Research Integrity Risk Index
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Research Integrity Risk Index
Research Integrity Risk Index (RI²) is a bibliometric-based risk indicator developed by Lokman Meho, an information scientist at the American University of Beirut to assess research integrity vulnerabilities in global academic institutions. It evaluates universities based on the rate of scientific retraction, retracted articles and the proportion of publications in delisted journals, offering an alternative to conventional research rankings. Background Traditional global university rankings tend to prioritize output and citation metrics. The RI² index offers a complementary lens focused on research reliability and ethical publishing practices. It was created to highlight patterns of publication misconduct or structural weaknesses in institutional oversight.Meho, L. I. (2025). "Gaming the Metrics? Bibliometric Anomalies and the Integrity Crisis in Global Research." arXiv:2505.06448. Methodology The RI² score is computed using two indicators: # Retraction Risk: Number of ...
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American University Of Beirut
The American University of Beirut (AUB; ) is a private, non-sectarian, and independent university chartered in New York with its main campus in Beirut, Lebanon. AUB is governed by a private, autonomous board of trustees and offers programs leading to bachelor's, master's, MD, and PhD degrees. AUB has an operating budget of $423 million with an endowment of approximately $768 million. The campus is composed of 64 buildings, including the American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC, formerly known as AUH – American University Hospital) (420 beds), four libraries, three museums and seven dormitories. Almost one-fifth of AUB's students attended secondary school or university outside Lebanon before coming to AUB. AUB graduates reside in more than 120 countries worldwide. The language of instruction is English. Degrees awarded at the university are officially registered with the New York Board of Regents. History On January 23, 1862, W. M. Thomson proposed to a m ...
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Middle East University (Jordan)
Middle East University (MEU) is a national education research consulting non-profit organization in Amman, Jordan, owned by the Company Middle East University for Graduate Studies. It is located near the Queen Alia International Airport (QAIA). Brief history The university inaugurated its first phase with the name "The Middle East University" on June 30, 2005, after having completed all the requirements of licensing and accreditation including the provision of qualified faculty members and administrative staff, and developed study plans. it is considered one of the distinguished universities in Jordan that offers the Bachelor's and Master's programmes in many educational field for students. The university received the first batch of students in twelve specialized master's program at the beginning of second semester of the academic year 2005/2006. Academics There are nine colleges in the university:
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The University Of Lahore
The University of Lahore (), abbreviated as UOL, is a private university located in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. The University of Lahore was founded at the collegiate level in 1999, under the IBADAT Educational Trust and was granted full degree awarding status in 2002. It is one of the largest private universities in Pakistan. Degrees are awarded in medicine, engineering, arts and social sciences. All programs are recognized by the Higher Education Commission (HEC) and government regulatory bodies in Pakistan. It is accredited by the Pakistan Engineering Council (PEC), Pakistan Bar Council, Pakistan Medical and Dental Council (PMDC), Pakistan Nursing Council and the Pharmacy Council of Pakistan. Introduction The University of Lahore (UOL) has 2 campuses in Lahore, 2 campuses in Islamabad and one each in Sargodha, Pakpattan and Gujrat. All programs are recognized by the Higher Education Commission (HEC), the government regulatory body in Pakistan. The Lahore campus not only attr ...
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University Of Management And Technology (Pakistan)
The University of Management and Technology (UMT) () is a top ranked private research university located in Lahore, Pakistan. It is chartered by the Government of Punjab, Pakistan and is recognized by the Higher Education Commission (Pakistan), Higher Education Commission of Pakistan (HEC) in the W4 category (highest category), the highest attainable HEC ranking for Pakistani universities. UMT is known for its generous scholarship program whereby 22% of the total student body study on some sort of scholarship. https://ilm.fund/ Its international institutional memberships include the Asia Pacific Quality Network (APQN), Asian Science Park Association (ASPA), ACBSP Global Business Accreditation, The Chemical Society of Pakistan, South Asia Triple Helix Association, AACSB Business Education Connected, AMDISA, FUIW, Global Business School Network, International Association of Universities, American Mathematical Society, Pakistan Mathematical Society, PILA, South African Mathematical S ...
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Al-Balqa Applied University
Balqa may refer to the following places: *Balqa (region), the central highland region of Jordan where Amman is situated. *Balqa Governorate Balqa' ( ''Al Balqā’'') is one of the governorates of Jordan. It is located northwest of Amman, Jordan's capital. The governorate has the fourth largest population of the 12 governorates of Jordan, and is ranked 10th by area. It has the thir ..., one of the governorates of Jordan, covering part of the Balqa region around the city of Salt. * Al-Balqaʼ Applied University, a university in Salt. {{disambiguation ...
