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Regio IX Circus Flaminius
The Regio IX Circus Flaminius is the ninth regio of imperial Rome, under Augustus's administrative reform. Regio IX took its name from the racecourse located in the southern end of the Campus Martius, close to Tiber Island. Geographic extent and important features Regio IX was defined by the presence of the Circus Flaminius, situated on the Campus Martius, whose remains stood well into the Middle Ages. In extent, the region was bordered by the Servian Wall and the Ponte Sant'Angelo to the south, the Tiber River to the east, the Aurelian Walls to the north to the point where the Piazza del Popolo sits, and the Via Lata to the west, meaning is occupied the majority of the Campus Martius. A fire in 80 CE almost completely destroyed this region, but was rebuilt by subsequent emperors. A measurement taken at the end of the 4th century recorded that the perimeter of the region was 32,500 Roman feet (approximately 9.62 km), making it the second largest of the Augustan regions. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theatre Of Balbus
Theatre of Balbus was an ancient Roman structure in the Campus Martius of Rome. It was built in 13 BC by proconsul Lucius Cornelius Balbus (minor), likely from the spoils of a military campaign by order of Augustus (Cassius Dio 54.18.2; Pliny the Elder, Natural History (Pliny) 36.59-60). Very little is mentioned of the theatre in ancient writings. Its location was debated for decades until pieces of the Forma Urbis were finally pieced together in the 1960s. Excavations of the theatre began in 1981 and are still ongoing, however, the main portion of the crypta finished in 2000. Today what has been excavated can be seen at the Museo Nazionale Romano Crypta Balbi (National Museum of Rome), which is located at Via delle Botteghe Oscure, 31, (corner of Via M. Caetani). The museum is located in what was the crypta or courtyard in the rear of the theater's complex behind the stage. This courtyard was the smallest of all of Rome's major theatres. Here patrons would stroll between acts of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arch Of Gratian, Valentinian And Theodosius
The Arch of Gratian, Valentinian and Theodosius (Latin: ''Arcus Gratiani, Valentiniani et Theodosii'') was a triumphal arch built between 379 and 383 AD in Rome. It was situated at the south end of the Pons Aelius, near to the site later occupied by the church of San Celso. It formed as a monumental entrance arch to the bridge. It was built by Gratian, Valentinian II and Theodosius I from their own money. It was mentioned in the Einsiedeln Itinerary, the ''Mirabilia'' and the ''Ordo Benedicti''. It was destroyed before the 14th century and the papacy of Pope Urban V, an era when it was described as destroyed. Some remains were still visible until the 16th century. See also *List of Roman triumphal arches *List of ancient monuments in Rome Bibliography *Samuel Ball Platner and Thomas Ashby, ''A topographical dictionary of Ancient Rome'', Oxford University Press, 1929 *Lawrence Richardson, ''A New Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome'', Johns Hopkins University Press, 1992 {{co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theodosius I
Theodosius I ( grc-gre, Θεοδόσιος ; 11 January 347 – 17 January 395), also called Theodosius the Great, was Roman emperor from 379 to 395. During his reign, he succeeded in a crucial war against the Goths, as well as in two civil wars, and recognized the Catholic orthodoxy of Nicene Christians as the Roman Empire's state religion. Theodosius was the last emperor to rule the entire Roman Empire before its administration was permanently split between two separate courts (one western, the other eastern). Born in Hispania, Theodosius was the son of a high-ranking general, Theodosius the Elder, under whose guidance he rose through the ranks of the Roman Army. Theodosius held independent command in Moesia in 374, where he had some success against the invading Sarmatians. Not long afterwards, he was forced into retirement, and his father was executed under obscure circumstances. Theodosius soon regained his position following a series of intrigues and executions ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valentinian II
Valentinian II ( la, Valentinianus; 37115 May 392) was a Roman emperor in the western part of the Roman empire between AD 375 and 392. He was at first junior co-ruler of his brother, was then sidelined by a usurper, and only after 388 sole ruler, albeit with limited ''de facto'' powers. A son of emperor Valentinian I and empress Justina, he was raised to the imperial office at the age of 4 by military commanders upon his father's death. Until 383, Valentinian II remained a junior partner to his older half-brother Gratian in ruling the Western empire, while the East was governed by his uncle Valens until 378 and Theodosius I from 379. When Gratian was killed by the usurper emperor Magnus Maximus in 383, the court of Valentinian in Milan became the center of Italy where several religious debates took place. In 383, Maximus invaded Italy, spurring Valentinian and his family to escape to Thessalonica where they successfully sought Theodosius' aid. Theodosius defeated Maximus in bat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gratian
Gratian (; la, Gratianus; 18 April 359 – 25 August 383) was emperor of the Western Roman Empire from 367 to 383. The eldest son of Valentinian I, Gratian accompanied his father on several campaigns along the Rhine and Danube frontiers and was raised to the rank of ''Augustus'' in 367. Upon the death of Valentinian in 375, Gratian took over government of the west while his half-brother Valentinian II was also acclaimed emperor in Pannonia. Gratian governed the western provinces of the empire, while his uncle Valens was already the emperor over the east. Gratian subsequently led a campaign across the Rhine, attacked the Lentienses, and forced the tribe to surrender. That same year, the eastern emperor Valens was killed fighting the Goths at the Battle of Adrianople, which led to Gratian elevating Theodosius to replace him in 379. Gratian favoured Nicene Christianity over traditional Roman religion, issuing the Edict of Thessalonica, refusing the office of '' pontifex maximus'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saepta Julia
