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Rolf Scherenberg
__NOTOC__ Rolf Scherenberg (27 May 1897 – 10 June 1961) was a German general (Generalmajor) in the Wehrmacht during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross of Nazi Germany. Scherenberg surrendered to the Red Army in the course of the Soviet Upper Silesian Offensive in May 1945. Convicted as a war criminal in the Soviet Union, he was held until October 1955. Awards and decorations * German Cross in Gold (19 December 1941) * Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (german: Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes), or simply the Knight's Cross (), and its variants, were the highest awards in the military and paramilitary forces of Nazi Germany during World War II. The Knight' ... on 26 March 1943 as '' Oberst'' and commander of Grenadier-Regiment 532Fellgiebel 2000, p. 305. References Citations Bibliography * {{DEFAULTSORT:Scherenberg, Rolf 1897 births 1961 deaths Military personnel from Berlin Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berlin
Berlin ( , ) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's sixteen constituent states, Berlin is surrounded by the State of Brandenburg and contiguous with Potsdam, Brandenburg's capital. Berlin's urban area, which has a population of around 4.5 million, is the second most populous urban area in Germany after the Ruhr. The Berlin-Brandenburg capital region has around 6.2 million inhabitants and is Germany's third-largest metropolitan region after the Rhine-Ruhr and Rhine-Main regions. Berlin straddles the banks of the Spree, which flows into the Havel (a tributary of the Elbe) in the western borough of Spandau. Among the city's main topographical features are the many lakes in the western and southeastern boroughs formed by the Spree, Havel and Dahme, the largest of which is Lake Müggelsee. Due to its l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1961 Deaths
Events January * January 3 ** United States President Dwight D. Eisenhower announces that the United States has severed diplomatic and consular relations with Cuba (Cuba–United States relations are restored in 2015). ** Aero Flight 311 (Koivulahti air disaster): Douglas DC-3C OH-LCC of Finnish airline Finnair, Aero crashes near Kvevlax (Koivulahti), on approach to Vaasa Airport in Finland, killing all 25 on board, due to pilot error: an investigation finds that the Captain (civil aviation), captain and First officer (civil aviation), first officer were both exhausted for lack of sleep, and had consumed excessive amounts of alcohol at the time of the crash. It remains the deadliest air disaster to occur in the country. * January 5 ** Italian sculptor Alfredo Fioravanti marches into the U.S. Consulate in Rome, and confesses that he was part of the team that forged the Etruscan terracotta warriors in the Metropolitan Museum of Art. ** After the 1960 Turkish coup d'état, 1960 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1897 Births
Events January–March * January 2 – The International Alpha Omicron Pi sorority is founded, in New York City. * January 4 – A British force is ambushed by Chief Ologbosere, son-in-law of the ruler. This leads to a punitive expedition against Benin. * January 7 – A cyclone destroys Darwin, Australia. * January 8 – Lady Flora Shaw, future wife of Governor General Lord Lugard, officially proposes the name "Nigeria" in a newspaper contest, to be given to the British Niger Coast Protectorate. * January 22 – In this date's issue of the journal ''Engineering'', the word ''computer'' is first used to refer to a mechanical calculation device. * January 23 – Elva Zona Heaster is found dead in Greenbrier County, West Virginia. The resulting murder trial of her husband is perhaps the only capital case in United States history, where spectral evidence helps secure a conviction. * January 31 – The Czechoslovak Trade Union Association is f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
371st Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)
The 371st Infantry Division, (German: ''371. Infanterie-Division'') was an infantry division of the German Army during World War II, active from 1942 to 1945 in two separate instances. History The 371st Infantry Division, part of the nineteenth wave of infantry divisions formed during the war, was formed at Beverloo Camp in Belgium on 17 February 1942 under the command of the 15th Army. The division nominally fell within the responsibility of Wehrkreis VI (military district VI) and had a home station at Münster. The division sent to the Eastern Front in June 1942 and was annihilated during the Battle of Stalingrad on 31 January 1943 while subordinated to the 6th Army. The division was re-established on 17 February 1943 in Brittany from recovered soldiers and replacement troops and reached again full division strength on 9 June 1943. The division was then initially entrusted with coastal protection tasks in Italy and were in December 1943 moved to Croatia to participate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hermann Niehoff
__NOTOC__ Hermann Niehoff (3 April 1897 – 5 November 1980) was a German general during World War II. In 1944, he was a liuetenant general and commander of Heersgebeit Sudfrankreich (Army Group Southern France) facing the US/French invasion of southern France (Operation Dragoon).Since 2 March 1945, he was the garrison commander of Fortress Breslau (''Festung Breslau'') during the Battle of Breslau, which he surrendered to the Soviet 6th Army on 6 May 1945. Awards * Iron Cross (1914) 2nd Class (5 August 1916) & 1st Class (12 June 1918)Thomas 1998, p. 119. * Clasp to the Iron Cross (1939) 2nd Class (26 June 1940) & 1st Class (7 July 1941) * Honour Roll Clasp of the Army (29 September 1941) * German Cross in Gold on 6 January 1942 as ''Oberstleutnant'' in Infanterie-Regiment 464Patzwall & Scherzer 2001, p. 331. * Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords ** Knight's Cross on 15 June 1944 as ''Generalleutnant'' and commander of the 371. Infanterie-DivisionSche ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
344th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)
