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Ramariopsis
''Ramariopsis'' is a genus of coral fungi in the family Clavariaceae. The genus has a collectively widespread distribution and contains about 40 species. The name means 'having the appearance of ''Ramaria. Taxonomy ''Ramariopsis'' was originally defined as a subgenus of ''Clavaria'' by Dutch mycologist Marinus Anton Donk in 1933. Several European species similar to the type, '' Clavaria kunzei'', were included: '' Clavaria subtilis'', '' Clavaria pyxidata'', '' Clavaria angulispora'', and '' Clavaria pulchella''. In Donk's concept, defining characteristics of the group included small, branching, fruitbodies with a stipe, and an almost cartilaginous consistency to the flesh. Spores are small and hyaline (translucent), spherical to ellipsoid, and have a surface ornamentation ranging from echinulate (spiny) to verruculose (covered with small warts). E.J.H. Corner promoted the subgenus to generic status in his 1950 world monograph of clavarioid fungi. Ron Petersen emended the genu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ramariopsis Subtilis
''Ramariopsis'' is a genus of coral fungi in the family Clavariaceae. The genus has a collectively widespread distribution and contains about 40 species. The name means 'having the appearance of ''Ramaria. Taxonomy ''Ramariopsis'' was originally defined as a subgenus of ''Clavaria'' by Dutch mycologist Marinus Anton Donk in 1933. Several European species similar to the type species, type, ''Clavaria kunzei'', were included: ''Ramariopsis subtilis, Clavaria subtilis'', ''Artomyces pyxidatus, Clavaria pyxidata'', ''Scytinopogon angulisporus, Clavaria angulispora'', and ''Ramariopsis pulchella, Clavaria pulchella''. In Donk's concept, defining characteristics of the group included small, branching, fruitbodies with a stipe (mycology), stipe, and an almost cartilage, cartilaginous consistency to the trama (mycology), flesh. Basidiospore, Spores are small and hyaline (translucent), spherical to ellipsoid, and have a surface ornamentation ranging from echinulate (spiny) to verruculose ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ramariopsis Minutula
''Ramariopsis'' is a genus of coral fungi in the family Clavariaceae. The genus has a collectively widespread distribution and contains about 40 species. The name means 'having the appearance of ''Ramaria. Taxonomy ''Ramariopsis'' was originally defined as a subgenus of ''Clavaria'' by Dutch mycologist Marinus Anton Donk in 1933. Several European species similar to the type, '' Clavaria kunzei'', were included: '' Clavaria subtilis'', '' Clavaria pyxidata'', '' Clavaria angulispora'', and '' Clavaria pulchella''. In Donk's concept, defining characteristics of the group included small, branching, fruitbodies with a stipe, and an almost cartilaginous consistency to the flesh. Spores are small and hyaline (translucent), spherical to ellipsoid, and have a surface ornamentation ranging from echinulate (spiny) to verruculose (covered with small warts). E.J.H. Corner promoted the subgenus to generic status in his 1950 world monograph of clavarioid fungi. Ron Petersen emended the genu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clavaria Kunzei
''Ramariopsis kunzei'' is an edible species of coral fungi in the family Clavariaceae, and the type species of the genus ''Ramariopsis''. It is commonly known as white coral because of the branched structure of the fruit bodies that resemble marine coral. The fruit bodies are up to tall by wide, with numerous branches originating from a short rudimentary stem. The branches are one to two millimeters thick, smooth, and white, sometimes with yellowish tips in age. ''Ramariopsis kunzei'' has a widespread distribution, and is found in North America, Europe, Asia, and Australia. Taxonomy and phylogeny The species was first described as ''Clavaria kunzei'' by pioneer mycologist Elias Magnus Fries in 1821. E.J.H. Corner transferred the species to ''Ramariopsis'' in 1950, and made it the type species. In general, coral fungi often have extensive taxonomic histories, as mycologists have not agreed on the best way to classify them. In addition to ''Clavaria'' and ''Ramariopsis'', the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ramariopsis Kunzei
