each group. Rhamphorhynchines are more common, were lightly built, and had jaws ending in pointed tips that contained more teeth, which are often procumbent (pointed forward). Scaphognathines are comparatively quite rare, were more robust skeletally, and had shorter wing proportions. The br ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dorygnathus Banthensis
''Dorygnathus'' ("spear jaw") was a genus of rhamphorhynchid pterosaur that lived in Europe during the Early Jurassic period, when shallow seas flooded much of the continent. It had a short () wingspan, and a relatively small triangular sternum, which is where its flight muscles attached. Its skull was long and its eye sockets were the largest opening therein. Large curved fangs that "intermeshed" when the jaws closed featured prominently at the front of the snout while smaller, straighter teeth lined the back. Having two or more morphs of teeth, a condition called heterodonty, is rare in modern reptiles but more common in basal ("primitive") pterosaurs. The heterodont dentition in ''Dorygnathus'' is consistent with a piscivorous (fish-eating) diet. The fifth digit on the hindlimbs of ''Dorygnathus'' was unusually long and oriented to the side. Its function is not certain, but the toe may have supported a membrane like those supported by its wing-fingers and pteroids. ''Dorygnathus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dorygnathus
''Dorygnathus'' ("spear jaw") was a genus of Rhamphorhynchidae, rhamphorhynchid pterosaur that lived in Europe during the Early Jurassic period, when shallow seas flooded much of the continent. It had a short () wingspan, and a relatively small triangular sternum, which is where its flight muscles attached. Its skull was long and its eye sockets were the largest Fenestra (anatomy), opening therein. Large curved fangs that "intermeshed" when the jaws closed featured prominently at the front of the snout while smaller, straighter teeth lined the back. Having two or more morphs of teeth, a condition called heterodonty, is rare in modern reptiles but more common in basal ("primitive") pterosaurs. The heterodont dentition in ''Dorygnathus'' is consistent with a piscivore, piscivorous (fish-eating) diet. The fifth digit on the hindlimbs of ''Dorygnathus'' was unusually long and oriented to the side. Its function is not certain, but the toe may have supported a membrane like those support ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Angustinaripterus
''Angustinaripterus'' was a basal pterosaur, belonging to the breviquartossan family Rhamphorhynchidae (more specifically within the subfamily Rhamphorhynchinae) and discovered at Dashanpu near Zigong in the Sichuan province of China. Discovery and etymology ''Angustinaripterus'' was named in 1983 by He Xinlu. The type species is ''Angustinaripterus longicephalus''. The genus name is derived from Latin ''angustus'', "narrow" and ''naris'', "nostril", combined with Latinized Greek ''pteron'', "wing". The specific name is derived from Latin ''longus'', "long", and Greek ''kephale'', "head". The holotype, ZDM T8001, is a single skull with lower jaws, found in 1981 by researchers from the Zigong Historical Museum of the Salt Industry, in the Xiashaximiao Formation (Bathonian). Description The skull of ''Angustinaripterus'', of which the left side is severely damaged, is very elongated and flat. The back part is missing; in its preserved state it has a length of ; the total le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhamphorhynchus
''Rhamphorhynchus'' (, from Ancient Greek ''rhamphos'' meaning "beak" and ''rhynchus'' meaning "snout") is a genus of long-tailed pterosaurs in the Jurassic period. Less specialized than contemporary, short-tailed pterodactyloid pterosaurs such as ''Pterodactylus'', it had a long tail, stiffened with ligaments, which ended in a characteristic soft-tissue tail vane. The mouth of ''Rhamphorhynchus'' housed needle-like teeth, which were angled forward, with a curved, sharp, beak-like tip lacking teeth, indicating a diet mainly of fish; indeed, fish and cephalopod remains are frequently found in ''Rhamphorhynchus'' abdominal contents, as well as in their coprolites. Although fragmentary fossil remains possibly belonging to ''Rhamphorhynchus'' have been found in England, Tanzania, and Spain, the best preserved specimens come from the Solnhofen limestone of Bavaria, Germany. Many of these fossils preserve not only the bones but impressions of soft tissues, such as wing membranes. Scat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pterodactylus Longicaudus
