|
Roberto D'Aubuisson
Roberto D'Aubuisson Arrieta (; 23 August 1943 – 20 February 1992) was a Salvadoran military officer, neo-fascist politician, and death squad leader. In 1981, he co-founded and became the first leader of the far-right Nationalist Republican Alliance (ARENA) and served as president of the Legislative Assembly from 1982 to 1983. He was a presidential candidate for 1984 presidential election, losing in the second round to José Napoleón Duarte, the former president of the Revolutionary Government Junta. After ARENA's loss in the 1985 legislative elections, D'Aubuisson stepped down in favor of Alfredo Cristiani and was designated as the party's honorary president for life. D'Aubuisson was named by the United Nations' Truth Commission for El Salvador as having ordered the assassination of Óscar Romero, the archbishop of San Salvador in 1980. Early life Roberto D'Aubuisson Arrieta was born on 23 August 1943 in Santa Tecla, El Salvador. His father was Roberto d'Aubuisson ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Komer
Robert William "Blowtorch Bob" Komer (February 23, 1922 – April 9, 2000) was an American national security adviser known for managing Civil Operations and Revolutionary Development Support during the Vietnam War. Early life and education Born in Chicago, Illinois and raised in St. Louis, Missouri. Komer graduated from Harvard College and Harvard Business School, later training at Camp Ritchie and its Military Intelligence Training Center, making Komer one of the Ritchie Boys. Like many Ritchie Boys, he later joined the Central Intelligence Agency in its infancy in 1947. Career Komer served on the staff of the National Security Council, which was led by McGeorge Bundy. After Bundy's departure, Komer briefly succeeded Bundy as interim National Security Advisor, before he was assigned to the Vietnam pacification campaign. While with the NSC, Komer and others negotiated with Israeli prime minister Levi Eshkol a memorandum of understanding (MOU) about Israeli nuclear capabili ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Truth Commission For El Salvador
The Truth Commission for El Salvador () was a restorative justice truth commission approved by the United Nations to investigate the grave wrongdoings that occurred throughout the country's twelve year civil war. It is estimated that 1.4 percent of the Salvadoran population was killed during the war. The commission operated from July 1992 until March 1993, when its findings were published in the final report, ''From Madness to Hope''. The eight-month period heard from over 2,000 witness testimonies and compiled information from an additional 20,000 witness statements. In December 1991, preliminary talks began between the Salvadoran government and the leftist guerrilla militia, the Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front (FMLN), with UN secretary-general Javier Pérez de Cuéllar overseeing the negotiations. The agreement was finalized and signed by both parties on 16 January 1992, at what is known as the Chapultepec Peace Accords. Pérez de Cuéllar appointed three lead c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is the Earth, global intergovernmental organization established by the signing of the Charter of the United Nations, UN Charter on 26 June 1945 with the stated purpose of maintaining international peace and international security, security, to develop friendly Diplomacy, relations among State (polity), states, to promote international cooperation, and to serve as a centre for harmonizing the actions of states in achieving those goals. The United Nations headquarters is located in New York City, with several other offices located in United Nations Office at Geneva, Geneva, United Nations Office at Nairobi, Nairobi, United Nations Office at Vienna, Vienna, and The Hague. The UN comprises six principal organizations: the United Nations General Assembly, General Assembly, the United Nations Security Council, Security Council, the United Nations Economic and Social Council, Economic and Social Council, the International Court of Justice, the United Nations Se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfredo Cristiani
Alfredo Félix Cristiani Burkard (born 22 November 1947) is a Salvadoran politician who was President of El Salvador from 1989 to 1994. Life and career Born into a wealthy family in San Salvador, his father Felix Cristiani was an Italian immigrant from Bagnaria, Italy and his mother Margoth Burkard de Cristiani was Salvadoran of Swiss descent. He was educated at the 'Escuela Americana' (American School) in San Salvador and Georgetown University in Washington, D.C., where he graduated with a degree in Business Administration. He returned to El Salvador to work for the family business, which included pharmaceuticals, coffee, cotton and until July 2008 the ''Semillas Cristiani Burkard'' (SCB) the Central American Monsanto Company representative, leading corn seed company focused on hybrid corn production.Reuters 2 July 200Jul 2008+PRN20080702 Monsanto Company Completes Acquisition of Semillas Cristiani Burkard/ref> He married Margarita Llach in 1970, and has three children ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1985 Salvadoran Legislative Election
Legislative elections were held in El Salvador on 31 March 1985.Dieter Nohlen (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I'', p276 The result was a victory for the Christian Democratic Party, which won 33 of the 60 seats. Voter turnout was 42%.Nohlen, p283 Results References Bibliography *Political Handbook of the world, 1985. New York, 1986. *Acevedo, Carlos. 1991. "Las novedades de las elecciones del 10 de marzo." Estudios centroamericanos (ECA) 46, 507-508:71-76 (enero-febrero 1991). *Arriaza Meléndez, Jorge. 1989. Historia de los procesos electorales en El Salvador (1811–1989). San Salvador: Instituto Salvadoreño de Estudios Políticos. *Benítez Manaut, Raúl. 1990. "El Salvador: un equilibrio imperfecto entre los votos y las botas." Secuencia 17:71-92 (mayo-agosto de 1990). *Córdova M., Ricardo. 1988. "Periodización del proceso de crisis (1979-1988)." El Salvador: guerra, política y paz (1979–1988). 1988. San Salvador: Graffiti. Pages 83–97 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Revolutionary Government Junta Of El Salvador
