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Rubem Alves
Rubem Azevedo Alves (15 September 1933 – 19 July 2014) was a Brazilian theologian, philosopher, educator, writer and psychoanalyst. Alves was one of the founders of Latin American liberation theology. Life Alves was born on September 15, 1933, in Boa Esperança, Minas Gerais, Brazil. He obtained his Bachelor of Theology (BTh) degree at the Presbyterian Seminary in Campinas, Brazil, in 1957. He went on to obtain a Master of Theology (ThM) from the Union Theological Seminary in the City of New York, Union Theological Seminary in New York City, United States, in 1964. After completing this degree, Alves returned to Brazil amidst a US-sponsored 1964 Brazilian coup d'état, military coup against the democratically elected Brazilian government. At the time, the new military regime was attempting to purge Brazil of communist sympathizers. The Presbyterian Church of Brazil provided the new government with the names of six intellectuals to serve as scapegoats and to avert persecution the ...
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Boa Esperança, Minas Gerais
Boa Esperança is a Brazilian municipality from the states of Brazil, state of Minas Gerais. The municipality is located by the Serra da Boa Esperança, which became celebrated through Serra da Boa Esperança (song), song that brings its name, compounded by Lamartine Babo and performed by several singers. Across its territory passes Rio Grande (Minas Gerais), Rio Grande, important to the development of the region. The economy of Boa Esperança is based on coffee plantations and tourism. History The municipality of Boa Esperança ( en, Good Hope) came up with gold rush of the late 19th century. The first settlement was established in 1778, and in 1804 it was called Dores do Pântano'' ( en, Pain Swamp). In 1814 started the construction of the Church, and at that time arose the first coffee plantations, which marked a phase of wealth and progress for the parish. In 1866 the parish was elevated by provincial law to the status of village. On 15 November 1868, the seat of local govern ...
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Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national republics; in practice, both its government and its economy were highly centralized until its final years. It was a one-party state governed by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, with the city of Moscow serving as its capital as well as that of its largest and most populous republic: the Russian SFSR. Other major cities included Leningrad (Russian SFSR), Kiev (Ukrainian SSR), Minsk ( Byelorussian SSR), Tashkent (Uzbek SSR), Alma-Ata (Kazakh SSR), and Novosibirsk (Russian SFSR). It was the largest country in the world, covering over and spanning eleven time zones. The country's roots lay in the October Revolution of 1917, when the Bolsheviks, under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin, overthrew the Russian Provisional Government ...
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Romanian Language
Romanian (obsolete spellings: Rumanian or Roumanian; autonym: ''limba română'' , or ''românește'', ) is the official and main language of Romania and the Moldova, Republic of Moldova. As a minority language it is spoken by stable communities in the countries surrounding Romania (Romanians in Bulgaria, Bulgaria, Romanians in Hungary, Hungary, Romanians of Serbia, Serbia, and Romanians in Ukraine, Ukraine), and by the large Romanian diaspora. In total, it is spoken by 28–29 million people as an First language, L1+Second language, L2, of whom 23–24 millions are native speakers. In Europe, Romanian is rated as a medium level language, occupying the tenth position among thirty-seven Official language, official languages. Romanian is part of the Eastern Romance languages, Eastern Romance sub-branch of Romance languages, a linguistic group that evolved from several dialects of Vulgar Latin which separated from the Italo-Western languages, Western Romance languages in the co ...
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São Paulo (state)
São Paulo () is one of the Federative units of Brazil, 26 states of the Brazil, Federative Republic of Brazil and is named after Paul of Tarsus, Saint Paul of Tarsus. A major industrial complex, the state has 21.9% of the Brazilian population and is responsible for 33.9% of Brazil's GDP. São Paulo also has the List of Brazilian federative units by Human Development Index, second-highest Human Development Index (HDI) and GDP per capita, the List of Brazilian states by infant mortality, fourth-lowest infant mortality rate, the List of Brazilian states by life expectancy, third-highest life expectancy, and the List of Brazilian states by literacy rate, third-lowest rate of illiteracy among the federative units of Brazil. São Paulo alone is wealthier than Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Bolivia combined. São Paulo is also the world's twenty-eighth-most populous Administrative division, sub-national entity and the most populous sub-national entity in the Americas. With more than 4 ...
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Correio Popular
''Correio Popular'' is the largest daily newspaper in the city of Campinas, state of São Paulo, Brazil. It was founded on September 4, 1927, by Álvaro Ribeiro. The founder proposed a motto for the newspaper, which reads: "We will be diligent inspectors of public administration as well as obstinate caretakers of collective rights." Currently it has an audited circulation of 48,000 (66,000 on Sundays) and a market share of 76% of all newspaper readership in Campinas (which is the third city in the Brazilian ranking of absolute number of newspaper readers It is one of the most modern newspapers in the country and the largest Brazilian newspaper published outside capital cities. The publication is distributed to 45 cities in the region of Campinas. Currently it has special weekly supplements on travel and automobiles, and another one for children. On Sundays the paper has supplements for jobs and home and construction. ''Correio Popular'' is owned and managed by a larger communica ...
