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Respect Des Fonds
''Respect des fonds'', or ''le respect pour les fonds'', is a principle in archival theory that proposes to group collections of archival records according to their fonds (according to the entity by which they were created or from which they were received). It is one of several principles stemming from provenance that have guided archival arrangement and description from the late 19th century until the present day. It is similar to archival integrity, which dictates that "a body of records resulting from the same activity must be preserved as a group." It is also closely related to the idea of original order – the idea that archivists ought to maintain records using the creator's organizational system. However, ''respect des fonds'' differs from that other foundational sub-principle of provenance in its concern with the integrity of the collection or record group as a whole rather than the organization of materials within that collection or record group. Origins Most archivists b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fonds
In archival science, a fonds is a group of documents that share the same origin and that have occurred naturally as an outgrowth of the daily workings of an agency, individual, or organization. An example of a fonds could be the writings of a poet that were never published or the records of an institution during a specific period. Fonds are a part of a hierarchical level of description system in an archive that begins with fonds at the top, and the subsequent levels become more descriptive and narrower as one goes down the hierarchy. The level of description goes from fonds to series to file and then an item level. However, between the fonds and series level there is sometimes a sub-fonds or sous-fonds level and between the series to file level there is sometimes a sub-series level that helps narrow down the hierarchy. Historical origins In the archival science field, it is widely agreed upon that the term ''fonds'' originated in French archival practice shortly after the Frenc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Provenance
Provenance (from the French ''provenir'', 'to come from/forth') is the chronology of the ownership, custody or location of a historical object. The term was originally mostly used in relation to works of art but is now used in similar senses in a wide range of fields, including archaeology, paleontology, archives, manuscripts, printed books, the circular economy, and science and computing. The primary purpose of tracing the provenance of an object or entity is normally to provide contextual and circumstantial evidence for its original production or discovery, by establishing, as far as practicable, its later history, especially the sequences of its formal ownership, custody and places of storage. The practice has a particular value in helping Authentication, authenticate objects. Comparative techniques, expert opinions and the results of scientific tests may also be used to these ends, but establishing provenance is essentially a matter of documentation. The term dates to the 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Original Order
Original order is a concept in archival theory that a group of records should be maintained in the same order as they were placed by the record's creator. Along with provenance, original order is a core tenet of the archival concept of ''respect des fonds.'' A primary goal of keeping records in their original order is to preserve additional contextual information about the records' creator and the environment of their creation. Original order also encourages the archivist to remain neutral as opposed to applying any interpretation to the records. Principle The Society of American Archivists ''Glossary of Archival and Records Terminology'' calls original order a "fundamental principle of archives" and posits two primary purposes: preserving "relationships and evidential significance" of records and facilitating use of the records by maintaining "the record creator's mechanisms to access". The SAA definition qualifies that original order is not necessarily the order of the records ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Natalis De Wailly
Natalis de Wailly (10 May 1805, Mézières, Ardennes – 4 December 1886, Paris) was a French archivist, librarian and historian. In 1841, as head of the Administrative Section of the Royal Archives, he wrote a ministerial circular, issued by Count Tanneguy Duchâtel, Minister of the Interior, stating that records should be grouped according to the nature of the institution that has accumulated them and formulating the principle of ''respect des fonds'' (up until that point, archives had often been sorted according to subject, date or place). In 1854, he was appointed head of the manuscript department of the Bibliothèque impériale. A member of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres since 1841 and of several learned societies (e.g. Société de l'histoire de France, Société des anciens textes français, Comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques), he was a renowned paleographer and published scientific editions of medieval chroniclers (e.g. Villehardouin an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archives Nationales (France)
The Archives nationales (, "National Archives" in English; abbreviated AN) are the national archives of France. They preserve the archives of the French state, apart from the archives of the Ministry of Armed Forces and Ministry of Foreign Affairs, as these two ministries have their own archive services, the Defence Historical Service (SHD) and respectively. The National Archives of France also keep the archives of local secular and religious institutions from the Paris Region seized at the time of the French Revolution (such as local royal courts of Paris, suburban abbeys and monasteries, etc), as well as the archives produced by the notaries of Paris during five centuries, and many private archives donated or placed in the custody of the National Archives by prominent aristocratic families, industrialists, and historical figures. The National Archives have one of the largest and oldest archival collections in the world. As of 2020, they held of physical records (the total l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luciana Duranti
