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Robert William Mackay
Robert William Mackay (1803–1882) was a British philosophical and religious author. He is best known for ''The Progress of the Intellect'' (1850). Charles Hardwick in his ''Christ and other Masters'' grouped Mackay's religious views, with those of William Johnson Fox William Johnson Fox (1 March 1786 – 3 June 1864) was an English Unitarian minister, politician, and political orator. Early life Fox was born at Uggeshall Farm, Wrentham, near Southwold, Suffolk on 1 March 1786. His parents were strict Calvi ... and Theodore Parker, as falling under a heading "absolute religion". Life Born 27 May 1803 in Piccadilly, London, he was the only son of John Mackay, and was educated at Winchester College. He matriculated at Brasenose College, Oxford, 15 Jan. 1821, graduating B.A. 1824 and M.A. 1828, and winning the chancellor's prize for Latin verse. He was called to the bar at Lincoln's Inn in 1828, but turned to theology and philosophy. Mackay was independently wealthy, and a suppo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Hardwick
Charles Hardwick (22 September 1821 – 18 August 1859) was an English historian and a priest of the Church of England who became the Archdeacon of Ely. Life Hardwick was born in Slingsby, North Yorkshire, Slingsby, North Yorkshire, the son of Charles Hardwick, a joiner. After receiving some instruction at Slingsby, Malton, North Yorkshire, Malton, and Sheffield, he acted for a short time as an usher at schools in Thornton, West Yorkshire, Thornton and Malton and as an assistant to the Revd Henry Barlow at Shirland rectory in Derbyshire. In October 1840, Hardwick unsuccessfully competed for a sizarship at St John's College, Cambridge. He became a pensioner and afterwards a minor scholar of St Catharine's Hall and was the first senior optime in January 1844. After being a tutor for the family of Sir Joseph Radcliffe in Brussels, he was elected as a fellow of his college in 1845. He was ordained deacon in 1846 and priest in 1847, in which year also he proceeded M.A. He was selec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Eliot
Mary Ann Evans (22 November 1819 – 22 December 1880; alternatively Mary Anne or Marian), known by her pen name George Eliot, was an English novelist, poet, journalist, translator, and one of the leading writers of the Victorian era. She wrote seven novels: ''Adam Bede'' (1859), ''The Mill on the Floss'' (1860), ''Silas Marner'' (1861), ''Romola'' (1862–63), ''Felix Holt, the Radical'' (1866), ''Middlemarch'' (1871–72) and '' Daniel Deronda'' (1876). Like Charles Dickens and Thomas Hardy, she emerged from provincial England; most of her works are set there. Her works are known for their realism, psychological insight, sense of place and detailed depiction of the countryside. ''Middlemarch'' was described by the novelist Virginia Woolf as "one of the few English novels written for grown-up people"Woolf, Virginia. "George Eliot." ''The Common Reader''. New York: Harcourt, Brace, and World, 1925. pp. 166–76. and by Martin Amis and Julian Barnes as the greatest novel in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1882 Deaths
Year 188 (CLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known in the Roman Empire as the Year of the Consulship of Fuscianus and Silanus (or, less frequently, year 941 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 188 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Publius Helvius Pertinax becomes pro-consul of Africa from 188 to 189. Japan * Queen Himiko (or Shingi Waō) begins her reign in Japan (until 248). Births * April 4 – Caracalla (or Antoninus), Roman emperor (d. 217) * Lu Ji (or Gongji), Chinese official and politician (d. 219) * Sun Shao, Chinese general of the Eastern Wu state (d. 241) Deaths * March 17 – Julian, pope and patriarch of Alexandria * Fa Zhen (or Gaoqing), Chinese scholar (b. AD 100) * Lucius Antistius Burrus, Roman politician (executed) * Ma Xiang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1803 Births
