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Robert Fordham
Robert Clive Fordham (born 10 February 1942) is an Australian former politician, who was a member of the Victorian Legislative Assembly representing the state seat of Footscray for the Labor Party from 1970 to 1992. He was Deputy Premier of Victoria in John Cain's government from 1982 to 1989.Fordham, Robert Clive
''Re-Member'', Parliament of Victoria.


Early life and education

Fordham was born in Melbourne and attended Footscray North Primary School and Essendon High School before studying commerce and arts at the . He worked as an accountant, and joined the Commonwealth Public Service Board in 1968. He is the brothe ...
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The Honourable
''The Honourable'' (British English) or ''The Honorable'' (American English; see spelling differences) (abbreviation: ''Hon.'', ''Hon'ble'', or variations) is an honorific style that is used as a prefix before the names or titles of certain people, usually with official governmental or diplomatic positions. Use by governments International diplomacy In international diplomatic relations, representatives of foreign states are often styled as ''The Honourable''. Deputy chiefs of mission, , consuls-general and consuls are always given the style. All heads of consular posts, whether they are honorary or career postholders, are accorded the style according to the State Department of the United States. However, the style ''Excellency'' instead of ''The Honourable'' is used for ambassadors and high commissioners. Africa The Congo In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the prefix 'Honourable' or 'Hon.' is used for members of both chambers of the Parliament of the Democratic Repu ...
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Frank Wilkes
Frank Noel Wilkes (16 June 1922 – 20 August 2015) was an Australian politician who served as the Leader of the Labor Opposition in Victoria from 1977 to 1981. Early life Wilkes was born in Melbourne and educated at Northcote Primary and Secondary Schools and Preston Technical College. During the Second World War he served in the southwest Pacific in the Australian Army as a radio operator. After the war he studied accountancy, and worked in his father's furniture factory, of which he later became manager. In 1954 he was elected to Northcote City Council, which he almost completely dominated. Wilkes served as a Councillor until 1978, but he never became Mayor, as work commitments being both a councillor and a parliamentarian were too great. Political career The state electorate of Northcote had been held since 1917 by John Cain Sr., leader of the Labor Party and three times Premier of Victoria. Wilkes became a protégé of Cain's and joined the Labor Party in 1948, desp ...
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Alan Hunt (politician)
Alan John Hunt AM (9 October 1927 – 19 July 2013) was an Australian politician, having been a member of the Victorian Legislative Council from 1961 until 1992. Hunt started his education in South Australia and later attended Melbourne Grammar School. He then went to the University of Melbourne where he was a non-resident law student at Trinity College. He was president of the Melbourne University Liberals from 1948–50 and secretary of the then National Union of Australian University Students. After obtaining a law degree he practised as a solicitor until entering the Legislative Council in 1961, representing the Liberal Party. Hunt was first appointed as a minister in 1971, under the premiership of Henry Bolte. He served in a variety of portfolios under the Bolte, Hamer and Thompson governments, most notability as Minister for Local Government, Minister for Planning and Minister for Education. He was briefly Attorney-General of Victoria in 1976. From 1979 to 1982 the Ha ...
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2013 Australia Day Honours
The 2013 Australia Day Honours were announced on 26 January 2013 by the Governor-General of Australia, Quentin Bryce. The Australia Day Honours, the first major honours list for a calendar year, are announced on Australia Day (26 January) every year, with the other being the Queen's Birthday Honours which are announced on the second Monday in June. † indicates an award given posthumously. Order of Australia Companion (AC) General Division Officer (AO) General Division Military Division Member (AM) General Division Military Division Medal (OAM) General Division Military Division Meritorious Service Notes: Public Service Medal (PSM) Australian Police Medal (APM) Australian Fire Service Medal (AFSM) Ambulance Service Medal (ASM) Emergency Services Medal (ESM) Gallantry, Distinguished and Conspicuous Service Notes:
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East Gippsland Institute Of TAFE
TAFE Gippsland, formerly Advance TAFE & East Gippsland Institute of TAFE is a TAFE institute located in the Gippsland region of Victoria, Australia. It has campuses located at Bairnsdale, Lakes Entrance and Sale as well as specialist education centres located across the south-east of Victoria, encompassing the Wellington Shire and East Gippsland Shire regions. A wide selection of study options in vocational education are offered from short courses, pre-apprenticeships, apprenticeships and traineeships through to certificate, diploma and advanced diploma levels under the Australian Qualifications Framework. In 2006 11,000 students studied at Advance TAFE at over 350 courses. The Institute developed relationships with a number of Universities and other training providers (including RMIT University, Monash University, Deakin University, University of Ballarat, Central Gippsland Institute of TAFE, and Canberra Institute of Technology). History East Gippsland TAFE had its origins ...
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East Gippsland
East Gippsland is the eastern region of Gippsland, Victoria, Australia covering 31,740 square kilometres (14%) of Victoria. It has a population of 80,114. Australian Bureau of Statistics2006 Census Community Profile Series: East Gippsland (Statistical Division). Released at 29/02/2008. LOCATION CODE: 250 STATE: VIC/ref> History The Shire of East Gippsland, also called Far East Gippsland, covers two-thirds (66%) of East Gippsland's area and holds half (50%) of its population. Australian Bureau of Statistics2006 Census. Community Profile Series: East Gippsland Shire (Statistical Subdivision). Released at 29/02/2008. LOCATION CODE: 25005 STATE: VIC/ref> The Shire of East Gippsland is confusingly also referred to simply as East Gippsland. It excludes the Shire of Wellington (Central Gippsland). This article (currently) refers mainly to "Far East Gippsland". East Gippsland's major towns include, from west to east, Bairnsdale (the largest town and administrative centre), Paynesville ...
