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Rat Snake
Rat snakes are members – along with kingsnakes, milk snakes, vine snakes and indigo snakes – of the subfamily Colubrinae of the family Colubridae. They are medium to large constrictors and are found throughout much of the Northern Hemisphere. They feed primarily on rodents. Many species make attractive and docile pets and one, the corn snake, is one of the most popular reptile pets in the world. As with all snakes, they can be defensive when approached too closely, handled, or restrained. However, rat snake bites are not dangerous to humans. Like nearly all colubrids, rat snakes pose no threat to humans. Rat snakes were long believed to be completely nonvenomous, but recent studies have shown that some Old World species do possess small amounts of venom, though the amount is negligible relative to humans. Previously, most rat snakes were assigned to the genus ''Elaphe'', but many have been since renamed following mitochondrial DNA analysis performed in 2002. For the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aesculapian Snake
The Aesculapian snake (now ''Zamenis longissimus'', previously ''Elaphe longissima''), is a species of nonvenomous snake native to Europe, a member of the Colubrinae subfamily of the family Colubridae. Growing up to in length, it is among the largest European snakes, similar in size to the four-lined snake (''Elaphe quatuorlineata'') and the Montpellier snake (''Malpolon monspessulanus''). The Aesculapian snake has been of cultural and historical significance for its role in ancient Greek, Roman and Illyrian mythology and derived symbolism. Description ''Z. longissimus'' hatches at around 30 cm (11.8 in). Adults are usually from 110 cm (43.3 in) to in total length (including tail), but can grow to , with the record size being . Expected body mass in adult Aesculapian snakes is from . It is dark, long, slender, and typically bronzy in colour, with smooth scales that give it a metallic sheen. Juveniles can easily be confused with juvenile grass snakes ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mitochondrial DNA
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA or mDNA) is the DNA located in mitochondria, cellular organelles within eukaryotic cells that convert chemical energy from food into a form that cells can use, such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Mitochondrial DNA is only a small portion of the DNA in a eukaryotic cell; most of the DNA can be found in the cell nucleus and, in plants and algae, also in plastids such as chloroplasts. Human mitochondrial DNA was the first significant part of the human genome to be sequenced. This sequencing revealed that the human mtDNA includes 16,569 base pairs and encodes 13 proteins. Since animal mtDNA evolves faster than nuclear genetic markers, it represents a mainstay of phylogenetics and evolutionary biology. It also permits an examination of the relatedness of populations, and so has become important in anthropology and biogeography. Origin Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA are thought to be of separate evolutionary origin, with the mtDNA being derive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coelognathus Helena
The common trinket snake (''Coelognathus helena'') is a nonvenomous constrictor species of colubrid snake native to south Central Asia. Etymology The specific name of this snake, ''helena'', is thought to be a reference to Helen of Troy, considered by many to be the epitome of female beauty and the most beautiful woman in the world.Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). ''The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles''. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. . (''Elaphe helena'', p. 120). Geographic range ''C. helena'' is found in Sri Lanka, southern India, Pakistan ( Shangla), Nepal, and Bangladesh. Its type locality is "India: Vishakhapatnam" (Daudin, 1803). Description :''See snake scales'' for terms used.'' ''C. helena'' has the following scalation. The rostral is a little broader than deep, and visible from above. The suture between the internasals is much shorter than that between the prefrontals. The frontal is as long as its distance from the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hermann Schlegel
Hermann Schlegel (10 June 1804 – 17 January 1884) was a German ornithologist, herpetologist and ichthyologist. Early life and education Schlegel was born at Altenburg, the son of a brassfounder. His father collected butterflies, which stimulated Schlegel's interest in natural history. The discovery, by chance, of a buzzard's nest led him to the study of birds, and a meeting with Christian Ludwig Brehm. Schlegel started to work for his father, but soon tired of it. He travelled to Vienna in 1824, where, at the university, he attended the lectures of Leopold Fitzinger and Johann Jacob Heckel. A letter of introduction from Brehm to gained him a position at the Naturhistorisches Museum. Ornithological career One year after his arrival, the director of this natural history museum, Carl Franz Anton Ritter von Schreibers, recommended him to Coenraad Jacob Temminck, director of the natural history museum of Leiden, who was seeking an assistant. At first Schlegel worked mainly on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coelognathus Flavolineatus
''Coelognathus flavolineatus'', the black copper rat snake or yellow striped snake, is a species of colubrid snake found in Southeast Asia. This species was previously recognized in the genus ''Elaphe''. Distribution * Brunei Darussalam * Cambodia * India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area, the List of countries and dependencies by population, second-most populous ... (Andaman Is.) * Indonesia (Jawa, Kalimantan, Sumatera, Bali) * Malaysia * Myanmar * Singapore * Thailand * Vietnam References Rat snakes Reptiles of Thailand Reptiles of Myanmar Reptiles of Vietnam Reptiles of Cambodia Reptiles of Malaysia Reptiles described in 1837 Snakes of Vietnam Snakes of Asia Reptiles of Borneo {{Colubrids-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Auguste Duméril
