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Rosario Sur Station
Rosario Sur is a railway station in Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina. The station, part of the Mitre Railway line, originally built and opened in 1981. The station (officially named "Juan Carlos Groenewold" to honor a railway manager) is located near the intersection of San Martín and Battle y Ordóñez Avenues, in the south of Rosario. Before its refurbishing and reopening in July 2015, the station was also referred as "Apeadero Sur". History The station was inaugurated in December 1981 by de facto Intendent of Rosario, Alberto Natale, and operated by State-owned company Ferrocarriles Argentinos until the early 1990s, when the entire railway network was privatised during Carlos Menem's Presidency. After the process finished, Ferrocarriles Argentinos was dissolved and the station entered into disuse. In February 2014 Rosario Sur was chosen to operate as terminus of a new passenger service to Rosario departing from Retiro and operated by State-owned Operadora Ferroviaria Sociedad d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inter-city Rail
Inter-city rail services are express passenger train services that run services that connect cities over longer distances than commuter or regional trains. There is no precise definition of inter-city rail; its meaning may vary from country to country. Most broadly, it can include any rail services that are neither short-distance commuter rail trains within one city area, nor slow regional rail trains calling at all stations and covering local journeys only. Most typically, an inter-city train is an express train with limited stops and comfortable carriages to serve long-distance travel. Inter-city rail sometimes provides international services. This is most prevalent in Europe, due to the close proximity of its 50 countries in a 10,180,000 square kilometre (3,930,000 sq mi) area. Eurostar and EuroCity are examples of this. In many European countries the word "InterCity" or "Inter-City" is an official brand name for a network of regular-interval, relatively long-distance ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ferrocarriles Argentinos
Ferrocarriles Argentinos (abbreviated as FA; ) was a state-owned company that managed the entire Argentine railway system for nearly 45 years. It was formed in 1948 when all the private railway companies were nationalised during Juan Perón's first presidential term, and transformed into the ''Empresa de Ferrocarriles del Estado Argentino'' (EFEA; ). FA managed both passenger and freight services, including long-distance and commuter rail trains in the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires. The company was broken up under the government of Carlos Menem following the privatisation of the railways; however in 2015 the government of Cristina Kirchner revived the brand for use on state-owned railways.Otro salto en la recuperación de soberanía Pagina/12, 16 April 2015. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Argentine Peso
The peso (established as the ''peso convertible'') is the currency of Argentina, identified by the symbol $ preceding the amount in the same way as many countries using peso or dollar currencies. It is subdivided into 100 '' centavos''. Its ISO 4217 code is ARS. The Argentine currency has experienced severe inflation, with periods of hyperinflation, since the mid-20th century, with periodic change of the currency to a new version at a rate ranging from 100:1 to 10,000:1. The peso introduced in 1992 was worth 10,000,000,000,000 (ten trillion) of the pesos in use until 1970. Since the early 21st century, the Argentine peso has experienced a substantial rate of devaluation, reaching over 51% year-on-year inflation rate in 2021. The official exchange rate for the United States dollar commenced at 1:1 at the peso's introduction in 1992; it then hovered around 3:1 from 2002 to 2008, before climbing from 6:1 to 10:1 between 2009 and 2015. In July 2022, the value exchange rate with the U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
China CNR Corporation
China CNR Corporation Limited (CNR) was a primary manufacturer of locomotives and rolling stock for the Chinese market. The company has also exported to over 80 countries and regions, including Argentina, Australia, Brazil, France, Hong Kong, New Zealand. Saudi Arabia, Taiwan and Turkey. In 2015, the company merged with CSR to form CRRC. History In 2008 China CNR was incorporated as the subsidiary of CNR Group (China Northern Locomotive & Rolling Stock Industry (Group) Corporation).Sources: China ChengTong Holdings Group and China Huarong Asset Management were minority shareholders. In the same year CNR Dalian's CKD7C were exported to the Republic of Congo. The company made an IPO of $2bn in 2009 on the Shanghai stock exchange. From the early 21st century onwards the group began a strategic diversification into wind turbine manufacture - its first major new facility was a 500 turbine per year capacity factory in Songyuan, (built 2009–11), established through CNR Wind P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Retiro Railway Station
Retiro is the name of a railway station complex in Buenos Aires, Argentina, that includes three main terminal train stations ( Retiro-Mitre, Retiro-Belgrano and Retiro-San Martín) and two terminal subway stations ( Retiro of Line C and Retiro of Line E). The complex is named after the neighborhood where it is located, Retiro. It is close to Retiro Bus Terminal Station, the country´s biggest bus terminal. Overview The stations are very close to the Retiro bus station (''Terminal de Omnibus''), the principal long-distance bus terminal in Buenos Aires. The complex is also accessible by the C line of the Buenos Aires Metro system and by numerous local public bus services. The stations will also be accessible by both Line E and Line H of the metro once their extensions are complete. Three stations are located opposite Plaza San Martín, a large park. Services Commuter rail Retiro is the largest railway complex in Buenos Aires and more commuter trains arrive and depa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Passenger Train