The Revolutionary Government Junta (, JRG) was the name of three consecutive joint civilian-military dictatorships that ruled El Salvador between 15 October 1979 and 2 May 1982. The first junta, from 1979 to 1980, consisted of two colonels, Adolfo Arnoldo Majano and Jaime Abdul Gutiérrez, and three civilians, Guillermo Ungo, Mario Antonio Andino and Román Mayorga Quirós. The second junta, from January through December 1980, consisted of Majano and Gutiérrez, and José Antonio Morales Ehrlich, Héctor Dada Hirezi, and José Ramón Ávalos Navarrete. The final junta, from 1980 to 1982, consisted of Gutiérrez, Morales Ehrlich, Ávalos Navarrete, with José Napoleón Duarte as the junta's president. The Revolutionary Government Junta was the source of many human rights violations that were committed across the country during its rule. Background and coup The National Coalition Party (El Salvador), National Conciliation Party (PCN) ruled El Salvador from 1962 to 1979 as an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
José Napoleón Duarte
José Napoleón Duarte Fuentes (23 November 1925 – 23 February 1990) was a El Salvador, Salvadoran politician who served as President of El Salvador from 1 June 1984 to 1 June 1989. He was mayor of San Salvador before running for president in 1972 Salvadoran presidential election, 1972. He lost, but the election is widely viewed as fraudulent. Following a 1979 Salvadoran coup d'état, coup d'état in 1979, Duarte led the subsequent Revolutionary Government Junta of El Salvador, civil-military Junta from 1980 to 1982. He was then 1984 Salvadoran presidential election, elected president in 1984, defeating Nationalist Republican Alliance, ARENA party leader Roberto D'Aubuisson. Supported by the Presidency of Ronald Reagan, Reagan Administration and the Central Intelligence Agency, his time in office occurred during the worst years of the Salvadoran Civil War which saw numerous abuses and massacres of the civilian population by the Salvadoran security forces and the death squads l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1984 Salvadoran Presidential Election
Presidential elections were held in El Salvador on 25 March 1984, with a second round on 6 May.Dieter Nohlen (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I'', p276 A new president was elected, together with a vice president, for a five-year term. The result was a victory for José Napoleón Duarte of the Christian Democratic Party (El Salvador), Christian Democratic Party. The elections were held under military rule amidst high levels of repression and violence, and candidates Left-wing, to the left of Duarte's brand of Christian Democrats were excluded from participating. Nevertheless, the election was considered the first fair and just in El Salvador after the 1931 Salvadoran general election, 1931 election. Results References {{Authority control Presidential elections in El Salvador 1984 in El Salvador, Presidential 1984 elections in Central America, El Salvador Election and referendum articles with incomplete results March 1984 in North America Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Far-right Politics
Far-right politics, often termed right-wing extremism, encompasses a range of ideologies that are marked by ultraconservatism, authoritarianism, ultranationalism, and Nativism (politics), nativism. This political spectrum situates itself on the far end of the right-wing politics, right, distinguished from more mainstream right-wing ideologies by its opposition to Liberal democracy, liberal democratic norms and emphasis on Exclusivism, exclusivist views. Far-right ideologies have historically included fascism, Nazism, and Falangism, while contemporary manifestations also incorporate neo-fascism, neo-Nazism, white supremacy, and various other movements characterized by chauvinism, xenophobia, and theocratic or reactionary beliefs. Key to the far-right worldview is the notion of societal purity, often invoking ideas of a homogeneous "national" or "ethnic" community. This view generally promotes organicism, which perceives society as a unified, natural entity under threat from D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neo-fascism
Neo-fascism is a post-World War II far-right ideology which includes significant elements of fascism. Neo-fascism usually includes ultranationalism, ultraconservatism, racial supremacy, right-wing populism, authoritarianism, nativism, xenophobia, and anti-immigration sentiment, as well as opposition to social democracy, parliamentarianism, Marxism, communism, socialism, liberalism, neoliberalism, and liberal democracy. Allegations that a group is neo-fascist may be hotly contested, especially when the term is used as a political epithet. Some post-World War II regimes have been described as neo-fascist due to their authoritarian nature, and sometimes due to their fascination with and sympathy towards fascist ideology and rituals. History According to Jean-Yves Camus and Nicolas Lebourg, the neo-fascist ideology emerged in 1942, after Nazi Germany invaded the USSR and decided to reorient its propaganda on a Europeanist ground. Europe then became both the myt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Intelligence Agency
The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA; ) is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the federal government of the United States tasked with advancing national security through collecting and analyzing intelligence from around the world and conducting covert operations. The agency is headquartered in the George Bush Center for Intelligence in Langley, Virginia, and is sometimes metonymously called "Langley". A major member of the United States Intelligence Community (IC), the CIA has reported to the director of national intelligence since 2004, and is focused on providing intelligence for the president and the Cabinet. The CIA is headed by a director and is divided into various directorates, including a Directorate of Analysis and Directorate of Operations. Unlike the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), the CIA has no law enforcement function and focuses on intelligence gathering overseas, with only limited domestic intelligence collection. The CIA is responsibl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
