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Renard R.34
__NOTOC__ The Renard R.34 was a 1930s Belgian two-seat biplane trainer designed by Alfred Renard and built by Societé Anonyme des Avions et Moteurs Renard. Design and development The R.34 was built for a Belgian military competition in October 1933 for an aerobatic and general-purpose biplane. The R.34 was a biplane that first flew on 21 July 1934 powered by a Renard 200 radial engine. It was also fitted with a Armstrong Siddeley Lynx The Armstrong Siddeley Lynx is a British seven-cylinder aero engine developed by Armstrong Siddeley. Testing began in 1920 and 6,000 had been produced by 1939. In Italy Alfa Romeo built a licensed version of this engine named the Alfa Romeo ... engine fitted with a Townend ring. The competition was won by the Avro Tutor and, although the R.24 was later flown in a number of military configurations, it did not enter production. Specifications (with Renard 200) Notes Bibliography * * {{Renard aircraft R.35 1930s Belgian mili ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trainer (aircraft)
A trainer is a class of aircraft designed specifically to facilitate flight training of pilots and aircrews. The use of a dedicated trainer aircraft with additional safety features—such as tandem flight controls, forgiving flight characteristics and a simplified cockpit arrangement—allows pilots-in-training to safely advance their skills in a more forgiving aircraft. Civilian pilots are normally trained in a light aircraft, with two or more seats to allow for a student and instructor. Tandem and side by side The two seating configurations for trainer aircraft are: pilot and instructor side by side, or in tandem, usually with the pilot in front and the instructor behind. The side-by-side seating configuration has the advantage that pilot and instructor can see each other's actions, allowing the pilot to learn from the instructor and the instructor to correct the student pilot. The tandem configuration has the advantage of being closer to the normal working environment that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Townend Ring
A Townend ring is a narrow- chord cowling ring fitted around the cylinders of an aircraft radial engine to reduce drag and improve cooling. Development The Townend ring was the invention of Dr. Hubert Townend of the British National Physical Laboratory in 1929. Patents were supported by Boulton & Paul Ltd in 1929. In the United States it was often called a "drag ring". It caused a reduction in the drag of radial engines and was widely used in high-speed designs of 1930–1935, before the long-chord NACA cowling came into general use. Despite suggestions of it exploiting the Meredith effect, low airspeeds, low temperature differences and small mass flows make that unlikely, particularly when combined with the lack of flow control as the air exits the cowling.Becker, J.; ''The high-speed frontier: Case histories of four NACA programs, 1920–1950'', SP-445, NASA (1980)Chapter 5: High-speed Cowlings, Air Inlets and Outlets, and Internal-Flow Systems: The ramjet investigati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biplanes
A biplane is a fixed-wing aircraft with two main wings stacked one above the other. The first powered, controlled aeroplane to fly, the Wright Flyer, used a biplane wing arrangement, as did many aircraft in the early years of aviation. While a biplane wing structure has a structural advantage over a monoplane, it produces more drag than a monoplane wing. Improved structural techniques, better materials and higher speeds made the biplane configuration obsolete for most purposes by the late 1930s. Biplanes offer several advantages over conventional cantilever monoplane designs: they permit lighter wing structures, low wing loading and smaller span for a given wing area. However, interference between the airflow over each wing increases drag substantially, and biplanes generally need extensive bracing, which causes additional drag. Biplanes are distinguished from tandem wing arrangements, where the wings are placed forward and aft, instead of above and below. The term is also o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aerobatic Aircraft
