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RelaxNG
In computing, RELAX NG (REgular LAnguage for XML Next Generation) is a schema language for XML—a RELAX NG schema specifies a pattern for the structure and content of an XML document. A RELAX NG schema is itself an XML document but RELAX NG also offers a popular compact, non-XML syntax. Compared to other XML schema languages RELAX NG is considered relatively simple. It was defined by a committee specification of the OASIS RELAX NG technical committee in 2001 and 2002, based on Murata Makoto's RELAX and James Clark's TREX, and also by part two of the international standard ISO/IEC 19757: Document Schema Definition Languages ( DSDL). ISO/IEC 19757-2 was developed by ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 34 and published in its first version in 2003. Comparison with W3C XML Schema Although the RELAX NG specification was developed at roughly the same time as the W3C XML Schema specification, the latter was arguably better known and more widely implemented in both open-source and proprietary XML pars ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ODD (One Document Does It All)
The Text Encoding Initiative (TEI) is a text-centric community of practice in the academic field of digital humanities, operating continuously since the 1980s. The community currently runs a mailing list, meetings and conference series, and maintains the TEI technical standard, a journal, a wiki, a GitHub repository and a toolchain. TEI guidelines The ''TEI Guidelines'' collectively define a type of XML format, and are the defining output of the community of practice. The format differs from other well-known open formats for text (such as HTML and OpenDocument) in that it is primarily semantic rather than presentational: the semantics and interpretation of every tag and attribute are specified. There are some 500 different textual components and concepts: , , , , , etc. Each is grounded in one or more academic disciplines and examples are given. Technical details The standard is split into two parts, a discursive textual description with extended examples and discussion and se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
XML Schema
An XML schema is a description of a type of XML document, typically expressed in terms of constraints on the structure and content of documents of that type, above and beyond the basic syntactical constraints imposed by XML itself. These constraints are generally expressed using some combination of grammatical rules governing the order of elements, Boolean predicates that the content must satisfy, data types governing the content of elements and attributes, and more specialized rules such as uniqueness and referential integrity constraints. There are languages developed specifically to express XML schemas. The document type definition (DTD) language, which is native to the XML specification, is a schema language that is of relatively limited capability, but that also has other uses in XML aside from the expression of schemas. Two more expressive XML schema languages in widespread use are XML Schema (with a capital ''S'') and RELAX NG. The mechanism for associating an XML do ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Text Encoding Initiative
The Text Encoding Initiative (TEI) is a text-centric community of practice in the academic field of digital humanities, operating continuously since the 1980s. The community currently runs a mailing list, meetings and conference series, and maintains the TEI technical standard, a journal, a wiki, a GitHub repository and a toolchain. TEI guidelines The ''TEI Guidelines'' collectively define a type of XML format, and are the defining output of the community of practice. The format differs from other well-known open formats for text (such as HTML and OpenDocument) in that it is primarily semantic rather than presentational: the semantics and interpretation of every tag and attribute are specified. There are some 500 different textual components and concepts: , , , , , etc. Each is grounded in one or more academic disciplines and examples are given. Technical details The standard is split into two parts, a discursive textual description with extended examples and discussion ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Regular Expression
A regular expression (shortened as regex or regexp), sometimes referred to as rational expression, is a sequence of characters that specifies a match pattern in text. Usually such patterns are used by string-searching algorithms for "find" or "find and replace" operations on strings, or for input validation. Regular expression techniques are developed in theoretical computer science and formal language theory. The concept of regular expressions began in the 1950s, when the American mathematician Stephen Cole Kleene formalized the concept of a regular language. They came into common use with Unix text-processing utilities. Different syntaxes for writing regular expressions have existed since the 1980s, one being the POSIX standard and another, widely used, being the Perl syntax. Regular expressions are used in search engines, in search and replace dialogs of word processors and text editors, in text processing utilities such as sed and AWK, and in lexical analysis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Data Modeling Languages