''Ramariopsis kunzei'' is an edible species of coral fungi in the family Clavariaceae, and the type species of the genus ''Ramariopsis''. It is commonly known as white coral because of the branched structure of the fruit bodies that resemble marine coral. The fruit bodies are up to tall by wide, with numerous branches originating from a short rudimentary stem. The branches are one to two millimeters thick, smooth, and white, sometimes with yellowish tips in age. ''Ramariopsis kunzei'' has a widespread distribution, and is found in North America, Europe, Asia, and Australia. Taxonomy and phylogeny The species was first described as ''Clavaria kunzei'' by pioneer mycologist Elias Magnus Fries in 1821. E.J.H. Corner transferred the species to ''Ramariopsis'' in 1950, and made it the type species. In general, coral fungi often have extensive taxonomic histories, as mycologists have not agreed on the best way to classify them. In addition to ''Clavaria'' and ''Ramariopsis'', the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ramariopsis Pulchella
''Ramariopsis pulchella'' is a species of coral fungus in the family Clavariaceae. Originally named ''Clavaria pulchella'' by Jean Louis Émile Boudier in 1887, the species was transferred to ''Ramariopsis'' by E.J.H. Corner in 1950. The fungus has a cosmopolitan distribution In biogeography, cosmopolitan distribution is the term for the range of a taxon that extends across all or most of the world in appropriate habitats. Such a taxon, usually a species, is said to exhibit cosmopolitanism or cosmopolitism. The ext .... References External links * Clavariaceae Fungi described in 1887 Fungi of Australia Fungi of Europe Fungi of North America {{Agaricales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clavariaceae
The Clavariaceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. Originally the family contained most of the clavarioid fungi (club and coral fungi), but in its current sense is more restricted, albeit with a greater diversity of basidiocarp (fruit body) forms. Basidiocarps are variously clavarioid or agaricoid (mushroom-shaped), less commonly corticioid (effused, crust-like) or hydnoid (with pendant spines). Taxonomy History Clavariaceae was originally circumscribed (as "Clavariae") by French botanist and mycologist François Fulgis Chevallier in 1826. It was one of five families (along with the Agaricaceae, Hydnaceae, Polyporaceae, and Thelephoraceae) that Elias Fries used to divide the Agaricales and Aphyllophorales in his influential work '' Systema Mycologicum''. The family served as a convenient placement for all genera containing species with superficially similar club or coral-like fruitbodies. It was first M.A. Donk and later E.J.H. Corner who realized that, in this br ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clavaria
''Clavaria'' is a genus of fungi in the family Clavariaceae. Species of ''Clavaria'' produce basidiocarps (fruit bodies) that are either cylindrical to club-shaped or branched and coral-like. They are often grouped with similar-looking species from other genera, when they are collectively known as the clavarioid fungi. All ''Clavaria'' species are terrestrial and most (if not all) are believed to be saprotrophic (decomposing dead plant material). In Europe, they are typical of old, mossy, unimproved grassland. In North America and elsewhere, they are more commonly found in woodlands. History ''Clavaria'' (the name is derived from the Latin "clava", a club) was first introduced as a genus name by Vaillant (1727), later accepted by Micheli (1729), and was one of the original genera used by Linnaeus in his ''Species Plantarum'' of 1753. It contained all species of fungi with erect, club-shaped or branched (coral-like) fruit bodies, including many that are now referred to the Ascomy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coral Fungi
The clavarioid fungi are a group of fungi in the '' Basidiomycota'' typically having erect, simple or branched basidiocarps (fruit bodies) that are formed on the ground, on decaying vegetation, or on dead wood. They are colloquially called club fungi and coral fungi. Originally such fungi were referred to the genus ''Clavaria'' ("clavarioid" means ''Clavaria''-like), but it is now known that clavarioid species are not all closely related. Since they are often studied as a group, it is convenient to retain the informal (non-taxonomic) name of "clavarioid fungi" and this term is frequently used in research papers. History ''Clavaria'' was one of the original genera created by Linnaeus in his ''Species Plantarum'' of 1753. It contained all species of fungi with erect, club-shaped or branched (coral-like) fruit bodies, including many that are now referred to the Ascomycota. Subsequent authors described over 1200 species in the genus. With increasing use of the microscope in the late ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marinus Anton Donk