Eighteen or 18 may refer to: * 18 (number), the natural number following 17 and preceding 19 * one of the years 18 BC, AD 18, 1918, 2018 Film, television and entertainment * ''18'' (film), a 1993 Taiwanese experimental film based on the short story ''God's Dice'' * ''Eighteen'' (film), a 2005 Canadian dramatic feature film * 18 (British Board of Film Classification), a film rating in the United Kingdom, also used in Ireland by the Irish Film Classification Office * 18 (''Dragon Ball''), a character in the ''Dragon Ball'' franchise * "Eighteen", a 2006 episode of the animated television series ''12 oz. Mouse'' Music Albums * ''18'' (Moby album), 2002 * ''18'' (Nana Kitade album), 2005 * '' 18...'', 2009 debut album by G.E.M. Songs * "18" (5 Seconds of Summer song), from their 2014 eponymous debut album * "18" (One Direction song), from their 2014 studio album ''Four'' * "18", by Anarbor from their 2013 studio album '' Burnout'' * "I'm Eighteen", by Alice Cooper commonl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Fellowes (philanthropist)
Robert Fellowes, LL.D. (1771 – 6 February 1847) was an English clergyman, journalist and philanthropist. Life His father William Fellowes of Danbury was the eldest son of William Fellowes of Shottesham Park, Norfolk. After attending Felsted School in Essex Fellowes was educated for the church. He matriculated at Oriel College, Oxford in 1788, graduating B.A. at St Mary Hall, where he graduated BA on 30 June 1796, and an MA on 28 January 1801. Fellowes took orders, but seems to have held no preferment. For over six years (1804–11) he edited ''The Critical Review''. He was a close friend of Samuel Parr, who introduced him to the embattled Queen Caroline of Brunswick, whose cause he supported. He is said to have written all her replies to the numerous addresses presented to her in 1820. On the other hand, the positions as the Queen's chaplain and private secretary may have been taken by John Page Wood at some point in 1819. Francis Maseres left Fellowes at his death in 18 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Scott (1808–1878)
Thomas Scott (1808–1878) was an English small press publisher and freethinker. He is known for a series of books and pamphlets published in the 1860s and 1870s on topics around religion. Life Born on 28 April 1808, Scott was brought up in France as a Roman Catholic. He attended the court of Charles X of France. Independently wealthy, he travelled widely, and spent some time with Native Americans. Around 1856 Scott grew dissatisfied with Christian beliefs. In 1862 he started issuing tracts advocating "free enquiry and the free expression of opinion". These were printed at his own expense, and given away mostly to the clergy and intellectuals. Scott made his house a salon for freethinkers. Supporting Charles Voysey, deprived of his living in 1871 and subsequently preaching at St. George's Hall, London, he set up a theistic church in 1870, and moved to Upper Norwood to be near it. Through Voysey, Annie Besant met Scott and his wife in 1872, and encountered the salon. When she s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francis Newman
Francis Newman (circa 1605 – 18 November 1660) was an English colonist in America. He served as Governor of the New Haven Colony from 1658 to 1659. Early life and career Newman was born in England in 1605 and married Mary Newman Street Leete in 1630 when he was twenty-five. He emigrated to New Hampshire in 1634, but shortly thereafter moved to the Connecticut valley. Newman was prominent in the affairs of the colony at New Haven, becoming ensign in the trained band in June, 1642. He was made surveyor of roads and bridges on 21 October 1644. He rose to Deputy and Lieutenant of Artillery on 31 March 1645; interim secretary on 10 March 1646; and Deputy for Jurisdiction and Secretary on 18 October 1647. He became Magistrate on 25 May 1653. In 1653, he was one of the commissioners sent from the Connecticut River towns to Manhattan to demand reparation of Peter Stuyvesant, Governor of New Netherland, for injuries sustained by the English colonists at the hands of the Dutch. In July ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ferdinand Christian Baur
Ferdinand Christian Baur (21 June 1792 – 2 December 1860) was a German Protestant theologian and founder and leader of the (new) Tübingen School of theology (named for the University of Tübingen where Baur studied and taught). Following Hegel's theory of dialectic, Baur argued that second century Christianity represented the synthesis of two opposing theses: Jewish Christianity (Petrine Christianity) and Gentile Christianity (Pauline Christianity). This and the rest of Baur's work had a profound impact upon higher criticism of biblical and related texts. Adolf Hilgenfeld followed Baur's lead and edited the Tübingen School's journal, though he was less radical than Baur. A patristic scholar and philosopher at Tübingen, Albert Schwegler, gave the School's theories their most vigorous expression. The School's influence peaked in the 1840s, but was waning by the early twentieth century."Tübingen School." Cross, F. L., ed. The Oxford dictionary of the Christian church. New York ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sophia Dobson Collet