An aerobatic aircraft is an aerodyne (a heavier-than-air aircraft) used in aerobatics, both for flight exhibitions and aerobatic competitions. Most fall into one of two categories, aircraft used for training and by flight demonstration teams, which are often standard trainers or fighters, and aircraft especially designed for aerobatics, usually at the expense of other attributes, such as stability, carrying passengers or endurance. Dates are of first flight. Powered aircraft Australia * AESL Airtourer, Victa/AESL Airtourer (1959) Belgium * Renard R.34 (1934) * Stampe SV.4 (1933) * Tipsy Nipper (Homebuilt - 1957) Brazil * Embraer EMB 312 Tucano (operated by the Smoke Squadron, ''Esquadrilha da Fumaça'') (1980) * Embraer EMB 314 Super Tucano (operated by the Smoke Squadron, ''Esquadrilha da Fumaça'') (2012) * Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnologicas IPT-16 Surubim (1959) * Neiva Universal (operated by the Smoke Squadron, ''Esquadrilha da Fumaça'') (1966) * ACS-100 Sora (2008) * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1930s Belgian Military Trainer Aircraft
Year 193 ( CXCIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Sosius and Ericius (or, less frequently, year 946 '' Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 193 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * January 1 – Year of the Five Emperors: The Roman Senate chooses Publius Helvius Pertinax, against his will, to succeed the late Commodus as Emperor. Pertinax is forced to reorganize the handling of finances, which were wrecked under Commodus, to reestablish discipline in the Roman army, and to suspend the food programs established by Trajan, provoking the ire of the Praetorian Guard. * March 28 – Pertinax is assassinated by members of the Praetorian Guard, who storm the imperial palace. The Empire is auctioned o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Renard Aircraft
Renard may refer to: Fictional characters and art *Reynard, anthropomorphic fox of European folklore *Renard, or Reynardine, a fox-like character in webcomic ''Gunnerkrigg Court'' * ''Renard'' (Stravinsky), 1916 opera-ballet by Igor Stravinsky premiered by the Ballets Russes with choreography by Bronislava Nijinska *Renard, the Anarchist, villain from the James Bond movie ''The World Is Not Enough'' *Renard IV, the King of Foxville in L. Frank Baum's ''The Road to Oz'', called "King Dox" by Button-Bright * Maria Renard, fictional character in the ''Castlevania'' video game series *Halcyon Renard, character from the cartoon ''Gargoyles'' *Sean Renard, character from the television series ''Grimm'' *"Le Renard Subtil", Magua in ''The Last of the Mohicans'' *Renard Queenston, an alias under Lapfox Trax that produces raggacore People * Renard (surname), including a list of people with the name * Alan II, Duke of Brittany (died 952), known as ''Le Renard'' * Renard Cox (born 1978), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Illustrated Encyclopedia Of Aircraft
The ''Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft'' was a weekly partwork magazine by Aerospace Publishing (an imprint of Orbis Publishing) which was published in the United Kingdom (and sold in other countries too) during the early 1980s. The magazine was intended to eventually make up a multi-volume encyclopedia dedicated to aviation. First issued in 1981, the partwork comprised 216 issues, each of twenty pages (plus the covers), making up eighteen volumes (4280 pages). The first two issues were sold together for the price of one, subsequent issues were sold on their own. Empty binders for each volume (of twelve issues) were also sold. These binders were dark blue in colour and contained the imprint of a Panavia Tornado on the front. They held the issues using a metal strip that was threaded through the staples of each issue to hold them in place. Each issue consisted of four separate sections. The final two parts (215 and 216), issued in 1985, comprised the index for the encyclopedi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avro Tutor
The Avro Type 621 Tutor is a two-seat British radial-engined biplane from the interwar period. It was a simple but rugged basic trainer (aircraft), trainer that was used by the Royal Air Force as well as many other air arms worldwide. Design and development The Avro Model 621 was designed by Roy Chadwick as an Avro private venture metal replacement for the Avro 504. Conceived as a light initial pilot trainer, the biplane design featured heavily staggered equal-span, single-bay wings; the construction was based on steel tubing (with some wooden components in the wing ribs) with aircraft dope, doped linen covering. A conventional, fixed divided main undercarriage with tailskid was used in all but the latest aircraft, which had a tailwheel. The Model 621 was powered either by a 155 hp (116 kW) Armstrong Siddeley Mongoose or Armstrong Siddeley Lynx IV (180 hp/130 kW) or IVC (240 hp/179 kW) engine; later Lynx-powered models had the engine enclosed in a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armstrong Siddeley Lynx
