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Revolutionary Cultural Eastern Hearths
The Revolutionary Cultural Eastern Hearths (Devrimci Doğu Kültür Ocakları, DDKO) were an association of mainly Kurdish students in Turkey. It was formed in 1969 and forbidden after the military coup in 1971. History In the late 1960s, Kurdish students organized so-called Eastern Meetings (Turkish:''Doğu Mitingleri'') which in 1969 lead to the foundation of the Revolutionary Cultural Eastern Hearths. The DDKO was initially present in Ankara and Istanbul, where Abdullah Öcalan took part in their activities. But soon spread its activities to cities in the Kurdish provinces, branches were established in Ergani in November 1970, a month later in Silvan and Kozluk and in January 1971 in Diyarbakır and Batman. The DDKO received relevant support of the left-wing Turkish Workers' Party (TIP) who's president Mehmet Ali Aslan was a Kurd and in 1969 has condemned a decree of the year 1967 prohibiting the distribution of foreign material in the Kurdish language. Ideology and ai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kurdish Population
The Kurdish population is estimated to be between 30 and 45 million.The Kurdish Population by the Kurdish Institute of Paris, 2017 estimate. The Kurdish population is estimated at 15–20 million in Turkey, 10–12 million in Iran, 8–8.5 million in Iraq, 3–3.6 million in Syria, 1.2–1.5 million in the European diaspora, and 400k–500k in the former USSR—for a total of 36.4 million to 45.6 million globally. Most Kurdish people live in Kurdistan, which today is split between Iranian Kurdistan, Iraqi Kurdistan, Turkish Kurdistan, and Syrian Kurdistan. There are also many Kurds among the Kurdish diaspora and in Red Kurdistan. Kurdistan The bulk of Kurdish groups in Kurdistan are Sunni (mostly of the Shafi'i school), but there are significant minorities ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yakut Language
Yakut , also known as Yakutian, Sakha, Saqa or Saxa ( sah, саха тыла), is a Turkic language spoken by around 450,000 native speakers, primarily the ethnic Yakuts and one of the official languages of Sakha (Yakutia), a federal republic in the Russian Federation. The Yakut language differs from all other Turkic languages in the presence of a layer of vocabulary of unclear origin (possibly Paleo-Siberian). There is also a large number of words of Mongolian origin related to ancient borrowings, as well as numerous recent borrowings from Russian. Like other Turkic languages and their ancestor Proto-Turkic, Yakut is an agglutinative language and features vowel harmony. Classification Yakut is a member of the Northeastern Common Turkic family of languages, which also includes Shor, Tuvan and Dolgan. Like most Turkic languages, Yakut has vowel harmony, is agglutinative and has no grammatical gender. Word order is usually subject–object–verb. Yakut has been influenced b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1969 Establishments In Turkey
This year is notable for Apollo 11's first landing on the moon. Events January * January 4 – The Government of Spain hands over Ifni to Morocco. * January 5 **Ariana Afghan Airlines Flight 701 crashes into a house on its approach to London's Gatwick Airport, killing 50 of the 62 people on board and two of the home's occupants. * January 14 – An explosion aboard the aircraft carrier USS ''Enterprise'' near Hawaii kills 27 and injures 314. * January 19 – End of the siege of the University of Tokyo, marking the beginning of the end for the 1968–69 Japanese university protests. * January 20 – Richard Nixon is sworn in as the 37th President of the United States. * January 22 – An assassination attempt is carried out on Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev by deserter Viktor Ilyin. One person is killed, several are injured. Brezhnev escaped unharmed. * January 27 ** Fourteen men, 9 of them Jews, are executed in Baghdad for spying for Israel. ** Revere ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organizations Established In 1969
