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Rulyrana Mcdiarmidi
''Rulyrana'' is a small genus of glass frogs. They are found in South America, on the Amazonian slopes of the Andes in Ecuador, Peru, and possibly Bolivia, as well as on the eastern slopes of the Cordillera Central and the western slopes of the Cordillera Oriental in Colombia. Etymology The generic name ''Rulyrana'' honors and who have "contributed enormously to the understanding of centrolenid diversity, biology, and evolution". The name is made up from the two first letters of their surnames in combination with ''rana'' for frog. In addition, "Ruly" is the nickname of Martín Bustamante, who has also contributed to amphibian conservation. Description ''Rulyrana'' have moderate to extensive webbing between the third and fourth fingers. The dorsum is lavender in preserved individuals and may have spots. Internal features include green bones (in live specimens), lobed liver that is covered by a transparent hepatic peritoneum, whereas the ventral parietal peritoneum is white in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rulyrana Susatamai
''Rulyrana susatamai'' is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is endemic to the eastern flank of the Cordillera Central, Colombia, in the departments of Antioquia, Caldas, Huila, and Tolima. Habitat and conservation Its natural habitats are sub-Andean forests and laurel forests where it is found on vegetation along streams at elevations of above sea level. The eggs are laid on leaves overhanging the stream, to which the tadpoles drop upon hatching. ''Rulyrana susatamai'' is a common species. However, it requires gallery forest and is sensitive to habitat disturbance. It is threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation Fragmentation or fragmented may refer to: Computers * Fragmentation (computing), a phenomenon of computer storage * File system fragmentation, the tendency of a file system to lay out the contents of files non-continuously * Fragmented distributi .... References susatamai Amphibians of Colombia Amphibians of the Andes Endemic fauna of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sachatamia
''Sachatamia'' is a small genus of glass frogs. They are found in Central America (Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama) and northern South America (Colombia and northwestern Ecuador) at altitudes below above sea level. Etymology The generic name ''Sachatamia'' is derived from the Quichua words ''sacha'' for "forest" and ''tamia'' for "rain". This is a reference to the tropical rainforest habitat of these frogs. Description ''Sachatamia'' have moderate to extensive webbing between third and fourth fingers. The dorsum is lavender in preserved individuals and may have spots. Internal features include green bones (in live specimens), lobed liver that is covered by a transparent hepatic peritoneum, whereas the ventral parietal peritoneum is white in its anterior part and transparent in its poster part. The digestive tract is translucent. In terms of osteology, ''Sachatamia'' possess vomerine teeth and quadratojugal bone that is articulating with maxilla. The humeral spines are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glass Frogs
The glass frogs belong to the amphibian family Centrolenidae ( order Anura). While the general background coloration of most glass frogs is primarily lime green, the abdominal skin of some members of this family is transparent and translucent, giving the glass frog its common name. The internal viscera, including the heart, liver, and gastrointestinal tract, are visible through the skin. When active their blood makes them visible; when sleeping most of the blood is concealed in the liver, hiding them. Glass frogs are arboreal, living mainly in trees, and only come out for mating season. Their transparency conceals them very effectively when sleeping on a green leaf, as they habitually do. Taxonomy The first described species of Centrolenidae was the "giant" '' Centrolene geckoideum'', named by Marcos Jiménez de la Espada in 1872, based on a specimen collected in northeastern Ecuador. Several species were described in subsequent years by different herpetologists (including G. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rulyrana
''Rulyrana'' is a small genus of glass frogs. They are found in South America, on the Amazonian slopes of the Andes in Ecuador, Peru, and possibly Bolivia, as well as on the eastern slopes of the Cordillera Central and the western slopes of the Cordillera Oriental in Colombia. Etymology The generic name ''Rulyrana'' honors and who have "contributed enormously to the understanding of centrolenid diversity, biology, and evolution". The name is made up from the two first letters of their surnames in combination with ''rana'' for frog. In addition, "Ruly" is the nickname of Martín Bustamante, who has also contributed to amphibian conservation. Description ''Rulyrana'' have moderate to extensive webbing between the third and fourth fingers. The dorsum is lavender in preserved individuals and may have spots. Internal features include green bones (in live specimens), lobed liver that is covered by a transparent hepatic peritoneum, whereas the ventral parietal peritoneum is white in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sachatamia Orejuela
''Sachatamia orejuela'' is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is found on the Pacific versant of the Cordillera Occidental in southern Colombia ( Valle del Cauca, Cauca, and Nariño Departments) and on the Pacific Andean slopes of northwestern Ecuador ( Esmeraldas, Imbabura, Pichincha, and Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas Provinces). Common name El Tambo Cochran frog has been coined for it. Etymology The specific name ''orejuela'' honors the Orejuela family who administered the Reserva La Planada, Colombia, where some specimens in the type series were collected. Description Adult males measure and females in snout–vent length. The snout is truncate. The head is slightly wider than it is long. The tympanum is small but visible. Both fingers and toes are webbed. The dorsum is uniformly dark green. The venter is translucent with greenish tint. The iris is dark gray, with yellow ring around pupil. Dorsal skin is smooth. Habitat and conservation Its natural ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rulyrana Spiculata