A passenger train is a train used to transport people along a railroad line. These trains may consist of unpowered passenger railroad cars (also known as coaches or carriages) hauled by one or more locomotives, or may be self-propelled; self propelled passenger trains are known as multiple units or railcars. Passenger trains stop at stations or depots, where passengers may board and disembark. In most cases, passenger trains operate on a fixed schedule and have priority over freight trains. Passenger trains may be made up of a number of passenger cars hauled by one or more locomotives, or may be made up of self-propelled railcars. Car design and the general safety of passenger trains have dramatically evolved over time, making travel by rail remarkably safe. Some passenger trains, both long-distance and short-distance, use bi-level (double-decker) cars to carry more passengers per train. Passenger trains hauled by locomotives are more expensive to operate than multiple uni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carlos Menem
Carlos Saúl Menem (2 July 1930 – 14 February 2021) was an Argentine lawyer and politician who served as the President of Argentina from 1989 to 1999. Ideologically, he identified as a Peronist and supported economically liberal policies. He led Argentina as president during the 1990s and implemented a free market liberalization. He served as President of the Justicialist Party for thirteen years (from 1990 to 2001 and again from 2001 to 2003), and his political approach became known as Federal Peronism. Born in Anillaco to a Syrian family, Menem was raised as a Muslim,"Carlos Menem" ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' but later converted to to pursue a political career. Menem b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Railway Privatisation In Argentina
Railway privatisation in Argentina was a process which began in 1993 under the presidency of Carlos Menem, following a series of neoliberal economic reforms. This primarily consisted of breaking up the state-owned railway company Ferrocarriles Argentinos (FA) and allowing the former lines to be operated by private companies instead of the state. This policy was met with widespread criticism and proved catastrophic for the Argentine railways whose service worsened significantly in the years that followed, with entire lines closing and infrastructure deteriorating beyond repair. Privatisation was ultimately reversed in 2015 with the creation of Nuevos Ferrocarriles Argentinos. Background Since railway nationalisation in 1948, during the presidency of Juan Perón, the network had been operated by the state-owned company Ferrocarriles Argentinos (FA) which comprised the six relatively independent divisions, Sarmiento, Mitre, Urquiza, San Martín, Belgrano and Roca. By the time ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Owned Corporation
A state-owned enterprise (SOE) is a government entity which is established or nationalised by the ''national government'' or ''provincial government'' by an executive order or an act of legislation in order to earn profit for the government, control monopoly of the private sector entities, provide products and services to citizens at a lower price and for the achievement of overall financial goals & developmental objectives in a particular country. The national government or provincial government has majority ownership over these ''state owned enterprises''. These ''state owned enterprises'' are also known as public sector undertakings in some countries. Defining characteristics of SOEs are their distinct legal form and possession of financial goals & developmental objectives (e.g., a state railway company may aim to make transportation more accessible and earn profit for the government), SOEs are government entities established to pursue financial objectives and develo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rosario Sur Station
Rosario Sur is a railway station in Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina. The station, part of the Mitre Railway line, originally built and opened in 1981. The station (officially named "Juan Carlos Groenewold" to honor a railway manager) is located near the intersection of San Martín and Battle y Ordóñez Avenues, in the south of Rosario. Before its refurbishing and reopening in July 2015, the station was also referred as "Apeadero Sur". History The station was inaugurated in December 1981 by de facto Intendent of Rosario, Alberto Natale, and operated by State-owned company Ferrocarriles Argentinos until the early 1990s, when the entire railway network was privatised during Carlos Menem's Presidency. After the process finished, Ferrocarriles Argentinos was dissolved and the station entered into disuse. In February 2014 Rosario Sur was chosen to operate as terminus of a new passenger service to Rosario departing from Retiro and operated by State-owned Operadora Ferroviaria Sociedad d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
De Facto
''De facto'' ( ; , "in fact") describes practices that exist in reality, whether or not they are officially recognized by laws or other formal norms. It is commonly used to refer to what happens in practice, in contrast with ''de jure'' ("by law"), which refers to things that happen according to official law, regardless of whether the practice exists in reality. History In jurisprudence, it mainly means "practiced, but not necessarily defined by law" or "practiced or is valid, but not officially established". Basically, this expression is opposed to the concept of "de jure" (which means "as defined by law") when it comes to law, management or technology (such as standards) in the case of creation, development or application of "without" or "against" instructions, but in accordance with "with practice". When legal situations are discussed, "de jure" means "expressed by law", while "de facto" means action or what is practiced. Similar expressions: "essentially", "unofficial", "in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Railway Station
Rail transport (also known as train transport) is a means of transport that transfers passengers and goods on wheeled vehicles running on rails, which are incorporated in tracks. In contrast to road transport, where the vehicles run on a prepared flat surface, rail vehicles (rolling stock) are directionally guided by the tracks on which they run. Tracks usually consist of steel rails, installed on sleepers (ties) set in ballast, on which the rolling stock, usually fitted with metal wheels, moves. Other variations are also possible, such as "slab track", in which the rails are fastened to a concrete foundation resting on a prepared subsurface. Rolling stock in a rail transport system generally encounters lower frictional resistance than rubber-tyred road vehicles, so passenger and freight cars (carriages and wagons) can be coupled into longer trains. The operation is carried out by a railway company, providing transport between train stations or freight customer facilit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
