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Rangeroceratidae
Rangeroceratidae is a family of orthoceroid cephalopods known from the late Early Ordovician in eastern North America (New York and Quebec) and Great Britain, included in the order Dissidocerida. The family was named by Evans, 2005, and contains three genera: '' Rangeroceras'', '' Anrangeroceras'', and '' Cyclorageroceras''. Rangeroceratidae is based on the genus '' Rangeroceras'', named by Hook & Flower (1977); at that time considered a member of the rod-bearing Baltoceratidae Baltoceratidae is an extinct family of orthoconic cephalopods belonging to the subclass Nautiloidea endemic to what would be Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America during the Ordovician living from about 480–460 mya, exist ... along with genera like '' Rhabdiferoceras'' and '' Veneficoceras''. References * Paleobiology DatabasRangeroceratidae* D. H. Evans. 2005. The Lower and Middle Ordovician cephalopod faunas of England and Wales. Monograph of the Palaeontographical Society 62 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rangeroceras
''Rangeroceras'' is an extinct orthoceratoid cephalopod genus that lived in what is now western North America during the latter part of the Early Ordovician. Background Shells of ''Rangeroceras'' are smooth, slightly depressed, rod-bearing orthocones with moderately large submarginal siphuncles. The siphuncular rods, which lie along the lower (ventral) side of the siphuncle interiors show thin, slightly undulating, growth lamellae in vertical longitudinal section, a somewhat unusual feature. Dorsal annuli only begin to form when the rod has almost filled the entire siphuncle toward to apical end. Connecting rings are thin, but layered. Cameral deposits are known from the dorsal side, the ventral side of the type specimen lost from erosion. Hook and Flower (1977) originally placed ''Rangeroceras'' in the family Baltoceratidae because of the siphunclular rod and thin connecting rings. Evans (2005) proposed the family Rangeroceratidae for ''Rangeroceras'' and a somewhat similar gen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ordovician
The Ordovician ( ) is a geologic period and System (geology), system, the second of six periods of the Paleozoic Era (geology), Era. The Ordovician spans 41.6 million years from the end of the Cambrian Period million years ago (Mya) to the start of the Silurian Period Mya. The Ordovician, named after the Celtic Britons, Welsh tribe of the Ordovices, was defined by Charles Lapworth in 1879 to resolve a dispute between followers of Adam Sedgwick and Roderick Murchison, who were placing the same Rock (geology), rock beds in North Wales in the Cambrian and Silurian systems, respectively. Lapworth recognized that the fossil fauna in the disputed Stratum, strata were different from those of either the Cambrian or the Silurian systems, and placed them in a system of their own. The Ordovician received international approval in 1960 (forty years after Lapworth's death), when it was adopted as an official period of the Paleozoic Era by the International Union of Geological Sciences, Intern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cassinian
The Cassinian is the latest age of the Canadian Epoch when thought of temporally and the uppermost stage of the Canadian Series when thought of stratigraphically. The Canadian, either as a series or as an Epoch is the name that has been given to the Lower, or Early, Ordovician in North America and has been applied worldwide.Flower, R. H. 1964. The Nautiloid Order Ellesmeroceratida (Cephalooda), Memoir 12, State Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources, Socorro, New Mexico.Moore, Lalicker, and Fischer 1952. Invertebrate Fossils, McGraw-Hill The Cassinian is named for the Fort Cassin Formation of Vermont. Rocks of Cassinian age are found in the Champlain Valley and among other places in North America in the Great Basin of Western Utah and Nevada, and in the uppermost El Paso Group in southern New Mexico and west Texas. The Cassinian has been given a span of only 1.2 million years, with a range from 473 - 471.8 m.y.a. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type Genus
In biological taxonomy, the type genus is the genus which defines a biological family and the root of the family name. Zoological nomenclature According to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, "The name-bearing type of a nominal family-group taxon is a nominal genus called the 'type genus'; the family-group name is based upon that of the type genus." Any family-group name must have a type genus (and any genus-group name must have a type species, but any species-group name may, but need not, have one or more type specimens). The type genus for a family-group name is also the genus that provided the stem to which was added the ending -idae (for families). :Example: The family name Formicidae has as its type genus the genus ''Formica'' Linnaeus, 1758. Botanical nomenclature In botanical nomenclature, the phrase "type genus" is used, unofficially, as a term of convenience. In the '' ICN'' this phrase has no status. The code uses type specimens for ranks up to fam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baltoceratidae
