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Redesdale
Redesdale is a valley in western Northumberland, England. It is formed by the River Rede, which rises in the Cheviots and flows down to join the North Tyne at Redesmouth. Redesdale is traversed by the A68 trunk road, which enters Scotland via Carter Bar at the head of the valley. Redesdale contains the settlements of Elsdon, Otterburn, Rochester, and Byrness. Otterburn is the site of a British Army installation, Otterburn Training Area. A portion of Redesdale to the west and north of Otterburn forms part of Northumberland National Park and includes the Redesdale Forest, the northernmost part of Kielder Forest. History This valley has historically served as an important route into Scotland, and has seen conflict since the time of the Roman Empire. After the Norman Conquest of 1066, the Norman noble family Umfraville gained lands in the area and were the first ''Lords of Redesdale''. In 1388, Otterburn was the site of a historic battle between armies from the kingdoms of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baron Redesdale
Baron Redesdale, of Redesdale in the County of Northumberland, is a title that has been created twice, both times in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was firstly created in 1802 for lawyer and politician Sir John Mitford (later Freeman-Mitford). He was Speaker of the House of Commons between 1801 and 1802 and Lord Chancellor of Ireland between 1802 and 1806. His only son, the second Baron, served as Chairman of Committees in the House of Lords from 1851 to 1886. In 1877, he was created Earl of Redesdale, in the County of Northumberland, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. Lord Redesdale never married, and on his death in 1886 both titles became extinct. The Earl bequeathed his substantial estates to his first cousin twice removed, the diplomat, politician and writer Sir Algernon Freeman-Mitford, the great-grandson of historian William Mitford, who was the elder brother of the first Baron Redesdale. The Redesdale title was revived when Algernon Freeman-Mitford was raise ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raid Of The Redeswire
The Raid of the Redeswire, also known as the Redeswire Fray, was a border skirmish between England and Scotland on 7 July 1575 which took place at Carter Bar, the Cheviot pass which enters Redesdale. The skirmish was between (on the English side) the English Warden of the Middle Marches, Sir John Forster, with Sir George Heron, Keeper of Redesdale, Keeper of Liddesdale and Scottish Warden and (on the Scottish side) Sir John Carmichael, the Lord Warden of the Marches, with George Douglas of Bonjedworth. It was the last battle between the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland. Opposing forces After the Scottish defeat at Pinkie in 1547, no Anglo-Scottish battle had occurred until this. Sir John Carmichael met Sir John Forster at a hill called Red Swire ("Redeswire" in Scottish English) in Carter Bar for a regularly scheduled "Truce Day" wherein the two discussed matters that came up between their two regions. Both men were accompanied by a number of armed guards. Batt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rochester, Northumberland
Rochester is a small village and civil parish in north Northumberland, England. It is north-west of Otterburn on the A68 road between Corbridge and Jedburgh. The village is the site of the Roman fort of Bremenium, built there to protect the important Roman road of Dere Street, which passes through the village. The civil parish extends north west of the village to the Scottish border. It includes the settlements of Byrness, Horsley, Ramshope and Cottonshopeburnfoot, and the now closed Redesdale Camp, an army base in the Otterburn Training Area. In the 2001 census (when Redesdale Camp was open) the parish had a population of 358, reducing to 344 at the 2011 Census. Climate Rochester has an oceanic climate (Köppen: ''Cfb''). Governance Rochester is in the parliamentary constituency of Hexham. Rochester was formerly a township in Elsdon parish, in 1866 Rochester became a civil parish in its own right, on 25 March 1886 Rochester was merged with Ramshope to form Roches ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carter Bar
__NOTOC__ Carter Bar is a pass in the Cheviot Hills, on the Anglo-Scottish border. It lies east of Carter Fell at the head of Redesdale, and is crossed by the A68 road as it runs north towards Teviotdale. The name "Carter Bar" is relatively modern, and refers to a toll-gate that once stood here. Historically, Carter Bar was known as the Redeswire, from the Scots word ''swire'' meaning "col" or "pass". The Redeswire Fray, fought here in 1575, was the last significant battle between England and Scotland. History Carter Bar was the location of the "truce days", at which the wardens of the English and Scottish marches would meet to dispense cross-border justice. Truce days were also held at Carlisle and Berwick-upon-Tweed. In 1575, Carter Bar was the scene of the Raid of the Redeswire, one of the last large-scale battles between the English and the Scots. In the 19th century a toll road was constructed from Carter Bar to the market town of Hawick, necessitating the building of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Byrness
Byrness is a village within Rochester, Northumberland, Rochester civil parish in Northumberland, England. It is approximately north-west of Newcastle upon Tyne on the A68 road, A68, and is the last village in England before the A68 climbs the Cheviot Hills to cross Carter Bar into Scotland. Byrness's village church features a stained-glass window commemorating the workers who died during the building of Catcleugh Reservoir nearby. Much of the village was built by the Forestry Commission to house workers for the extensive forests that surround it. Situated on the Pennine Way, Byrness has an inn (Forest View), campsite and other accommodation offering rest and sustenance for weary walkers. History In the 17th century Byrness was located in the shieling grounds of the upper Rede valley and there is little or no evidence of permanent post-medieval habitation. By the latter part of the 18th century, John Hodgson (antiquary), Hodgson reported that there was a burial ground in the are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elsdon, Northumberland
