|
Rhodobryum Roseum
''Rhodobryum roseum'', commonly known as rose moss, is a species of moss of the subclass Bryidae and family Bryaceae, found throughout most of the world in woods or sheltered grassy places. It rarely forms sporophytes and spore cases, and primarily reproduces vegetatively by stolons, horizontal stems that root at the nodes, resulting in populations of plants that are sterile or only female. Description This species forms characteristic rosettes of leaves at the ends of secondary stems, which in turn grow from a wiry, creeping primary stem. The rosette of some 18-22 leaves somewhat resembles a small green rose. The leaf margins are revolute and finely toothed towards the leaf tip, which ends in a short mucronate point. The leaf midrib is prominent. Leaves growing on the primary stem are small and scale-like, while the basal leaves on the secondary stems are also very small. It occurs in short grassland in open woodland, occasionally in forests, heaths, sand dunes and chalk grasslan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bryidae
Bryidae is an important subclass of Bryopsida. It is common throughout the whole world. Members have a double peristome with alternating tooth segments. Classification The classification of the Bryidae.Buck, William R. & Bernard Goffinet. 2000. "Morphology and classification of mosses", pages 71-123 ''in'' A. Jonathan Shaw & Bernard Goffinet (Eds.), ''Bryophyte Biology''. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). . Superorder: Bryanae :Bartramiales :Bryales :Hedwigiales :Orthotrichales :Rhizogoniales :Splachnales Superorder: Hypnanae :Hypnodendrales :Ptychomniales :Hookeriales :Hypnales Hypnales is the botanical name of an order of Bryophyta or leafy mosses. This group is sometimes called feather mosses, referring to their freely branched stems. The order includes more than 40 families and more than 4,000 species, making them ... References Plant subclasses Bryopsida {{Bryophyte-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bryaceae
Bryaceae is a family of mosses. Genera Genera include:Buck, William R. & Bernard Goffinet. 2000. "Morphology and classification of mosses", pages 71-123 ''in'' A. Jonathan Shaw & Bernard Goffinet (Eds.), ''Bryophyte Biology''. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). . *'' Acidodontium'' *''Anomobryum'' (e.g. ''Anomobryum julaceum'') *'' Brachymenium'' *''Bryum'' *'' Imbribryum'' *'' Leptostomopsis'' (formerly part of ''Bryum'') *'' Mniobryoides'' *'' Ochiobryum'' *'' Osculatia'' *'' Perssonia'' *'' Plagiobryoides *''Plagiobryum'' *'' Ptychostomum'' (formerly part of ''Bryum'') *''Rhodobryum'' (e.g. ''Rhodobryum roseum ''Rhodobryum roseum'', commonly known as rose moss, is a species of moss of the subclass Bryidae and family Bryaceae, found throughout most of the world in woods or sheltered grassy places. It rarely forms sporophytes and spore cases, and primari ...'') *'' Roellobryon'' (formerly known as ''Roellia'') *'' Rosulabryum'' References Moss f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sporophyte
A sporophyte () is the diploid multicellular stage in the life cycle of a plant or alga which produces asexual spores. This stage alternates with a multicellular haploid gametophyte phase. Life cycle The sporophyte develops from the zygote produced when a haploid egg cell is fertilized by a haploid sperm and each sporophyte cell therefore has a double set of chromosomes, one set from each parent. All land plants, and most multicellular algae, have life cycles in which a multicellular diploid sporophyte phase alternates with a multicellular haploid gametophyte phase. In the seed plants, the largest groups of which are the gymnosperms and flowering plants (angiosperms), the sporophyte phase is more prominent than the gametophyte, and is the familiar green plant with its roots, stem, leaves and cones or flowers. In flowering plants the gametophytes are very reduced in size, and are represented by the germinated pollen and the embryo sac. The sporophyte produces spores (hence t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stolons
In biology, stolons (from Latin '' stolō'', genitive ''stolōnis'' – "branch"), also known as runners, are horizontal connections between organisms. They may be part of the organism, or of its skeleton; typically, animal stolons are external skeletons. In botany In botany, stolons are stems which grow at the soil surface or just below ground that form adventitious roots at the nodes, and new plants from the buds. Stolons are often called runners. Rhizomes, in contrast, are root-like stems that may either grow horizontally at the soil surface or in other orientations underground. Thus, not all horizontal stems are called stolons. Plants with stolons are called stoloniferous. A stolon is a plant propagation strategy and the complex of individuals formed by a mother plant and all its clones produced from stolons form a single genetic individual, a genet. Morphology Stolons may or may not have long internodes. The leaves along the stolon are usually very small, but in a few ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ursolic Acid