The 344th Infantry Division, (German: ''344. Infanterie-Division'') was an infantry division of the German Army during World War II, active from 1942 to 1945 in two separate instances. History The 344th Infantry Division was formed on 25 September 1942 in France from personnel from Wehrkreis V. After her training, she was sent in November 1942 to the Bordeaux sector within LXXX. Armeekorps of the 1st Army in Heeresgruppe D. One of its regiments was the Indian Infanterie-Regiment 950. In August 1944, the Division was sent to Normandy, without the Infanterie-Regiment 950, where it suffered heavy losses and was disbanded. In September 1944 a new 344th Infantry Division was formed which initially fought in the Hürtgen Forest. In the spring of 1945 it was sent to the Eastern Front. Parts of the division defended the Oder between Krappitz and Cosel during the Upper Silesian offensive. After the 1st Ukrainian Front had broken through south of Cottbus in mid-April, Hitler demand ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erwin Jollasse
Erwin Jollasse (12 December 1892 – 8 March 1987) was a general in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II who commanded several divisions. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. Jollasse took command of the 9th Panzer Division on 22 July 1943 and held it until he was wounded in October, he later resumed command in November and held it until 10 August 1944, when he was wounded again. In late 1944 he was declared fit for limited service and was given a desk job at the Inspectorate of Panzer Troops. In March 1945 he was named to replace Maj. Gen Rudolf Goltzsch as commander of the 344. Volksgrenadier Division in Czechoslovakia, a command he held until 30 April 1945, when he and twenty-five other men broke out of the Soviet encirclement and eluded the Red and US Armies until 8 June. He was released from prison on 30 June 1947 and died on 14 March 1987 in Tutzing. Decorations * Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 2 November 1941 as Oberst ''Ob ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georg Koßmala
__NOTOC__ Georg Koßmala (22 October 1896 – 18 March 1945) was a general in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves. Koßmala was killed on 18 March 1945 in Oberglogau in Upper Silesia. Awards and decorations * Clasp to the Iron Cross (1939) 2nd Class (6 October 1939) & 1st Class (22 August 1941)Thomas 1997, p. 397. * Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves ** Knight's Cross on 13 March 1942 as '' Oberst'' and commander of Sicherungs-Regiment 3 ** Oak Leaves on 26 March 1944 as '' Oberst'' and commander of Grenadier-Regiment 6Fellgiebel 2000, p. 69. References Citations Bibliography * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Kossmala, Georg 1896 births 1945 deaths People from Mysłowice People from the Province of Silesia Major generals of the German Army (Wehrmacht) German Army personnel of World War I German police officers German Army personnel killed in World War II Recipient ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ludwig Kirschner
__NOTOC__ Ludwig Kirschner (12 June 1904 – 11 February 1945) was a general in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II who commanded the 320. Volksgrenadier-Division. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves. Kirschner was killed on 11 February 1945 in Saybusch, Poland. Awards and decorations * Iron Cross (1939) 2nd Class (31 December 1940) & 1st Class (14 September 1941)Thomas 1997, p. 366. * Honour Roll Clasp of the Army (8 February 1942) * Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves ** Knight's Cross on 18 January 1942 as ''Major Major (commandant in certain jurisdictions) is a military rank of commissioned officer status, with corresponding ranks existing in many military forces throughout the world. When used unhyphenated and in conjunction with no other indicators ...'' and commander of the I./Infanterie-Regiment 436 ** Oak Leaves on 28 October 1942 as '' Oberstleutnant'' and commander of Infanterie-Regiment 72Fe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oberst
''Oberst'' () is a senior field officer rank in several German-speaking and Scandinavian countries, equivalent to colonel. It is currently used by both the ground and air forces of Austria, Germany, Switzerland, Denmark, and Norway. The Swedish rank '' överste'' is a direct translation, as are the Finnish rank ''eversti'' and the Icelandic rank ''ofursti''. History and origins is a German word. Spelled with a capital O, "" is a noun and defines the military rank of colonel or group captain. Spelled with a lower case o, or "", it is an adjective, meaning "top, topmost, uppermost, highest, chief, head, first, principal, or supreme". Both usages derive from the superlative of , "the upper" or "the uppermost". As a family name, ''Oberst'' is common in the southwest of Germany, in the area known as the Black Forest (''Schwarzwald''). The name is also concentrated in the north-central cantons of Switzerland ( Aargau & Zürich). Here the Swiss version of ''Oberst'' is spelled ''Ob ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Cross
The War Order of the German Cross (german: Der Kriegsorden Deutsches Kreuz), normally abbreviated to the German Cross or ''Deutsches Kreuz'', was instituted by Adolf Hitler on 28 September 1941. It was awarded in two divisions: in gold for repeated acts of bravery or military leadership; and in silver for distinguished non-combat war service. The German Cross in Gold ranked higher than the Iron Cross First Class but below the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross, while the German Cross in Silver ranked higher than the War Merit Cross First Class with Swords but below the Knight's Cross of the War Merit Cross with Swords. Eligibility The German Cross was issued in two versions: gold and silver (the color of the laurel wreath around the swastika). The gold version was awarded to military personnel for repeated acts of bravery in combat, or of military leadership, with 6–8 acts as a rule of thumb. The silver version was awarded for multiple distinguished services in the war effort an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