''Rhamphorhynchus'' (, from Ancient Greek ''rhamphos'' meaning "beak" and ''rhynchus'' meaning "snout") is a genus of long-tailed pterosaurs in the Jurassic period. Less specialized than contemporary, short-tailed pterodactyloid pterosaurs such as ''Pterodactylus'', it had a long tail, stiffened with ligaments, which ended in a characteristic soft-tissue tail vane. The mouth of ''Rhamphorhynchus'' housed needle-like teeth, which were angled forward, with a curved, sharp, beak-like tip lacking teeth, indicating a diet mainly of fish; indeed, fish and cephalopod remains are frequently found in ''Rhamphorhynchus'' abdominal contents, as well as in their coprolites. Although fragmentary fossil remains possibly belonging to ''Rhamphorhynchus'' have been found in England, Tanzania, and Spain, the best preserved specimens come from the Solnhofen limestone of Bavaria, Germany. Many of these fossils preserve not only the bones but impressions of soft tissues, such as wing membranes. Scat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parapsicephalus
''Parapsicephalus'' (meaning "beside arch head") is a genus of long-tailed rhamphorhynchid pterosaurs from the Lower Jurassic Whitby, Yorkshire, England. It contains a single species, ''P. purdoni'', named initially as a species of the related rhamphorhynchid ''Scaphognathus'' in 1888 but moved to its own genus in 1919 on account of a unique combination of characteristics. In particular, the top surface of the skull of ''Parapsicephalus'' is convex, which is otherwise only seen in dimorphodontians. This has been the basis of its referral to the Dimorphodontia by some researchers, but it is generally agreed upon that ''Parapsicephalus'' probably represents a rhamphorhynchid. Within the Rhamphorhynchidae, ''Parapsicephalus'' has been synonymized with the roughly contemporary ''Dorygnathus''; this, however, is not likely given the many differences between the two taxa, including the aforementioned convex top surface of the skull. ''Parapsicephalus'' has been tentatively referred to t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bellubrunnus
''Bellubrunnus'' (meaning "the beautiful one of Brunn" in Latin) is an extinct genus of rhamphorhynchid pterosaur from the Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian stage) of southern Germany. It contains a single species, ''Bellubrunnus rothgaengeri''. ''Bellubrunnus'' is distinguished from other rhamphorhynchids by its lack of long projections on the vertebrae of the tail, fewer teeth in the jaws, and wingtips that curve forward rather than sweep backward as in other pterosaurs. Discovery ''Bellubrunnus'' is known from a single complete articulated skeleton, the holotype of the genus, having the accession number BSP–1993–XVIII–2. It was found in the summer of 2002 by an excavation team led by Monika Rothgaenger, the namesake of the species. It was prepared in 2003 by Martin Kapitzke and at first identified as an exemplar of ''Rhamphorhynchus''. It is preserved in ventral view, meaning that the underside of the skeleton can be seen on the limestone slab. The specimen is currently house ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sericipterus
''Sericipterus'' is an extinct genus of rhamphorhynchid pterosaur. It is known from the Late Jurassic (early Oxfordian age) Shishugou Formation in Xinjiang, China. Etymology The genus was named and described in 2010 by Brian Andres, James Matthew Clark and Xu Xing. The type species is ''Sericipterus wucaiwanensis''. The generic name is derived from Latin ''sericum'', "silk", a reference to the Silk Route, and from a Latinized Greek ''pteron'', "wing". The specific name refers to the Wucaiwan area, itself meaning "five-color bay" because of the many-colored layers. Description The holotype specimen, IVPP V14725, consists of partly crushed, disarticulated bones that are largely preserved three-dimensionally. The wingspan has been estimated to have been at least . The skull of ''Sericipterus'' is similar to those of the "rhamphorhynchoids" (i.e. basal pterosaurs) ''Angustinaripterus'' and ''Harpactognathus''. It had three bony crests: a low crest on the snout, a short low parie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orientognathus