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State University Of Campinas
The State University of Campinas ( pt, Universidade Estadual de Campinas), commonly called Unicamp, is a public research university in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Unicamp is consistently ranked among the top universities in Brazil and Latin America. Established in 1962, Unicamp was designed from scratch as an integrated research center unlike other top Brazilian universities, usually created by the consolidation of previously existing schools and institutes. Its research focus reflects on almost half of its students being graduate students, the largest proportion across all large universities in Brazil, and also in the large number of graduate programs it offers: 153 compared to 70 undergraduate programs. It also offers several non-degree granting open-enrollment courses to around 8,000 students through its extension school. Its main campus occupies located in the district of Barão Geraldo, a suburban area from the downtown center of Campinas, built shortly after the c ...
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Faculty Of Philosophy, Sciences And Letters Of Rio Claro
Faculty may refer to: * Faculty (academic staff), the academic staff of a university (North American usage) * Faculty (division), a division within a university (usage outside of the United States) * Faculty (instrument), an instrument or warrant in canon law, especially a judicial or quasi-judicial warrant from an ecclesiastical court or tribunal * Faculty (company), a British artificial intelligence company * Aspects of intelligence ("cognitive faculties") * Senses of sight, hearing, touch, etc. ("perceptive faculties") * ''The Faculty'', a 1998 horror/sci-fi movie by Robert Rodriguez * ''The Faculty'' (TV series), a 1996 American sitcom * The rights of a priest to celebrate or perform various liturgical Liturgy is the customary public ritual of worship performed by a religious group. ''Liturgy'' can also be used to refer specifically to public worship by Christians. As a religious phenomenon, liturgy represents a communal response to and partic ...
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Brazilian Association Of Psychoanalysis
Brazilian commonly refers to: * Something of, from or relating to Brazil * Brazilian Portuguese, the dialect of the Portuguese language used mostly in Brazil * Brazilians, the people (citizens) of Brazil, or of Brazilian descent Brazilian may also refer to: Sports * Brazilian football, see football in Brazil * Brazilian jiu-jitsu, a martial art and combat sport system *''The Brazilians'', a nickname for South African football association club Mamelodi Sundowns F.C. due to their soccer kits which resembles that of the Brazilian national team Other uses * Brazilian waxing, a style of Bikini waxing * Brazilian culture, describing the Culture of Brazil * "The Brazilian", a 1986 instrumental by Genesis * Brazilian barbecue, known as churrasco * Brazilian cuisine See also * ''Brasileiro ''Brasileiro'' is a 1992 album by Sérgio Mendes and other artists including Carlinhos Brown which won the 1993 Grammy Award for Best World Music Album. Track listing # "Fanfarra" (Carlinhos Brown) ...
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Doctoral Dissertation
A thesis ( : theses), or dissertation (abbreviated diss.), is a document submitted in support of candidature for an academic degree or professional qualification presenting the author's research and findings.International Standard ISO 7144: DocumentationPresentation of theses and similar documents International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, 1986. In some contexts, the word "thesis" or a cognate is used for part of a bachelor's or master's course, while "dissertation" is normally applied to a doctorate. This is the typical arrangement in American English. In other contexts, such as within most institutions of the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland, the reverse is true. The term graduate thesis is sometimes used to refer to both master's theses and doctoral dissertations. The required complexity or quality of research of a thesis or dissertation can vary by country, university, or program, and the required minimum study period may thus vary significantly in du ...
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Underdeveloped
Underdevelopment, in the context of international development, reflects a broad condition or phenomena defined and critiqued by theorists in fields such as economics, development studies, and postcolonial studies. Used primarily to distinguish states along benchmarks concerning human development—such as macro-economic growth, health, education, and standards of living—an "underdeveloped" state is framed as the antithesis of a " developed", modern, or industrialized state. Popularized, dominant images of underdeveloped states include those that have less stable economies, less democratic political regimes, greater poverty, malnutrition, and poorer public health and education systems. Underdevelopment per Walter Rodney is primarily made of two components, a comparative aspect as well the relationship of exploitation: namely, the exploitation of one country by another. History In critical development and postcolonial studies, the concepts of "development", "developed", and ...
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Princeton Theological Seminary
Princeton Theological Seminary (PTSem), officially The Theological Seminary of the Presbyterian Church, is a private school of theology in Princeton, New Jersey. Founded in 1812 under the auspices of Archibald Alexander, the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church (USA), and the College of New Jersey (now Princeton University), it is the second-oldest seminary in the United States. It is also the largest of ten seminaries associated with the Presbyterian Church. Princeton Seminary has long been influential in theological studies, with many leading biblical scholars, theologians, and clergy among its faculty and alumni. In addition, it operates one of the largest theological libraries in the world and maintains a number of special collections, including the Karl Barth Research Collection in the Center for Barth Studies. The seminary also manages an endowment of $1.13 billion, making it the third-wealthiest institution of higher learning in the state of New Jersey—after ...
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Presbyterian Church In The United States
The Presbyterian Church in the United States (PCUS, originally Presbyterian Church in the Confederate States of America) was a Protestant denomination in the Southern and border states of the United States that existed from 1861 to 1983. That year, it merged with the United Presbyterian Church in the United States of America (UPCUSA) to form the Presbyterian Church (USA). History Organization (1861) The Presbyterian Church in the United States grew out of regional and theological divisions within the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America (PCUSA), the first national Presbyterian denomination in the U.S. founded in 1789. In 1838, the PCUSA divided along theological lines due to the Old School–New School Controversy. The New School faction advocated revivalism and a softening of traditional Calvinism, while the Old School was opposed to the extremes of revivalism and desired strict conformity to the Westminster Confession, the Presbyterian Church's doctrinal standa ...
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