Data ( , ) are a collection of discrete or continuous values that convey information, describing the quantity, quality, fact, statistics, other basic units of meaning, or simply sequences of symbols that may be further interpreted formally. A datum is an individual value in a collection of data. Data are usually organized into structures such as tables that provide additional context and meaning, and may themselves be used as data in larger structures. Data may be used as variables in a computational process. Data may represent abstract ideas or concrete measurements. Data are commonly used in scientific research, economics, and virtually every other form of human organizational activity. Examples of data sets include price indices (such as the consumer price index), unemployment rates, literacy rates, and census data. In this context, data represent the raw facts and figures from which useful information can be extracted. Data are collected using techniques such as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GNU Free Documentation License
The GNU Free Documentation License (GNU FDL or GFDL) is a copyleft license for free documentation, designed by the Free Software Foundation (FSF) for the GNU Project. It is similar to the GNU General Public License, giving readers the rights to copy, redistribute, and modify (except for "invariant sections") a work and requires all copies and derivatives to be available under the same license. Copies may also be sold commercially, but, if produced in larger quantities (greater than 100), the original document or source code must be made available to the work's recipient. The GFDL was designed for manuals, textbooks, other reference and instructional materials, and documentation which often accompanies GNU software. However, it can be used for any text-based work, regardless of subject matter. For example, the free online encyclopedia Wikipedia uses the GFDL (coupled with the Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike License) for much of its text, excluding text that was impo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SXML
SXML is an alternative syntax for writing XML data (more precisely, XML Infosets) as S-expressions, to facilitate working with XML data in Lisp and Scheme. An associated suite of tools implements XPath, SAX and XSLT for SXML in Scheme and are available in the GNU Guile implementation of that language. Textual correspondence between SXML and XML for a sample XML snippet is shown below: Compared to other alternative representations for XML and its associated languages, SXML has the benefit of being directly parsable by existing Scheme implementations. The associated tools and documentation were praised in many respects by David Mertz in his IBM developerWorks column, though he also criticized the preliminary nature of its documentation and system. Example Take the following simple XHTML Extensible HyperText Markup Language (XHTML) is part of the family of XML markup languages which mirrors or extends versions of the widely used HyperText Markup Language (HTML), the lang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schematron
Schematron is a rule-based validation language for making assertions about the presence or absence of patterns in XML trees. It is a structural schema language expressed in XML using a small number of elements and XPath languages. In many implementations, Schematron XML is processed into XSLT code for deployment anywhere that XSLT can be used. Schematron is capable of expressing constraints in ways that other XML schema languages like XML Schema and DTD cannot. For example, it can require that the content of an element be controlled by one of its siblings. Or it can request or require that the root element, regardless of what element that is, must have specific attributes. Schematron can also specify required relationships between multiple XML files. Constraints and content rules may be associated with "plain-English" (or any language) validation error messages, allowing translation of numeric Schematron error codes into meaningful user error messages. Users of Schematron define ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Document Structure Description
Document Structure Description, or DSD, is a schema language for XML, that is, a language for describing valid XML documents. It's an alternative to DTD or the W3C XML Schema. An example of DSD in its simplest form: This says that element named "foo" in the XML namespace "" may have two attributes, named "first" and "second". A "foo" element may not have any character data. It must contain one subelement, named "bar", also in the "http://example.com" namespace. A "bar" element is not allowed any attributes, character data or subelements. One XML document that would be valid according to the above DSD would be: Current Software store Prototype Java Processorfrom BRICS External links DSD home page [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Darwin Information Typing Architecture
The Darwin Information Typing Architecture (DITA) specification defines a set of document types for authoring and organizing topic-oriented information, as well as a set of mechanisms for combining, extending, and constraining document types. It is an open standard that is defined and maintained by the OASIS (organization), OASIS DITA Technical Committee. The name derives from the following components: * Darwin: it uses the principles of specialization and Inheritance (object-oriented programming), inheritance, which is in some ways analogous to the naturalist Charles Darwin's concept of evolutionary adaptation, * Information Typing: which means each topic has a defined primary objective (procedure, glossary entry, troubleshooting information) and structure, * Architecture: DITA is an extensible set of structures. Features and limitations Content reuse Topic-based authoring, Topics are the foundation for content reuse, and can be reused across multiple publications. Fragments of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