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1988 Victorian State Election
The 1988 Victorian state election, held on Saturday, 1 October 1988, was for the 51st Parliament of Victoria. It was held in the Australian state of Victoria to elect all 88 members of the state's Legislative Assembly and 22 members of the 44-member Legislative Council. The incumbent Labor Party government led by Premier John Cain Jr. won a third term in office, despite a swing against it, and only lost the seat of Warrandyte in Melbourne's north-east. This was credited by commentators to a strong campaign targeting Liberal leader Jeff Kennett whose aggressive leadership style was still seen as a liability, as well as continuing instability in the federal Coalition. Labor's narrow wins in middle class marginal seats saw it retain its majority despite the Liberals winning a bare majority of the two party preferred vote. Results Legislative Assembly Legislative Council Seats changing hands *Members listed in italics did not recontest their seats. Ke ...
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Bad Debt
Bad debt, occasionally called uncollectible accounts expense, is a monetary amount owed to a creditor that is unlikely to be paid and for which the creditor is not willing to take action to collect for various reasons, often due to the debtor not having the money to pay, for example due to a company going into liquidation or insolvency. There are various technical definitions of what constitutes a bad debt, depending on accounting conventions, regulatory treatment and the institution provisioning. In the USA, bank loans with more than ninety days' arrears become "problem loans". Accounting sources advise that the full amount of a bad debt be written off to the profit and loss account or a provision for bad debts as soon as it is foreseen. Doubtful debt Doubtful debts are those debts which a business or individual is unlikely to be able to collect. The reasons for potential non-payment can include disputes oversupply, delivery, the condition of the item, or the appearance of fina ...
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Black Monday (1987)
Black Monday is the name commonly given to the global, sudden, severe, and largely unexpected stock market crash on Monday, October 19, 1987. In Australia and New Zealand, the day is also referred to as ''Black Tuesday'' because of the time zone difference from other English-speaking countries. All of the twenty-three major world markets experienced a sharp decline in October 1987. When measured in United States dollars, eight markets declined by 20 to 29%, three by 30 to 39% (Malaysia, Mexico and New Zealand), and three by more than 40% (Hong Kong, Australia and Singapore). The least affected was Austria (a fall of 11.4%) while the most affected was Hong Kong with a drop of 45.8%. Out of twenty-three major industrial countries, nineteen had a decline greater than 20%. Worldwide losses were estimated at US$1.71 trillion. The severity of the crash sparked fears of extended economic instability or even a reprise of the Great Depression. The degree to which the stock market crashe ...
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Public Float
In the context of stock markets, the public float or free float represents the portion of shares of a corporation that are in the hands of public investors as opposed to locked-in shares held by promoters, company officers, controlling-interest investors, or governments. This number is sometimes seen as a better way of calculating market capitalization, because it provides a more accurate reflection (than entire market capitalization) of what public investors consider the company to be worth. In this context, the ''float'' may refer to all the shares outstanding that can be publicly traded. Calculating public float The float is calculated by subtracting the locked-in shares from outstanding shares. For example, a company may have 10 million outstanding shares, with 3 million of them in a locked-in position; this company's float would be 7 million (multiplied by the share price). Stocks with smaller floats tend to be more volatile than those with larger floats. In general, the ...
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Rupert Hamer
Sir Rupert James Hamer, (29 July 1916 – 23 March 2004), generally known until he was knighted in 1982 as Dick Hamer, was an Australian Liberal Party politician who served as the 39th Premier of Victoria from 1972 to 1981. Early years Hamer was born in Melbourne to Elizabeth Anne McLuckie and Hubert Hamer, a solicitor. His three siblings all achieved success in their fields: his sister was Alison Patrick (1921–2009), an internationally known historian of the French Revolution; his brothers were David Hamer (1923–2002), a federal Liberal politician, and Alan, a Rhodes Scholar, chemist and managing director of ICI Australia. Hamer was educated at Melbourne Grammar School and Geelong Grammar School and graduated in law from the University of Melbourne, where he was resident at Trinity College from 1936. He was a member, with his brother Alan, of the College First XVIII Australian Rules football team, and was Secretary of the Student Club. He joined the Melbourne University ...
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Ian Cathie
Ian Robert Cathie (24 October 1932 – 25 October 2017) was an Australian politician. Born in Melbourne, to printer George Mitchell Cathie and Sybil Balding, he attended state schools, Wesley College, then the University of Melbourne, where he studied teaching. On 5 January 1957 he married Christine Watson, with whom he had four children; he married again on 3 July 1976 Jean Germain, an industrial nurse. He was president of the Peninsula Victorian Teachers Union in 1959 and taught at Frankston and Mordialloc-Chelsea High Schools, as well as serving on the council of Monash University from 1977 to 1982. In 1964 he was elected to the Victorian Legislative Council as a Labor member for South Eastern Province; he was defeated in 1970, but in 1976 was elected to the Legislative Assembly seat of Carrum, which he held until 1988. Ministerial appointments under the John Cain (Jnr) government include: * Minister for Housing 1982–85 * Minister for Economic Development Dec 1982 – No ...
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