Auguste Henri André Duméril (30 November 1812 – 12 November 1870) was a French zoologist. His father, André Marie Constant Duméril (1774-1860), was also a zoologist. In 1869 he was elected as a member of the Académie des sciences. Duméril studied at the University of Paris, and in 1844 became an associate professor of comparative physiology at the university. From 1857, he was a professor of herpetology and ichthyology at the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris. In 1851, with his father, he published ''Catalogue méthodique de la collection des Reptiles''. With zoologist Marie Firmin Bocourt (1819–1904), he collaborated on a project called ''Mission scientifique au Mexique et dans l'Amérique Centrale'', a publication that was the result of Bocourt's scientific expedition to Mexico and Central America from 1864 to 1866. The section on reptiles is considered to be Dumeril's best written effort in the field of herpetology. Duméril died in 1870 during the sieg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gabriel Bibron
Gabriel Bibron (20 October 1805 – 27 March 1848) was a French zoologist and herpetologist. He was born in Paris. The son of an employee of the Museum national d'histoire naturelle, he had a good foundation in natural history and was hired to collect vertebrates in Italy and Sicily. Under the direction of Jean Baptiste Bory de Saint-Vincent (1778–1846), he took part in the Morea expedition to Peloponnese. He classified numerous reptile species with André Marie Constant Duméril (1774–1860), whom he had met in 1832. Duméril was interested mainly in the relations between genera, and he left to Bibron the task of describing the species. Working together they produced the ''Erpétologie Générale'', a comprehensive account of the reptiles, published in ten volumes from 1834 to 1854. Also, Bibron assisted Duméril with teaching duties at the museum and was an instructor at a primary school in Paris. Bibron contracted tuberculosis and retired in 1845 to Sai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
André Marie Constant Duméril
André Marie Constant Duméril (1 January 1774 – 14 August 1860) was a French zoologist. He was professor of anatomy at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle from 1801 to 1812, when he became professor of herpetology and ichthyology. His son Auguste Duméril was also a zoologist. Life André Marie Constant Duméril was born on 1 January 1774 in Amiens and died on 14 August 1860 in Paris. He became a doctor at a young age, obtaining, at 19 years, the ''prévot'' of anatomy at the medical school of Rouen. In 1800, he left for Paris and collaborated in the drafting of the comparative anatomy lessons of Georges Cuvier. He replaced Cuvier at the Central School of the Panthéon and had, as his colleague, Alexandre Brongniart. In 1801, he gave courses to the medical school of Paris. Under the ''Restauration'', he was elected a member of the Académie des Sciences (French Academy of Sciences) and after 1803 succeeded Lacépède, who was occupied by his political offices ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coelognathus Erythrurus
''Coelognathus erythrurus'', commonly known as the Philippine rat snake, is a species of snake of the family Colubridae. Geographic range The snake is found in the Philippines and Indonesia. Subspecies * ''Coelognathus erythrurus celebensis'' ( Jan, 1863) * ''Coelognathus erythrurus erythrurus'' ( Duméril, Bibron Gabriel Bibron (20 October 1805 – 27 March 1848) was a French zoologist and herpetologist. He was born in Paris. The son of an employee of the Museum national d'histoire naturelle, he had a good foundation in natural history and was hir ... & Duméril, 1854) * ''Coelognathus erythrurus manillensis'' Jan, 1863 * ''Coelognathus erythrurus psephenourus'' Leviton, 1979 References * Reptiles described in 1854 Taxa named by André Marie Constant Duméril Taxa named by Gabriel Bibron Taxa named by Auguste Duméril Reptiles of the Philippines Reptiles of Indonesia Reptiles of Malaysia Colubrids {{colubrid-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coelognathus
''Coelognathus'' is a genus of seven rat snakes from South and Southeast Asia that were formerly assigned to the genus ''Elaphe''. Based on morphological evidence and protein similarities, in 2001, Helfenberger revalidated the name ''Coelognathus'' that had originally been proposed by Leopold Fitzinger in 1843. The distinction between ''Coelognathus'' and ''Elaphe'' was further supported by mitochondrial DNA sequence and additional morphological evidence in 2005. Species These species are recognized:"''Coelognathus'' ". The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org. *'' Coelognathus enganensis'' *'' Coelognathus erythrurus'' – Philippine rat snake *'' Coelognathus flavolineatus'' – yellow-striped rat snake *'' Coelognathus helena'' – trinket snake *'' Coelognathus philippinus'' – reddish rat snake *'' Coelognathus radiatus'' – copperhead rat snake *'' Coelognathus subradiatus'' - Indonesian rat snake ''Nota bene'': A binomial authority in parentheses indicat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elaphe Mandarina
The Mandarin rat snake (''Euprepiophis mandarinus'') is a species of nonvenomous colubrid snake endemic to Asia. It is closely related to '' Euprepiophis conspicillata'', the Japanese forest rat snake. Mandarin rat snakes are one of the most popular rat snakes found in the pet trade. Description It is a relatively small rat snake; adult size is no more than in total length (body + tail). Distribution India (Arunachal Pradesh), Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam, Taiwan, China (Anhui, Beijing, Chongqing, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shanghai, Shanxi, Sichuan, Tianjin, Tibet, Yunnan, Zhejiang) Type locality: China: Chekiang, Chusan island (modern transliteration: Zhejiang, Zhoushan) (Cantor, 1842). Taxonomy In recent years there has been some taxonomic controversy over the genera of rat snakes. Based on mitochondrial DNA, Utiger et al. (2002) argued for a splintering of the genus ''Elaphe'' a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhynchophis Boulengeri Head (edited)
The rhinoceros ratsnake (''Gonyosoma boulengeri''), also known commonly as the rhinoceros snake, rhino rat snake, and Vietnamese longnose snake, is a species of nonvenomous ratsnake in the family Colubridae. The species is found from northern Vietnam to southern China. It has a prominent, distinctive, scaled protrusion on the front of its snout, which has led to its common naming after a rhinoceros. Etymology The specific name, ''boulengeri'', is in honor of Belgian-British biologist George Albert Boulenger. Geographic range ''G. boulengeri'' is found in northern Vietnam including Tam Dao,''Rhynchophis boulengeri'' . www.schlangenland.de. Retrieved on 2013-01-03. and in southern China. During a 2001 survey, 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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