An organization or organisation (Commonwealth English; see spelling differences), is an entity—such as a company, an institution, or an association—comprising one or more people and having a particular purpose. The word is derived from the Greek word ''organon'', which means tool or instrument, musical instrument, and organ. Types There are a variety of legal types of organizations, including corporations, governments, non-governmental organizations, political organizations, international organizations, armed forces, charities, not-for-profit corporations, partnerships, cooperatives, and educational institutions, etc. A hybrid organization is a body that operates in both the public sector and the private sector simultaneously, fulfilling public duties and developing commercial market activities. A voluntary association is an organization consisting of volunteers. Such organizations may be able to operate without legal formalities, depending on jurisdiction, includin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Judicial System Of Turkey
The judicial system of Turkey is defined by Articles 138 to 160 of the Constitution of Turkey. With the founding of the Republic, Turkey adopted a civil law legal system, replacing Ottoman law and the Sharia courts. The Civil Code, adopted in 1926, was based on the Swiss Civil Code of 1907 and the Swiss Code of Obligations of 1911. Although it underwent a number of changes in 2002, it retains much of the basis of the original Code. The Criminal Code, originally based on the Italian Criminal Code, was replaced in 2005 by a Code with principles similar to the German Penal Code and German law generally. Administrative law is based on the French equivalent and procedural law generally shows the influence of the Swiss, German and French legal systems. The legal profession The general term for members of the legal profession in Turkey is ''hukukçu''. In Turkey, any man or woman, after having graduated from a law faculty at a university, can become attorney-at-law or barris ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indo-European Languages
The Indo-European languages are a language family native to the overwhelming majority of Europe, the Iranian plateau, and the northern Indian subcontinent. Some European languages of this family, English, French, Portuguese, Russian, Dutch, and Spanish, have expanded through colonialism in the modern period and are now spoken across several continents. The Indo-European family is divided into several branches or sub-families, of which there are eight groups with languages still alive today: Albanian, Armenian, Balto-Slavic, Celtic, Germanic, Hellenic, Indo-Iranian, and Italic; and another nine subdivisions that are now extinct. Today, the individual Indo-European languages with the most native speakers are English, Hindi–Urdu, Spanish, Bengali, French, Russian, Portuguese, German, and Punjabi, each with over 100 million native speakers; many others are small and in danger of extinction. In total, 46% of the world's population (3.2 billion people) speaks an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mümtaz Kotan
Mumtaz ( ar, ممتاز) is a name commonly used in various countries in the Muslim world, mainly Afghanistan, Brunei, Malaysia, Pakistan, Bangladesh, India and Turkey. It can also be used as a female name. ''Mumtazah'' is a related female version. Its root is from Arabic language, meaning "excellent". People with the given name * Mumtaz (actress) (born 1947), Indian film actress * Mumtaz (Pakistani actress) (born 1948), Pakistani film actress * Momtaz Begum (born 1974), Bangladeshi folk singer * Mumtaz Begum (actress) (born 1923), Indian film actress * Syed Mumtaz Alam Gillani (born 1940), Pakistani politician * Mumtaz Habib (born 1987), Afghan cricketer * Momtaz Al Ket, Egyptian writer * Mumtaz Mahal (1593–1631), Indian empress * Mumtaz Mufti (1905–1995), Pakistani novelist * Mumtaz Hamid Rao (1941–2011), Pakistani television journalist and broadcaster * Samad Khan Momtaz os-Saltaneh (1869–1954), Iranian diplomat * Mümtaz Sevinç (1952–2006), Turkish actor * M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mehdi Zana
Mehdi Zana (born 20 December 1940 in Silvan) is an author and former Kurdish politician from Turkey. At: "KORT BIOGRAFI ÖVER FÖRFATTAREN OCH POLITIKERN MEHDI ZANA" He is prominent Kurdish political activist a former Mayor of Diyarbakır. Following the coup de état in 1980 he was imprisoned for more than ten years. Early life and education Zana went to the local elementary school and did not finish high school to begin to work as a tailor in Silvan. The workshop he worked in was owned by a prominent Kurdist intellectual of the time, Niyazi Tatlıcı. The tailor workshop has been described as a sort of a "university" by political activists of the time. In the Eastern Meetings (''Doğu mitingleri)'' he attempted to organize a Kurdish theater tour through four villages in Diyarbakir but didn't succeed. Besides he was also involved in the Revolutionary Cultural Eastern Hearths (DDKO). Political career In 1963 he became a member of Workers Party of Turkey (TİP) of which two year ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