Luciana Duranti is an archival theorist and professor of archival science and diplomatics at the School of Library, Archival and Information Studies, University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada. She is a noted expert on diplomatics and electronic records. Since 1998, she has been the director of the electronic records research project, InterPARES (International Research on Permanent Authentic Records in Electronic Systems). She has disclosed the concept of the archival bond originally initiated by Italian archivist Giorgio Cencetti in 1937. Education * Honorary Doctor of Science, Mid Sweden University, 2019 * BA, French Language, Ecole Internationale de Langue et Civilization Française, 1979 * Diploma di Archivistica (Master’s equivalent), Scuola dell’Archivio di Stato di Roma, 1979 * Ph D, Archivista-Paleografo, Scuola Speciale per Archivisti e Bibliotecari, Università di Roma, 1975 * Dottoressa in Lettere (Master's equivalent, Arts), Università di Roma, 1973 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archival Processing
Archival processing is the act of surveying, arranging, describing, and performing basic preservation activities on the recorded material of an individual, family, or organization after they are permanently transferred to an archive. A person engaging in this activity is known as an ''archival processor, archival technician,'' or archivist. Ideally, when an archives receives a collection of papers or a group of records, they will have been arranged by the originator (the original person, persons, or organization that created or assembled the collection or records) and boxed up for the move to the archives in such a way that this order has been preserved. However, collections and record groups are often semi-organized, and sometimes lack any discernible organization. Observing the organization of delivered materials, imposing organization where it is lacking, then describing the organized material are tasks covered by the terms "archival processing", "arrangement and description", "a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archival Appraisal
In archival science and archive administration, appraisal is a process usually conducted by members of the record-holding institution (often professional archivists) in which a body of records is examined to determine its value for that institution. It also involves determining how long this value will last. The activity is one of the central tasks of an archivist to determine archival value of specific records. When it occurs prior to acquisition, the appraisal process involves assessing records for inclusion in the archives. In connection with an institution's collecting policy, appraisal "represents a doorway into the archives through which all records must pass". Some considerations when conducting appraisal include how to meet the record-granting body's organizational needs, how to uphold requirements of organizational accountability (be they legal, institutional, or determined by archival ethics), and how to meet the expectations of the record-using community. While archival ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hilary Jenkinson
Sir Charles Hilary Jenkinson (1 November 1882 – 5 March 1961)Johnson and Brodie 2008. was a British archivist and Archival science, archival theorist, regarded as the figure most responsible for bringing continental European concepts of archival theory to the English-speaking world. Early life, education and military service Born in Streatham, London, Jenkinson was the son of William Wilberforce Jenkinson, a land agent, and Alice Leigh Bedale. He was educated at Dulwich College and Pembroke College, Cambridge, graduating with first class honours in Classics in 1904. During the First World War, he joined the Royal Garrison Artillery, and served in France and Belgium from 1916 to 1918. Career In 1906, Jenkinson joined the staff of the Public Record Office and worked on the arrangement and classification of the records of the medieval Exchequer. In 1912, he was put in charge of the search room, which he then reorganised in response to criticisms made in the first report of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
More Product, Less Process
"More Product, Less Process: Revamping Traditional Archival Processing" is a 2005 archival science article written by Mark A. Greene and Dennis Meissner that first appeared in the Fall/Winter 2005 issue of '' The American Archivist''. The paper argues that traditional archival processing is too slow, and advocates for the use of minimal processing in order to reduce backlogs and provide access to archival collections as quickly as possible. The ideology presented in the article, abbreviated as MPLP, has since been widely adopted in modern archival theory with subsequent praise directed primarily towards the ability to increase user accessibility without prohibiting the option for future processing. Article summary Call to action Greene and Meissner begin the article with a call to action, citing the British report '' Best Value and Local Authority Archives'', which claims that archival cataloging, arrangement, and description are "not working" and that growing backlogs ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Records Association
The British Records Association (widely known as the BRA, pronounced as three letters) is a British learned society founded in 1932 to promote the preservation, understanding, accessibility and study of historic records and archives. It is a registered charity (no. 227464). It issues a journal, ''Archives'', and other publications; hosts conferences and seminars; and undertakes other activities to promote the care and preservation of archives and the interests of archive users at a national level. Membership is open to all, and the association (in contrast to exclusively scholarly bodies, and exclusively professional bodies) therefore plays a particular role as a forum which brings together owners of archives, academic and amateur documentary researchers, archivists and librarians, and institutions and societies concerned with archives. History The association was formally founded in 1932, but it took over the Records Preservation Section established three years earlier in 1929 b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