Sophia Dobson Collet (1 February 1822 – 27 March 1894) was a 19th-century English feminist freethinker. She wrote under the pen name ''Panthea'' in George Holyoake's ''Reasoner'', wrote for ''The Spectator'' and was a friend of the leading feminist Frances Power Cobbe. Family background Sophia Dobson Collet was born Sophia Dobson in the parish of St. Pancras, London, the fifth of seven children of John Dobson (1778–1827), and his wife ( and first cousin), Elizabeth Barker (1787–1875). She was described by Richard Garnett in the biography of William Johnson Fox as having attacks of a "disabling illness". Her elder brother was the Chartist radical Collet Dobson Collet (1812–1898). Another of her brothers was the engineer Edward Dobson (1816/17?–1908). She was the aunt of social reformer Clara Collet (1860–1948), who worked with Charles Booth on his great investigative work ''Life and Labour of the People of London''; and of Sir Wilfred Collet, governor of Britis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedrich Creuzer
Georg Friedrich Creuzer (; 10 March 1771 – 6 February 1858) was a German philologist and archaeologist. Life He was born at Marburg, the son of a bookbinder. After studying at Marburg and at the University of Jena, he went to Leipzig as a private tutor; but in 1802 he was appointed professor at Marburg, and two years later professor of philology and ancient history at Heidelberg. He held the latter position for nearly forty-five years, with the exception of a short time spent at the University of Leiden, where his health was affected by the Dutch climate. He was one of the principal founders of the Philological Seminary established at Heidelberg in 1807. The Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, Paris, appointed him one of its members, and from the Grand Duke of Baden he received the dignity of privy councillor. In 1844 he received a medal for his 40th anniversary of employment at the University of Heidelberg. This medal was made by the engraver Ludwig Kachel. Work ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nature Worship
Nature worship also called naturism or physiolatry is any of a variety of religious, spiritual and devotional practices that focus on the worship of the nature spirits considered to be behind the natural phenomena visible throughout nature. A nature deity can be in charge of nature, a place, a biotope, the biosphere, the cosmos, or the universe. Nature worship is often considered the primitive source of modern religious beliefs and can be found in pantheism, theism, panentheism, deism, polytheism, animism, totemism, shamanism, paganism, Saridharam,sarnaism,Kirat and Wicca. Common to most forms of nature worship is a spiritual focus on the individual's connection and influence on some aspects of the natural world and reverence towards it.''The New International Encyclopædia'', Volume 14 edited by Daniel Coit Gilman, Harry Thurston Peck, Frank Moore Colby, pp 288-289 Due to their admiration of nature, the works of Carl Linnaeus and Charles Wordsworth were viewed as nature worship ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Chapman (publisher)
John Chapman (16 June 1821 – 25 November 1894) was an English publisher who acquired the influential radical journal, the ''Westminster Review''. His assistant editor and lodger Mary Ann Evans later wrote classic novels under the name George Eliot. Life He was born on 16 June 1821. He was son of a chemist at Nottingham. He was apprenticed to a watchmaker at Worksop, but, not staying long with him, went to his brother, a medical student at Edinburgh, who sent him out to Adelaide to start in business as a watchmaker and optician. Returning to Europe about 1844, he began studying medicine in Paris, and continued his studies at St. George's Hospital, London. After submitting a book on human nature to Green, a publisher and bookseller in Newgate Street, he was led to take over Green's business, which he transferred to 142 Strand. In 1846, he published the first English translation of David Strauss' ''Life of Jesus'', translated by Mary Ann Evans, later better known by her pen name ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