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GLA University
GLA University is a private university in Mathura, Uttar Pradesh. It is recognized by University Grants Commission (UGC), NCTE and Pharmacy Council of India. It has been accredited by the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) with ‘A+’ Grade. Rankings The university was ranked 53rd in India by the NIRF National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) is a ranking methodology released annually by the Ministry of Education, Government of India, to rank institutions of higher education in India. The framework was approved by the former Ministry o ... (National Institutional Ranking Framework) in the pharmacy ranking and 151-200 overall in 2024. References *http://www.barcouncilofindia.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/List-of-Law-Colleges-having-approval-by-the-BCI-1.pdf External links *https://www.gla.ac.in/ *https://www.apnnews.com/legrand-signs-mou-with-gla-university-sets-up-centre-of-excellence-in-ups-maintenance/ *https://news.careers360.com/ugc-appr ...
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Gandhi Institute Of Technology And Management
Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management (GITAM) is a private deemed university located in Visakhapatnam, Hyderabad and Bengaluru. The university was founded by the late M. V. V. S. Murthi in Visakhapatnam in 1980. It was previously affiliated with Andhra University as GITAM College before gaining autonomous status in the year 2007. The campus in Visakhapatnam is one of the oldest, and spans over 80 acres. Collectively, the three campuses host 19 institutions under their wing. Campuses Visakhapatnam Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management Visakhapatnam Campus (GITAM Vishakapatnam Campus) established in 1980, the campus sits on the shores of Rushikonda Beach. It accommodates over 6000 students and boasts 6 auditoriums, along with 5 hostels for boys and 3 for girls. Hyderabad Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management Hyderabad Campus (GITAM Hyderabad Campus) is located in Hyderabad, Telangana. The campus admitted its first batch of students in 2009. It ha ...
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University Of Education
The University of Education () (initials: UE), is a public research university whose main campus is located in a residential area of Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. It is a multi–campus university whose institutions and campuses are located in different metropolitan cities of Punjab province of Pakistan. Established in 2002, it offers undergraduate, post-graduate and doctoral A doctorate (from Latin ''doctor'', meaning "teacher") or doctoral degree is a postgraduate academic degree awarded by universities and some other educational institutions, derived from the ancient formalism '' licentia docendi'' ("licence to teach ... programmes in various academic disciplines including arts and science. Approximately 13,000 students attend the university. It was ranked as one of the top institutions of higher learning in Pakistan by Higher Education Commission (HEC) in 2010. Campuses Lower Mall Campus The university of Education Lower Mall Campus, Lahore came into existence in 19 ...
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Riphah International University
Riphah International University () is a private university in Pakistan, chartered by the Federal Government of Pakistan in 2002. It is sponsored by the not-for-profit Islamic International Medical College Trust (IIMCT). The first project of the IIMCT was the Islamic International Medical College in Rawalpindi, established in 1996 by its founding managing trustee, Zulfiqar Ali Khan. The university has 14 constituent units and an overseas project, the RAK College of Dental Sciences, in the United Arab Emirates. The university is also working towards the establishment of a campus in Mauritius. Governance The president of Pakistan is the patron of the university. Zulfiqar Ali Khan was the founding chancellor and Hassan Muhammad Khan is the pro-chancellor of the university. Educationist Anis Ahmad is the founding vice-chancellor of the university. The board of governors and the academic council are the highest policy-making bodies of the university. The vice-chancellor is the chie ...
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Annamalai University
The Annamalai University (AU) is a public state university in Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India. The sprawling campus offers courses of higher education in arts, science, engineering, management, humanities, agriculture, and physical education. With over 32,480 students residing on campus, it is one of the largest teaching, and residential universities in Asia, and is among the most reputed and ranked universities in India including the rankings from NIRF, QS World University Rankings, Times University Rankings, CWTS Leiden Ranking, India Today Magazine, India Today MDRA, AISHE, ARIIA, SCImago Institutions Rankings. The National Assessment and Accreditation Council has conferred accreditation to the university in the fourth cycle, and subsequently with its highest A+ grade in 2022. Annamalai University is also recognized among the top 18 universities in India having the 'Centre with Potential for Excellence in Particular Area (CPEPA)' with a focus on drug development and cli ...
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Zhongnan University Of Economics And Law
The Zhongnan University of Economics and Law (ZUEL; ; ) is a public university located in Wuhan, Hubei, China. It is affiliated with the Ministry of Education, and co-funded by Ministry of Education, Ministry of Finance, and Hubei Provincial People's Government. The university is part of the Double First-Class Construction and Project 211. ZUEL was established in 2000 with the merge of the then Central South University of Finance and Economics () and then Central South Political Science and Law College (). Its root could be traced to 1948 when then Zhongyuan University () was founded in the Province of Henan and later moved to Wuhan. History The Zhongnan University of Economics and Law was founded in 1948 as Zhongyuan University, whose financial department later merged with the economic and financial departments from Wuhan University, Sun Yat-sen University, etc. To form the Central South Institute of Finance (later it became the Central South University of Finance and ...
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