İsmail Beşikçi
İsmail Beşikçi (born 1939 in İskilip, Turkey) is a Turkish sociologist, philosopher, revolutionary, and writer. He is a PEN Honorary Member. He has served 17 years in prison on propaganda charges stemming from his writings about the Kurdish population in Turkey. Early life and education Beşikçi studied at the Faculty of Political Sciences of Ankara University, and graduated in 1962. After his military duty he became an assistant professor at Atatürk University in Erzurum. He prepared his first anthropological study, an investigation of one of the last nomadic Kurdish tribes, the Alikan, here, which he submitted in 1967 to the Ankara Faculty of Political Sciences. His second encounter with the Kurds was during his military service when he served in Bitlis and Hakkâri where he first saw the nomadic Alikan tribe pass through Bitlis on their migrations from winter to summer meadows and back. Professional career His book "The order of East Anatolia", first published in 1969 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Necmettin Büyükkaya
Necmettin Büyükkaya also known as Neco (1943–1984) was a prominent Kurdish activist and cadre of the Revolutionary Cultural Eastern Hearths in Turkey who was tortured to death in prison. Biography Büyükkaya was born in 1943 in the village of Karahan (Dağbaşı) in the Siverek district of Şanlıurfa Province to Kurdish parents and went on to study at the Istanbul University Faculty of Law after graduating high school in Diyarbakır. During his studies in Istanbul, he became a member of the Workers' Party and the Federation of Debate Clubs before becoming a prominent member of the Kurdish movement. He co-founded the Revolutionary Cultural Eastern Hearths together with other Kurdish intellectuals in 1969. After the 1971 military coup, he fled to Iraqi Kurdistan and became a member of the Kurdistan Democratic Party/North. In 1972, he went to Qamishli in Syria, and then Czechoslovakia and Sweden before returning to Turkey in 1975 after general amnesty Amnesty (from t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Musa Anter
Musa Anter (1920 – 20 September 1992), also known as "Apê Musa" ( ku, Apê Musa, literally "Uncle Musa"), was a Kurdish writer, journalist and intellectual and was assassinated by Turkish JITEM in September 1992. Early life and education He was born in the Eskimağara (''Zivingê'') village in the Mardin Province). Originally named Şeyhmus Elmas after Sheikh Şeyhmus, and Elmas (Diamond in Turkish) was the surname given by the Turkish authorities, he later wanted to be called Musa Anter. He was born into a respected family and after the death of his father, his mother became the Muhtar of the village who communicated with the tax collectors. His birth date is not known, first he was registered as born in 1924, then in 1920, but his mother shall have said that he was born after the judgement over the Christians for which Anter assumed to have been born either 1917 or 1918. He completed his primary education in Mardin, and then studied at junior and senior high school in Adan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Revolutionary Youth Federation Of Turkey
The Revolutionary Youth Federation of Turkey ( tr, Türkiye Devrimci Gençlik Federasyonu), often known simply as Revolutionary Youth ( tr, Devrimci Gençlik, DEV-GENÇ) was a Marxist-Leninist organization founded in 1965 in Turkey and banned in 1971 after the 1971 Turkish coup d'état, continuing for some time as an underground organization. It was founded in 1965 as the ''Federation of Debate Clubs'' and renamed in 1969. ''Dev-Genç'' members set U.S. Ambassador Robert Komer's car on fire in 1969 while he was visiting an Ankara university campus. ''Dev-Genç'' members participated in the protests against the United States Sixth Fleet anchoring in Turkey (June 1967 to February 1969) and also played an active role in the workers' actions on 15–16 June 1970.See the undated articlDev-Genç (Devrimci Gençlik Federasyonu retrieved 30 September 2014 Members included were Ulaş Bardakçı, Mahir Çayan, Cihan Alptekin and Necmettin Büyükkaya. CIA agent Aldrich Ames was able ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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