|
Rast (maqam)
Rast Panjgah (or Rast; fa, راست پنج گاه) is the name of a ''dastgah'' (musical mode) in Iranian music and of a '' maqam'' in Arabic and related systems of music. ''Rast'' () is a Persian word meaning "right" or "direct". Rast is regarded as the basic ''dastgah'' in Iranian music and later on was adopted in Arabic and Turkish makam music, in the same way as the major scale in Western music, though it is rather different from the major scale in detail. ''Rast'' features a half-flat third and a half-flat seventh scale degree In music theory, the scale degree is the position of a particular note on a scale relative to the tonic, the first and main note of the scale from which each octave is assumed to begin. Degrees are useful for indicating the size of intervals a ...s. Middle eastern Sephardic Jews liken the word ''rast'' to "head" from the Hebrew word ''rosh''. Therefore, they have a tradition of applying maqam rast to the prayers whenever they begin a new Tora ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arabic Maqam Jins Rast
Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C. E.Watson; Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin/Boston, 2011. Having emerged in the 1st century, it is named after the Arab people; the term "Arab" was initially used to describe those living in the Arabian Peninsula, as perceived by geographers from ancient Greece. Since the 7th century, Arabic has been characterized by diglossia, with an opposition between a standard prestige language—i.e., Literary Arabic: Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) or Classical Arabic—and diverse vernacular varieties, which serve as mother tongues. Colloquial dialects vary significantly from MSA, impeding mutual intelligibility. MSA is only acquired through formal education and is not spoken natively. It is the language of literature, official documents, and formal written medi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rast Scale
Rast or RAST may refer to: People * Brian Rast (born 1981), American poker player * Cam Rast (born 1970), American soccer player * Camille Rast (born 1999), Swiss alpine skier * Diana Rast (born 1970), Swiss racing cyclist * Grégory Rast (born 1980), Swiss racing cyclist * Holt Rast (1917–1988), American football player * René Rast (born 1986), German racing driver * Rast, Prince (died 1531), Kazan prince Places * Rast, Nevesinje, Bosnia and Herzegovina * Rast, Iran * Rast, Dolj, Romania * Rast (Novi Pazar), Serbia Acronyms * Radioallergosorbent test * Radio Amateur Society of Thailand * RAST system (Recovery Assist, Secure and Traverse), US Navy version of a device used for naval helicopter landings * Royal Agricultural Society of Tasmania Other uses * Rast (character), a character in the ''A Song of Ice and Fire'' novels * Rast (maqam), a dastgāh (mode) in Persian music * Rast (mode), a musical modal system in traditional mugham music * Rast, an old Scandinav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dastgah
Dastgāh ( fa, دستگاه) is the standard musical system in Persian art music, standardised in the 19th century following the transition of Persian music from the Maqam modal system. A consists of a collection of musical melodies, . In a song played in a given , a musician starts with an introductory , and then meanders through various different , evoking different moods. Many in a given are related to an equivalent musical mode in Western music. For example, most in Dastgāh-e Māhur correspond to the Ionian mode in the Major scale, whilst most in Dastgāh-e Šur correspond to the Phrygian mode. In spite of 50 or more extant , 12 are most commonly played, with Dastgāh-e Šur and Dastgāh-e Māhur being referred to as the mother of all . Summary Each consists of seven basic notes, plus several variable notes used for ornamentation and modulation. Each is a certain modal variety subject to a course of development () that is determined by the pre-established order of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iranian Music
The music of Iran encompasses music that is produced by Iranian artists. In addition to the traditional folk and classical genres, it also includes pop and internationally celebrated styles such as jazz, rock, and hip hop. Iranian music influenced other cultures in West Asia, building up much of the musical terminology of the neighboring Turkic and Arabic cultures, and reached India through the 16th-century Persianate Mughal Empire, whose court promoted new musical forms by bringing Iranian musicians. History Earliest records Music in Iran, as evidenced by the "pre-Iranian" archaeological records of Elam, the oldest civilization in southwestern Iran, dates back thousands of years. Iran is the birthplace of the earliest complex instruments, which date back to the third millennium BC. A number of trumpets made of silver, gold, and copper were found in eastern Iran that are attributed to the Oxus civilization and date back between 2200 and 1750 BC. The use of both vertical and h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arabic Maqam
Arabic maqam ( ar, مقام, maqām, literally "rank"; ') is the system of melodic modes used in traditional Arabic music, which is mainly melodic. The word ''maqam'' in Arabic means place, location or position. The Arabic ''maqam'' is a melody type. It is "a technique of improvisation" that defines the pitches, patterns, and development of a piece of music and is "unique to Arabian art music". There are 72 heptatonic tone rows or scales of maqamat. These are constructed from major, neutral, and minor seconds. Each ''maqam'' is built on a scale, and carries a tradition that defines its habitual phrases, important notes, melodic development and modulation. Both compositions and improvisations in traditional Arabic music are based on the ''maqam'' system. ''Maqamat'' can be realized with either vocal or instrumental music, and do not include a rhythmic component. An essential factor in performance is that each maqam describes the "tonal-spatial factor" or set of musical n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arabic Music