The Saepta Julia was a building in the Campus Martius of Rome, where citizens gathered to cast votes. The building was conceived by Julius Caesar and dedicated by Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa in 26 BCE. The building replaced an older structure, called the Ovile, built as a place for the ''comitia tributa'' to gather to cast votes.Simon Hornblower and Antony Spawforth (eds.), The Oxford Classical Dictionary (1996) — ; available online for a fee The Saepta Julia can be seen on the ''Forma Urbis Romae'', a map of the city of Rome as it existed in the early 3rd century CE. Part of the original wall of the Saepta Julia can still be seen right next to the Pantheon. History The conception of the Saepta Julia, which also goes by Saepta or Porticus Saeptorum, began during the reign of Julius Caesar. It took the form of a quadriporticus, an architectural feature made popular by Caesar. After Caesar's assassination in 44 BCE, work continued on projects that Caesar had set into motion. Mar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Porticus Argonautarum
The Porticus Argonautarum (portico of the Argonauts; it, Portico degli Argonauti) (also known as the Portico of Agrippa) was an ancient structure in Rome. The building was located in the Saepta Julia, a large square in the Campus Martius used for public comitium, ''comitia'' (assemblies). The square, a large free space surrounded by porticoes, was finished by Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, admiral and friend of emperor Augustus, in 27 BC. The portico of the Argonauts was added in 25 BC, to commemorate Agrippa's naval victories in 31 BC: it took its name from its decorations, which depicted the mythological expedition of Jason. Studies of the ''Forma Urbis'' (an ancient detailed plan of Rome) have located the portico in what is now Via della Minerva, near the basilica of Santa Maria sopra Minerva. A brickwork wall preserved along the eastern side of the Pantheon, Rome, Pantheon has been assigned to the Porticus Argonautarum. Notes External linksPage at ciceronline 27 BC Build ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cura Annonae
Cura Annonae ("care of Annona") was the term used in ancient Rome, in honour of their goddess Annona, to describe the import and distribution of grain to the residents of the cities of Rome and, after its foundation, Constantinople. The city of Rome imported all the grain consumed by its population, estimated to number 1,000,000 by the 2nd century AD. An important part of this was the grain dole or corn dole, a government program which gave out free or subsidized grain, and later bread, to about 200,000 of Rome's adult male citizens. The corn-dole was originally an emergency measure to help feed a growing number of indebted and dispossessed citizen-farmers. By the end of the Republic, it had become a permanent institution. A regular and predictable supply of grain and the grain dole were part of the Roman leadership's strategy of maintaining civil obedience among a potentially restive urban population by providing them with what the poet Juvenal sarcastically called "bread and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Largo Di Torre Argentina
Largo di Torre Argentina is a square in Rome, Italy, with four Roman Republican temples and the remains of Pompey's Theatre. It is in the ancient Campus Martius. The name of the square comes from the ''Torre Argentina'', which takes its name from the city of Strasbourg whose Latin name was ''Argentoratum''. In 1503, the Papal Master of Ceremonies Johannes Burckardt, who came from Strasbourg and was known as "Argentinus", built in ''via del Sudario'' a palace (now at number 44), called ''Casa del Burcardo'', to which the tower is annexed. Julius Caesar was assassinated in the Curia of Pompey, and the spot where he is believed to have been assassinated is in the square. After Italian unification, it was decided to reconstruct part of Rome (1909), demolishing the zone of Torre Argentina. However, during the demolition work in 1927, the colossal head and arms of a marble statue were discovered. The archaeological investigation brought to light the presence of a ''holy area'', dati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Portico Of Octavia
The Porticus Octaviae (Portico of Octavia; it, Portico di Ottavia) is an ancient structure in Rome. The colonnaded walks of the portico enclosed the temples of Jupiter Stator and Juno Regina, as well as a library. The structure was used as a fish market from the medieval period up to the end of 19th century. History The structure was built by Augustus in the name of his sister, Octavia Minor, sometime after 27 BC, in place of the Porticus Metelli. The colonnaded walks of the portico enclosed the temples of Jupiter Stator and Juno Regina, next to the Theater of Marcellus. It burned in 80 AD and was restored, probably by Domitian, and again after a second fire in 203 AD by Septimius Severus and Caracalla. It was adorned with foreign marble and contained many famous works of art, enumerated in Pliny's '' Natural History''. The structure was damaged by an earthquake in 442 AD, when two of the destroyed columns were replaced with an archway which still stands. A church was bui ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Temple Of Hercules Musarum
The Temple of Hercules Musarum (Latin: ''Aedes Herculis Musarum'') was a temple dedicated to Hercules in ancient Rome, near the Circus Flaminius. The temple was built by Marcus Fulvius Nobilior, who conquered the Greek city of Ambracia in 189 BC. It was probably completed and dedicated during his triumph in 187 BC. The epithet 'Musarum' means 'of the Muses' and refers to Nobilior's discovery that Hercules was known in Greece as 'Musagetes' or 'leader of the Muses'. The temple contained copies of the fasti and statues taken from Ambracia, including statues of the Muses. The Portico of Metellus was later built near the temple. In 29 BC, Lucius Marcius Philippus restored the temple and built a portico around it, later known as the ''Porticus Philippi'' or Portico of Philippus. Part of the temple's floorplan is known from a fragment (number 33) of the 3rd century Forma Urbis Romae The ''Forma Urbis Romae'' or Severan Marble Plan is a massive marble map of ancient Rome, created ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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