Ursolic acid (sometimes referred to as urson, prunol, malol, or 3β-hydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid), is a pentacyclic triterpenoid identified in the epicuticular waxes of apples as early as 1920 and widely found in the peels of fruits, as well as in herbs and spices like rosemary and thyme. Natural occurrence Ursolic acid is present in many plants, such as ''Mirabilis jalapa'', as well as in many fruits and herbs used in daily life (e.g. apples, basil and holy basil, bilberries, cranberries, elder flower, peppermint, rosemary, lavender, oregano, thyme, hawthorn, and prunes). Apple peels contain large quantities of ursolic acid and related compounds. Potential biochemical effects A number of potential biochemical effects of ursolic acid have been investigated, but there has been no clinical study demonstrating benefits to human health. ''In vitro'', ursolic acid inhibits the proliferation of various cancer cell types by inhibiting the STAT3 activation pathway, and may also d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flavonoids
Flavonoids (or bioflavonoids; from the Latin word ''flavus'', meaning yellow, their color in nature) are a class of polyphenolic secondary metabolites found in plants, and thus commonly consumed in the diets of humans. Chemically, flavonoids have the general structure of a 15-carbon skeleton, which consists of two phenyl rings (A and B) and a heterocyclic ring (C, the ring containing the embedded oxygen). This carbon structure can be abbreviated C6-C3-C6. According to the IUPAC nomenclature, they can be classified into: *flavonoids or bioflavonoids *isoflavonoids, derived from 3-phenyl chromen-4-one (3-phenyl-1,4-benzopyrone) structure *neoflavonoids, derived from 4-phenylcoumarine (4-phenyl-1,2-benzopyrone) structure The three flavonoid classes above are all ketone-containing compounds and as such, anthoxanthins ( flavones and flavonols). This class was the first to be termed bioflavonoids. The terms flavonoid and bioflavonoid have also been more loosely used to describe non- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alkaloids
Alkaloids are a class of basic, naturally occurring organic compounds that contain at least one nitrogen atom. This group also includes some related compounds with neutral and even weakly acidic properties. Some synthetic compounds of similar structure may also be termed alkaloids. In addition to carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen, alkaloids may also contain oxygen, sulfur and, more rarely, other elements such as chlorine, bromine, and phosphorus.Chemical Encyclopedia: alkaloids xumuk.ru Alkaloids are produced by a large variety of organisms including , , |
Adulterants
An adulterant is caused by the act of adulteration, a practice of secretly mixing a substance with another. Typical substances that are adulterated include but are not limited to food, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, fuel, or other chemicals, that compromise the safety or effectiveness of the said substance. It will not normally be present in any specification or declared substances due to accident or negligence rather than intent, and also for the introduction of unwanted substances after the product has been made. Adulteration, therefore, implies that the adulterant was introduced deliberately in the initial manufacturing process, or sometimes that it was present in the raw materials and should have been removed, but was not. An adulterant is distinct from, for example, permitted food preservatives. There can be a fine line between adulterant and additive; chicory may be added to coffee to reduce the cost or achieve a desired flavor—this is adulteration if not declared, but m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhodobryum Ontariense
''Rhodobryum'' is a genus of mosses belonging to the family Bryaceae. The genus has cosmopolitan distribution. Species: *'' Rhodobryum abruptinervium'' (Müll. Hal.) Paris *'' Rhodobryum altopenduculatum'' (Müll. Hal.) Paris *'' Rhodobryum altoroseum'' (Müll. Hal. ex Broth.) Paris *'' Rhodobryum amblyacis'' (Müll. Hal.) Paris *'' Rhodobryum andicola'' (Hook.) Paris *'' Rhodobryum andinoroseum'' (Müll. Hal.) Paris *'' Rhodobryum angeiothecium'' (Müll. Hal.) Paris *'' Rhodobryum aubertii'' (Schwägr.) Thér. *'' Rhodobryum beyrichianum'' (Hornsch.) Müll. Hal. *'' Rhodobryum brunneidens'' (Müll. Hal.) Paris *'' Rhodobryum caulifolium'' (Müll. Hal.) Paris *'' Rhodobryum chalarorhodon'' (Müll. Hal. ex Broth.) Paris *'' Rhodobryum chilense'' Thér. *''Rhodobryum chlororhodon'' (Müll. Hal.) Paris *'' Rhodobryum coloratum'' (Müll. Hal.) Paris *'' Rhodobryum comatum'' (Besch.) Paris *'' Rhodobryum commersonii'' (Schwägr.) Paris *''Rhodobryum confluens'' Paris *''Rhodobryum cy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plagiomnium Actum
''Plagiomnium'' is a genus of mosses in the family Mniaceae. It was formerly a part of a more encompassing genus '' Mnium'' and in 1968 Finish bryologist Timo Juhani Koponen justified splitting the genus into a number of smaller genera. Description This genus is characterized by singly placed marginal teeth. ''Plagiomnium'' are commonlyg found along shaded stream banks, seeps and springs, generally on soil with a high humus content. Species The genus ''Plagiomnium'' contains the following species: *''Plagiomnium acutum'' *'' Plagiomnium affine'' *''Plagiomnium arbusculum'' *'' Plagiomnium carolinianum'' *''Plagiomnium ciliare'' *'' Plagiomnium cinclidioides'' *'' Plagiomnium confertidens'' *''Plagiomnium cordatum'' *''Plagiomnium cuspidatum'' *''Plagiomnium drummondii'' *''Plagiomnium ecklonii'' *''Plagiomnium elatum'' *'' Plagiomnium elimbatum'' *''Plagiomnium ellipticum'' *''Plagiomnium insigne'' *''Plagiomnium integroradiatum'' *''Plagiomnium integrum' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