Arabic music or Arab music ( ar, الموسيقى العربية, al-mūsīqā al-ʿArabīyyah) is the music of the Arab world with all its diverse music styles and genres. Arabic countries have many rich and varied styles of music and also many linguistic dialects, with each country and region having their own traditional music. Arabic music has a long history of interaction with many other regional musical styles and genres. It represents the music of all the peoples that make up the Arab world today, all the 22 states. History Pre-Islamic period (Arabian Peninsula) Pre-Islamic Arabia was the cradle of many intellectual achievements, including music, musical theory and the development of musical instruments. In Yemen, the main center of pre-Islamic Arab sciences, literature and arts, musicians benefited from the patronage of the Kings of Sabaʾ who encouraged the development of music. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turkish Makam Music
The Turkish makam ( Turkish: ''makam'' pl. ''makamlar''; from the Arabic word ) is a system of melody types used in Turkish classical music and Turkish folk music. It provides a complex set of rules for composing and performance. Each makam specifies a unique intervalic structure (''cinsler'' meaning genera) and melodic development (''seyir''). Whether a fixed composition (''beste'', ''şarkı'', ''peşrev'', ''âyin'', etc.) or a spontaneous composition (''gazel'', ''taksim'', recitation of ''Kuran-ı Kerim'', ''Mevlid'', etc.), all attempt to follow the melody type. The rhythmic counterpart of makam in Turkish music is usul. Comparison in use in Turkish classical to folk music Turkish Classical Music and Turkish Folk Music are both based on modal systems. Makam is the name of the scale in classical music, while Ayak is the name of the scale in folk music. Makam and Ayak are similar; following are some examples: Yahyalı Kerem Ayağı : Hüseyni Makamı Garip Ayağı : Hicaz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Major Scale
The major scale (or Ionian mode) is one of the most commonly used musical scales, especially in Western music. It is one of the diatonic scales. Like many musical scales, it is made up of seven notes: the eighth duplicates the first at double its frequency so that it is called a higher octave of the same note (from Latin "octavus", the eighth). The simplest major scale to write is C major, the only major scale not requiring sharps or flats: The major scale had a central importance in Western music, particularly in the common practice period and in popular music. In Carnatic music, it is known as '' Sankarabharanam''. In Hindustani classical music, it is known as '' Bilaval''. Structure A major scale is a diatonic scale. The sequence of intervals between the notes of a major scale is: : whole, whole, half, whole, whole, whole, half where "whole" stands for a whole tone (a red u-shaped curve in the figure), and "half" stands for a semitone (a red angled line in the figu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quarter Tone
A quarter tone is a pitch halfway between the usual notes of a chromatic scale or an interval about half as wide (aurally, or logarithmically) as a semitone, which itself is half a whole tone. Quarter tones divide the octave by 50 cents each, and have 24 different pitches. Quarter tone has its roots in the music of the Middle East and more specifically in Persian traditional music. However, the first evidenced proposal of quarter tones, or the quarter-tone scale (24 equal temperament), was made by 19th-century music theorists Heinrich Richter in 1823Julian Rushton, "Quarter-Tone", ''The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians'', second edition, edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell (London: Macmillan, 2001). and Mikhail Mishaqa about 1840. Composers who have written music using this scale include: Pierre Boulez, Julián Carrillo, Mildred Couper, George Enescu, Alberto Ginastera, Gérard Grisey, Alois Hába, Ljubica Marić, Charles Ives, Tristan Murail, Krzysztof Pendere ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scale Degree
In music theory, the scale degree is the position of a particular note on a scale relative to the tonic, the first and main note of the scale from which each octave is assumed to begin. Degrees are useful for indicating the size of intervals and chords and whether an interval is major or minor. In the most general sense, the scale degree is the number given to each step of the scale, usually starting with 1 for tonic. Defining it like this implies that a tonic is specified. For instance, the 7-tone diatonic scale may become the major scale once the proper degree has been chosen as tonic (e.g. the C-major scale C–D–E–F–G–A–B, in which C is the tonic). If the scale has no tonic, the starting degree must be chosen arbitrarily. In set theory, for instance, the 12 degrees of the chromatic scale usually are numbered starting from C=0, the twelve pitch classes being numbered from 0 to 11. In a more specific sense, scale degrees are given names that indicate their particul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Makams
Here is a list of all makams of Ottoman classical music Ottoman music ( tr, Osmanlı müziği) or Turkish classical music ( tr, Türk sanat müziği) is the tradition of classical music originating in the Ottoman Empire. Developed in the palace, major Ottoman cities, and Sufi lodges, it traditional .... A #Âb-ı Kevser # Acem #Acem-Aşîrân #Acem-Bâ-Zir-Keşîde #Acem-Bûselik #Acem-Irak 7. Acem-Kürdî 8. Acem-Murassa 9. Acem-Rast 10. Acem-Zemzeme 11. Acem-Zir-Keşîde 12. Acemli Rast 12.5. Acemli Yegâh 13. Âgâaze-i Kâbili 14. Aheng-i-Tarâb 15. Akberi 16. Anber-Efşân 17. Arabân 18. Arabân-Kürdî 19. Arabân-Nigâr 20. Arabân-ı-Cedîd 21. Arazbâr 22. Arazbâr-Bûselik 23. Arazbâr-Zemzeme 24. Âvâz-ı Zenbûr 25. Azrâ 26. Aşîrân 27. Aşîrân-Mâye 28. Aşîrân-Vefâdar 29. Aşîrân-Zemzeme 30. Aşk-Efzâ B 31. Bâd-ı-Sabâ 32. Bahâr 33. Bahr-i-Nâzik 34. Bayâti 35. Bayâti-Arabân 36. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