Elsdon is a village and civil parish in the English county of Northumberland about to the southwest of Rothbury. The name is derived from the Old English meaning ''Elli's valley''. Formerly the capital of Redesdale, Elsdon contains a very fine example of a Motte and Bailey Castle, and a near perfect Pele Tower (fortified house of a type found in the border country) which is a private residence. Geographically, Elsdon lies in Redesdale and, as a market town, was once the primary settlement in the area. History Elsdon has a grim reminder of the past in the gibbet that rears its gaunt outline on the hill known as Steng Cross. Strangely enough this gallows has no connection with the Border raiders, many of whom met their death "high on the gallows tree". The present gibbet stands on the site of one from which the body of William Winter was suspended in chains after he had been hanged at The Westgate in Newcastle. Today this grisly relic is called Winter's Gibbet. Pieces of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Umfraville
The Umfraville family were Anglo-Norman landowners, administrators and soldiers who were prominent from about 1120 to 1437 on the northern border of England, where they held the strategic lordships of Prudhoe and Redesdale in Northumberland. They held, for the English Crown, Tynedale to the Cumbrian Border up to the border with Scotland. It was in Scotland where the Umfravilles reached the pinnacle of their power. As a prominent border landowning family, it is likely that they were invited, along with dozens of other Anglo-Norman knights, administrators, and warlords to settle in Scotland by David I of Scotland as part of his policy of modernising Scotland by introducing feudalism, now known as the Davidian Revolution by historians. The Umfravilles, who were granted lands in Stirlingshire, were by the third generation established as members of Court and for three generations became Mormaer of Angus through marriage into the Scots-Gaelic aristocracy. The split loyalties between t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anglo-Scottish Border
The Anglo-Scottish border () is a border separating Scotland and England which runs for 96 miles (154 km) between Marshall Meadows Bay on the east coast and the Solway Firth in the west. The surrounding area is sometimes referred to as "the Borderlands". The Firth of Forth was the border between the Picts, Picto-Gaels, Gaelic Kingdom of Alba and the Angles, Anglian Kingdom of Northumbria in the early 10th century. It became the first Anglo-Scottish border with the History of Anglo-Saxon England#English unification (10th century), annexation of Northumbria by Anglo-Saxon England in the mid-10th century. In 973, Kenneth II of Scotland, Kenneth, King of Scots attended the English king, Edgar the Peaceful, at King Edgar's council at Chester, his council in Chester. After Kenneth had reportedly done homage, Edgar rewarded Kenneth by granting him Lothian. Despite this transaction, the control of Lothian#Lothian under the control of the Angles, Lothian was not finally settle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Border Reivers
Border reivers were Cattle raiding, raiders along the Anglo-Scottish border from the late 13th century to the beginning of the 17th century. They included both Scotland, Scottish and England, English people, and they raided the entire border country without regard to their victims' nationality. Their heyday was in the last hundred years of their existence, during the time of the House of Stuart in the Kingdom of Scotland and the House of Tudor in the Kingdom of England. Background Scotland and England were frequently at war during the late Middle Ages. During these wars, the livelihood of the people on the Borders was devastated by the contending armies. Even when the countries were not formally at war, tension remained high, and royal authority in either or both kingdoms was often weak, particularly in remote locations. The difficulty and uncertainties of basic human survival meant that communities and/or people kindred to each other would seek security through group streng ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
River Rede
The Rede is a river in Northumberland, England. The river rises on Carter Fell on the Anglo-Scottish border feeding Catcleugh Reservoir and joins the River North Tyne below the village of Redesmouth. The Rede is one of only two rivers in the North East of England that has the freshwater pearl mussel in its waters. Course and toponymy The source of the river is on Carter Fell, part of the Whitelee National Nature Reserve. It flows in a south-easterly direction and is the main feeder for the Catcleugh Reservoir which was impounded in 1901 and completed in 1905. It flows south east through Redesdale alongside the A68 road before meeting with the Otter Burn in Otterburn and heading south, before turning west at East and West Woodburn. It then heads south through Redesmouth before emptying into the River North Tyne. The name of the river derives from the Old English ''Rēade'', meaning ''the red one''. The river lends its name to Redesmouth, the point where the mouth is. Catch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kielder Forest
Kielder Forest is a large forestry plantation in Northumberland, England, surrounding Kielder village and the Kielder Water reservoir. It is the largest man-made woodland in England with three-quarters of its covered by forest. The majority of the forest lies within Kielder Water and Forest Park, with the southern tip known as Wark Forest lying within Northumberland National Park. The forest is next to the England - Scotland border. History The forest is owned and managed by Forestry England, which initiated the first plantings in the 1920s. During the 1930s, the Ministry of Labour supplied men from among the ranks of the unemployed. Many came from the mining communities and shipyards of North East England. They were housed in one of a number of instructional centres created by the Ministry, most of them on Forestry England property; by 1938, the Ministry had 38 Instructional Centres across Britain. The hutted camp in Kielder is now under Kielder Water. Numerous purpose-b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otterburn, Northumberland
Otterburn is a small village in Northumberland, England, northwest of Newcastle upon Tyne on the banks of the River Rede, near the confluence of the Otter Burn, from which the village derives its name. It lies within the Cheviot Hills about from the Scottish border. The parish of Otterburn is at the heart of Redesdale, a Northumbrian upland valley. History The name simply means otter stream, a stream frequented by otters (Old English + ). Otterburn was the site of a major battle in 1388 between English and Scottish armies. The engagement, in which the Scots took Sir Henry Percy captive, is the subject of the English '' Ballad of Chevy Chase'' and the Scots ballad ''Otterburn''. The battle of Otterburn ended in an English rout. Despite James Douglas, 2nd Earl of Douglas being killed, Percy was captured and over a thousand of the English were taken, left dead on the field or slain as they fled. The dead were carried to Elsdon church, from Otterburn, where they were burie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