The Armstrong Siddeley Lynx is a British seven-cylinder aero engine developed by Armstrong Siddeley. Testing began in 1920 and 6,000 had been produced by 1939. In Italy Alfa Romeo built a licensed version of this engine named the Alfa Romeo Lynx. Variants ;Lynx I :1920, . ;Lynx II :1920, . ;Lynx III :1924, . ;Lynx IV :1929, . ;Lynx IVA :1930, . ;Lynx IVC :1929, . ;Lynx IV(G) :1929, Geared propeller drive. ;Lynx IV(MOD) :1929, , reconditioned and modified Lynx IV. ;Lynx IV(S) :1928, , fully supercharged. ;Lynx V (Lynx Major) :1930, increased bore and stroke, name changed from Lynx V to Lynx Major then Cheetah. Effectively half a Panther ;Piaggio P.II: Licence production in Italy by Piaggio. Applications * Airspeed Courier * Airspeed Envoy *Albatros L 68 *Avro 504 *Avro 618 Ten * Avro Avocet * Avro 641 Commodore *Avro 626 * Avro 642/4m Eighteen * Avro Sea Tutor *Avro Tutor *BAT Bantam * Blackburn Lincock *Boulton Paul Bittern *Canadian Vickers Vanessa *Canadian Vickers Var ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biplane
A biplane is a fixed-wing aircraft with two main wings stacked one above the other. The first powered, controlled aeroplane to fly, the Wright Flyer, used a biplane wing arrangement, as did many aircraft in the early years of aviation. While a biplane wing structure has a structural advantage over a monoplane, it produces more drag than a monoplane wing. Improved structural techniques, better materials and higher speeds made the biplane configuration obsolete for most purposes by the late 1930s. Biplanes offer several advantages over conventional cantilever monoplane designs: they permit lighter wing structures, low wing loading and smaller span for a given wing area. However, interference between the airflow over each wing increases drag substantially, and biplanes generally need extensive bracing, which causes additional drag. Biplanes are distinguished from tandem wing arrangements, where the wings are placed forward and aft, instead of above and below. The term is also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radial Engine
The radial engine is a reciprocating type internal combustion engine configuration in which the cylinders "radiate" outward from a central crankcase like the spokes of a wheel. It resembles a stylized star when viewed from the front, and is called a "star engine" in some other languages. The radial configuration was commonly used for aircraft engines before gas turbine engines became predominant. Engine operation Since the axes of the cylinders are coplanar, the connecting rods cannot all be directly attached to the crankshaft unless mechanically complex forked connecting rods are used, none of which have been successful. Instead, the pistons are connected to the crankshaft with a master-and-articulating-rod assembly. One piston, the uppermost one in the animation, has a master rod with a direct attachment to the crankshaft. The remaining pistons pin their connecting rods' attachments to rings around the edge of the master rod. Extra "rows" of radial cylinders can be added i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Renard 200
Renard may refer to: Fictional characters and art * Reynard, anthropomorphic fox of European folklore *Renard, or Reynardine, a fox-like character in webcomic ''Gunnerkrigg Court'' * ''Renard'' (Stravinsky), 1916 opera-ballet by Igor Stravinsky premiered by the Ballets Russes with choreography by Bronislava Nijinska *Renard, the Anarchist, villain from the James Bond movie '' The World Is Not Enough'' *Renard IV, the King of Foxville in L. Frank Baum's '' The Road to Oz'', called "King Dox" by Button-Bright *Maria Renard, fictional character in the ''Castlevania'' video game series *Halcyon Renard, character from the cartoon ''Gargoyles'' *Sean Renard, character from the television series '' Grimm'' *"Le Renard Subtil", Magua in ''The Last of the Mohicans'' *Renard Queenston, an alias under Lapfox Trax that produces raggacore People * Renard (surname), including a list of people with the name * Alan II, Duke of Brittany (died 952), known as ''Le Renard'' * Renard Cox (born 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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