Baltoceratidae is an extinct family of orthoconic cephalopods belonging to the subclass Nautiloidea endemic to what would be Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America during the Ordovician living from about 480–460 mya, existing for approximately . Taxonomy Baltoceratidae was named by Kobayashi (1935) and assigned to the Ellesmeroceratida by Flower and Kummel (1950) where it was retained by Unklesbay and Young (1956), again by Flower (1964)Flower 1964. The Nautiloid Order Ellesmeroceratida (Cephalopoda), Memoir 12, New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources, Socorro, NM , and by Furnish and Glenister in Teichert et al. (1964).Teichert et al 1964, Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology Part K Mollusca 3, Nautiloidea-Ellesmerocerida by Furnish and Glenister, K129- K153 Flower (1964) included the Baltoceratidae in the ellesmeroceratid suborder Ellesmeroceratina. Further study of baltoceratid interiors, namely regarding the generally thin connecting r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhabdiferoceras
''Rhabdiferoceras'' is an extinct genus of orthocerids belonging to the Baltoceratidae that lived in what would be North America during the Cassinian Stage at the end of the Early Ordovician, existing for approximately two million years from about 474 -472 mya. Taxonomy ''Rhabdiferoceras'' was named by Flower (1964). Its type is ''Rhabdiferoceras annuliferum''. It was assigned to ''Baltoceratidae'' by Flower (1964) and Hook and Flower (1977).R. H. Flower. 1964. The Nautiloid Order Ellesmeroceratida (Cephalopoda). State Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Memoir 12:234S. C. Hook and R. H. Flower. 1977. Late Canadian (Zones J, K) cephalopod faunas from Southwestern United States. New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources 32:1-56 Morphology ''Rhabdiferoceras'' is a rod-bearing baltoceratid with undulations on the dorsal side of the ventral siphuncular rod that correspond to the segments of the siphuncle. Septal necks are very ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Veneficoceras
''Veneficoceras'' is a genus of the rod-bearing Baltoceratidae, an extinct cephalopod family with characteristics of the orthoceratoid Dissidocerida, found in Cassinianage, Lower Ordovician, limestone in western Utah Utah ( , ) is a state in the Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. Utah is a landlocked U.S. state bordered to its east by Colorado, to its northeast by Wyoming, to its north by Idaho, to its south by Arizona, and to it .... Background ''Veneficoceras'' has a large tubular siphuncle with thin connecting rings that lies along the interior ventral margin. The endosiphuncular rod appears in vertical section to bifurcate into a larger ventral rod on the bottom and a smaller and shorter dorsal rod on top. In cross section a complete lining all around would probably appear, with a dorsally offset central opening. ''Veneficoceras'' is represented only by the type species, ''Venificoceras susanae'' of which there is only the holotype, a long por ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orthocerida
Orthocerida is an order of extinct Orthoceratoid cephalopods also known as the Michelinocerida that lived from the Early Ordovician () possibly to the Late Triassic (). A fossil found in the Caucasus suggests they may even have survived until the Early Cretaceous (). They were most common however from the Ordovician to the Devonian. Shell form The shell is usually long, and may be straight ("orthoconic") or gently curved. In life, these animals may have been similar to the modern squid, except for the long shell. The internal structure of the shell consists of concavo-convex chambers linked by a centrally-placed tube called a siphuncle. There is a tendency for the chambers to develop cameral deposits, which were used as ballast to balance the long gas-filled shell. Depending on the family, the siphuncle has orthochoanitic (short and straight) or cyrtochoanitic (outwardly curved) septal necks, which protrude from the septa. The shell surface may be (depending on the specie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prehistoric Cephalopod Families
Prehistory, also known as pre-literary history, is the period of human history between the use of the first stone tools by hominins 3.3 million years ago and the beginning of recorded history with the invention of writing systems. The use of symbols, marks, and images appears very early among humans, but the earliest known writing systems appeared 5000 years ago. It took thousands of years for writing systems to be widely adopted, with writing spreading to almost all cultures by the 19th century. The end of prehistory therefore came at very different times in different places, and the term is less often used in discussing societies where prehistory ended relatively recently. In the early Bronze Age, Sumer in Mesopotamia, the Indus Valley Civilisation, and ancient Egypt were the first civilizations to develop their own scripts and to keep historical records, with their neighbors following. Most other civilizations reached the end of prehistory during the following Iron Age. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Early Ordovician First Appearances
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