''Rulyrana spiculata'' is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is endemic to the eastern slopes of Andes in central and southern Peru and northern Bolivia. Common name Cuzco Cochran frog has been coined for it. Description Adult males measure and females in snout–vent length. The snout is rounded. The hands and feet are partly webbed. Both the finger and toe tips have discs, those on the fingers are relatively large. The dorsum is dark green while the venter is aquamarine. The tips of the digits are yellowish green, and margin of the upper lip is greenish white. The iris is dull bronze with fine, black reticulations. Dorsal skin is smooth but bears many minute, white spicules, which have given the species its specific name ''spiculata''. Habitat and conservation Its natural habitats are montane primary and secondary tropical forest at elevations of above sea level. It typically occurs close to streams. Males call at night adjacent to small streams. The eggs a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rulyrana Saxiscandens
''Rulyrana saxiscandens'' is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is endemic to the Cordillera Escalera, Peru, approximately between the cities of Tarapoto and Moyobamba. Taxonomy and nomenclature The delimitation of this species underwent a major change in 2014 when ''Rulyrana saxiscandens'' (originally ''Cochranella saxiscandens''), ''Cochranella tangarana'' and ''Cochranella croceopodes'' were found to represent the same species. All three species were described in the same paper, so none of them have priority. Using the Principle of the First Reviser, Evan Twomey and colleagues chose ''C. tangarana'' and ''C. croceopodes'' as junior synonyms of ''Rulyrana saxiscandens''. Habitat ''Rulyrana saxiscandens'' have been found along streams and creeks and in the spray zones of waterfalls at elevations between above sea level. It does not occur in heavily modified habitats but can occur in secondary forest A forest is an area of land dominated by trees. Hun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rulyrana Mcdiarmidi
''Rulyrana'' is a small genus of glass frogs. They are found in South America, on the Amazonian slopes of the Andes in Ecuador, Peru, and possibly Bolivia, as well as on the eastern slopes of the Cordillera Central and the western slopes of the Cordillera Oriental in Colombia. Etymology The generic name ''Rulyrana'' honors and who have "contributed enormously to the understanding of centrolenid diversity, biology, and evolution". The name is made up from the two first letters of their surnames in combination with ''rana'' for frog. In addition, "Ruly" is the nickname of Martín Bustamante, who has also contributed to amphibian conservation. Description ''Rulyrana'' have moderate to extensive webbing between the third and fourth fingers. The dorsum is lavender in preserved individuals and may have spots. Internal features include green bones (in live specimens), lobed liver that is covered by a transparent hepatic peritoneum, whereas the ventral parietal peritoneum is white in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rulyrana Adiazeta
''Rulyrana adiazeta'' is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is endemic to the western slopes of the Cordillera Oriental, Colombia, in the departments of Cundinamarca, Santander, and Tolima. Its natural habitats are pre-montane and montane forests at elevations of above sea level. It occurs on vegetation next to streams. It is a common species but is locally suffering from habitat loss caused by agricultural expansion Agricultural expansion describes the growth of agricultural land (arable land, pastures, etc.) especially in the 20th and 21st centuries. The agricultural expansion is often explained as a direct consequence of the global increase in food and ene .... References adiazeta Amphibians of the Andes Amphibians of Colombia Endemic fauna of Colombia Amphibians described in 1991 Taxa named by John Douglas Lynch Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Centrolenidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amazon Basin
The Amazon basin is the part of South America drained by the Amazon River and its tributaries. The Amazon drainage basin covers an area of about , or about 35.5 percent of the South American continent. It is located in the countries of Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela. Most of the basin is covered by the Amazon rainforest, also known as Amazonia. With a area of dense tropical forest, this is the largest rainforest in the world. Geography The Amazon River begins in the Andes Mountains at the west of the basin with its main tributary the Marañón River and Apurimac River in Peru. The highest point in the watershed of the Amazon is the second biggest peak of Yerupajá at . With a length of about before it drains into the Atlantic Ocean, it is one of the two longest rivers in the world. A team of scientists has claimed that the Amazon is longer than the Nile, but debate about its exact length continues. The Amazon system ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Humeral Spine
Humeral spines are ventrolateral extensions of the humeral crista ventralis. These structures are present in the humerus of some frogs (anurans). The majority of anuran species that present humeral spines are glassfrogs (family Centrolenidae) but humeral spines have been reported in various other species of different families of frogs, including Ceratophryidae and Hylidae. In all cases, humeral spines are present in males but not in females. See also *Nuptial pad A nuptial pad (also known as thumb pad, or nuptial excrescence) is a secondary sex characteristic present on some mature male frogs and salamanders. Triggered by androgen hormones, this breeding gland (a type of mucous gland) appears as a spiked ... References Amphibian anatomy {{anura-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juan Manuel Guayasamin
Juan Manuel Guayasamin (born 1974) is an Ecuadorian biologist. He earned his Ph.D. in 2007 from University of Kansas, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and as of 2017 he is working as professor at Universidad San Francisco de Quito in Ecuador. His research interests include the evolution of glass frogs (Centrolenidae) and direct-developing anurans. His main contributions have been: phylogenetic taxonomy of glassfrogs, description of the variation of skin texture in frogs, description of numerous species of amphibians and reptiles, and a monographic review of all Ecuadorian glassfrogs (60 species). A team led by Juan M. Guayasamin discovered '' Hyalinobatrachium yaku'' in May 2017, a glassfrog with transparent venter. To date (2020), he has described a total of 6 amphibian genera, 55 species of amphibians, and 11 reptiles, including two geckos from the Galápagos Islands. Genera described * Celsiella * Chimerella * Espadarana * Ikakogi ''Ikakogi'' is a genus o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