''Orientognathus'' is a genus of rhamphorhynchid pterosaur from the Middle Jurassic of China. It is known from a single specimen which includes most of the skeleton and skull, and was first named and described in 2015 by Lü Junchang ''et al.''. The taxon was found in the Tuchengzi Formation of China, which is slightly younger than the Tiaojishan Formation that most other Middle Jurassic pterosaurs from the region have been found in. The description study produced a phylogenetic analysis, which determined that ''Orientognathus'' was a basal member of Rhamphorhynchidae, possibly within Rhamphorhynchinae Rhamphorhynchidae is a group of early pterosaurs named after ''Rhamphorhynchus'', that lived in the Late Jurassic. The family Rhamphorhynchidae was named in 1870 by Harry Govier Seeley.Seeley, H.G. (1870). "The Orithosauria: An Elementary Study o .... References {{Taxonbar, from=Q18940799 Rhamphorhynchids Middle Jurassic pterosaurs of Asia Jurassic China Taxa named by Lü ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nesodactylus
''Nesodactylus'' was a genus of rhamphorhynchid pterosaur from the middle-late Oxfordian ageDe la Fuente, M. S., & Iturralde-Vinent, M. (2001). A new pleurodiran turtle from the Jagua Formation (Oxfordian) of western Cuba. Journal Information, 75(4). Upper Jurassic Jagua Formation of Pinar del Río, western Cuba. Its remains were collected but not prepared by Barnum Brown in 1918, from rocks better known for their fossils of marine life. When seven black chalkstone blocks were prepared from 1966 by Richard Lund by dissolving the substrate in acid, this revealed the remains of a pterosaur. Ned Colbert described and named the genus in 1969. The type species is ''Nesodactylus hesperius''. The genus name is derived from Greek ''nesos'', "island" and ''daktylos'', "finger", a reference to the island of Cuba and the typical wing finger of pterosaurs. The specific name means "western", from Greek ''hesperios''. The genus is based on holotype AMNH 2000, a partial skeleton including ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cacibupteryx
''Cacibupteryx'' is a genus of rhamphorhynchid pterosaur from the middle-late Oxfordian-age Upper Jurassic Jagua Formation of Pinar del Río, Cuba. The genus was named in 2004 by Zulma Gasparini, Marta Fernández and Marcelo de la Fuente. The type species is ''Cacibupteryx caribensis''. The genus name is derived from ''Cacibu'', the "Lord of the Sky" in Taíno and Greek ''pteryx'', "wing". The specific name refers to the Caribbean, ''Caribe'' in Spanish. The genus is based on holotype IGO-V 208, a partial but well-preserved uncrushed skull — missing the tip of the snout, teeth, and lower jaws — and fragmentary left wing: the distal end of the ulna, fragments of the radius, and the first and fourth phalanx of the wing finger. The partial skull is seventeen centimeters long (6.7 inches), is preserved in three dimensions, and has a broad roof. The wingspan and length were not estimated by the describers, but it was indicated to be a relatively large form. The describe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Breviquartossa
Novialoidea (meaning "new wings") is an extinct clade of macronychopteran pterosaurs that lived from the latest Early Jurassic to the latest Late Cretaceous (early Toarcian to late Maastrichtian ageBarrett, P. M., Butler, R. J., Edwards, N. P., & Milner, A. R. (2008). Pterosaur distribution in time and space: an atlas. ''Zitteliana'', 61-107/ref>), their fossils having been found on all continents except Antarctica. History and classification Novialoidea was named by paleontologist Alexander Wilhelm Armin Kellner in 2003 as a node-based taxon consisting of the last common ancestor of ''Campylognathoides'', ''Quetzalcoatlus'' and all its descendants. This name was derived from Latin ''novus'' "new", and ''ala'', "wing", in reference to the wing synapomorphies that the members of the clade possess.Kellner, A. W. A., (2003): Pterosaur phylogeny and comments on the evolutionary history of the group. pp. 105-137. — ''in'' Buffetaut, E. & Mazin, J.-M., (eds.): ''Evolution and Pal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