Marinus Anton Donk (14 August 1908 – 2 September 1972) was a Dutch mycologist. He specialized in the taxonomy and nomenclature of mushrooms. Rolf Singer wrote in his obituary that he was "one of the most outstanding figures of contemporary mycology." Early life Donk was born in Situbondo, East Java in 1908, and completed secondary school in The Hague, Netherlands. He studied biology at the University of Utrecht, starting in 1927. As a graduate student in mycology he completed the work for his 1931 "Revisie van de Nederlandse Heterobasidiomyceteae" (Revision of the Dutch Heterobasidiomycetes). He completed his studies and attained a doctorate degree in 1933 with the second part of his work, ''Revisie van de Nederlandse Heterobasidiomyceteae II''. Afterwards he returned to Java, where he worked from 1934 to 1940 as a teacher, and, starting from 1941 as a curator in the herbarium of the Buitenzorg Botanical Garden. He was interned in a Japanese prison camp from 1942 to 1945. Du ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agaricales
The fungal order Agaricales, also known as gilled mushrooms (for their distinctive gills) or euagarics, contains some of the most familiar types of mushrooms. The order has 33 extant families, 413 genera, and over 13,000 described species, along with six extinct genera known only from the fossil record. They range from the ubiquitous common mushroom to the deadly destroying angel and the hallucinogenic fly agaric to the bioluminescent jack-o-lantern mushroom. History, classification and phylogeny In his three volumes of '' Systema Mycologicum'' published between 1821 and 1832, Elias Fries put almost all of the fleshy, gill-forming mushrooms in the genus ''Agaricus''. He organized the large genus into "tribes", the names of many of which still exist as common genera of today. Fries later elevated several of these tribes to generic level, but later authors—including Gillet, Karsten, Kummer, Quélet, and Staude—made most of the changes. Fries based his classification on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cartilage
Cartilage is a resilient and smooth type of connective tissue. In tetrapods, it covers and protects the ends of long bones at the joints as articular cartilage, and is a structural component of many body parts including the rib cage, the neck and the bronchial tubes, and the intervertebral discs. In other taxa, such as chondrichthyans, but also in cyclostomes, it may constitute a much greater proportion of the skeleton. It is not as hard and rigid as bone, but it is much stiffer and much less flexible than muscle. The matrix of cartilage is made up of glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, collagen fibers and, sometimes, elastin. Because of its rigidity, cartilage often serves the purpose of holding tubes open in the body. Examples include the rings of the trachea, such as the cricoid cartilage and carina. Cartilage is composed of specialized cells called chondrocytes that produce a large amount of collagenous extracellular matrix, abundant ground substance that is rich in pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ultrastructure
Ultrastructure (or ultra-structure) is the architecture of cells and biomaterials that is visible at higher magnifications than found on a standard optical light microscope. This traditionally meant the resolution and magnification range of a conventional transmission electron microscope (TEM) when viewing biological specimens such as cells, tissue, or organs. Ultrastructure can also be viewed with scanning electron microscopy and super-resolution microscopy, although TEM is a standard histology technique for viewing ultrastructure. Such cellular structures as organelles, which allow the cell to function properly within its specified environment, can be examined at the ultrastructural level. Ultrastructure, along with molecular phylogeny, is a reliable phylogenetic way of classifying organisms. Features of ultrastructure are used industrially to control material properties and promote biocompatibility. History In 1931, German engineers Max Knoll and Ernst Ruska invented th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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