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Raivaaja
''Raivaaja'' (English: The Pioneer) was a Finnish-language newspaper published from 1905 to 2009 in Fitchburg, Massachusetts, by Raivaaja Publishing Company. For the first three decades of its existence the publication was closely associated with the Socialist Party of America (SPA). In 1936 as part of a large factional split in the SPA, the former Finnish Socialist Federation severed its connection to become the "Finnish American League for Democracy," with ''Raivaaja'' remaining the official organ of this remodeled organization. During its final years the publication included both English language and Finnish language content. It was last edited by Marita Cauthen from 1984 until its termination in 2009. Today the not-for-profit Raivaaja Foundation still runs a website and an online bookstore. History Establishment The history of the broadsheet newspaper ''Raivaaja'' (The Pioneer) is traceable to an earlier publication, ''Pohjan Tähti'' (The North Star), which was started i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Finnish Socialist Federation
The Finnish Socialist Federation () was a language federation of the Socialist Party of America which united Finnish language-speaking immigrants in the United States in a national organization designed to conduct propaganda and education for socialism among their community. In 1936, in response to a factional split in the Socialist Party which saw the party's moderate wing quit en masse to form the Social Democratic Federation of America, the Finnish Socialist Federation similarly departed to reestablish itself as the Finnish American League for Democracy. History Early Finnish socialist newspapers in America Finnish immigration to the United States was linked to two factors: growing repression of Finnish national autonomy in Tsarist Russia and the need for immigrant labor for the rapidly expanding economy of the United States. Immigrant recruiters were dispatched to Europe to entice people to come to America, where available land was comparatively bountiful and the promises for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fitchburg, Massachusetts
Fitchburg is a city in northern Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. The third-largest city in the county, its population was 41,946 at the 2020 census. Fitchburg is home to Fitchburg State University as well as 17 public and private elementary and high schools. History Fitchburg was first settled in by Europeans in 1730 as part of Lunenburg, and was officially set apart from that town and incorporated in 1764. The area was previously occupied by the Nipmuc tribe. It is named for John Fitch, one of the committee that procured the act of incorporation. In July 1748 Fitch and his family, living in this isolated spot, were abducted to Canada by Native Americans, but returned the next year. Fitchburg is situated on both the Nashua River and a railroad line. The original Fitchburg Railroad ran through the Hoosac Tunnel, linking Boston and Albany, New York. The tunnel was built using the Burleigh Rock Drill, designed and built in Fitchburg. Fitchburg was a 19th-centur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Työmies
''Työmies'' (The Worker) was a politically radical Finnish-language newspaper published primarily out of Hancock, Michigan, and Superior, Wisconsin. Launched as a weekly in July 1903, the paper later went to daily frequency and was issued under its own name until its merger with the communist newspaper ''Eteenpäin'' (Forward) in 1950 to form ''Työmies-Eteenpäin''. ''Työmies'' was affiliated with the Finnish Socialist Federation of the Socialist Party of America before later becoming a publication of the Communist Party, USA. History Establishment ''Työmies'' was established in Worcester, Massachusetts, in 1903 as ''Amerikan Suomalainen Työmies'' (The Finnish-American Worker).Auvo Kostiainen, "Finns," in Dirk Hoerder with Christiane Harzig (eds.), ''The Immigrant Labor Press in North America, 1840s-1970s: An Annotated Bibliography: Volume 1: Migrants from Northern Europe.'' Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1987; pp. 224, 234-235. The original ''Amerikan Suomalainen Työm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oskari Tokoi
Antti Oskari Tokoi (15 April 1873 – 4 April 1963) was a Finnish people, Finnish socialist who served as a leader of the Social Democratic Party of Finland. In 1917 Tokoi acted as a Chairman of the Senate of Finland and thus he was the world’s first social democratic leader of the government. During the short-lived Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic, Revolution of 1918, Tokoi participated as a leading figure in the revolutionary government. Tokoi later emigrated to the United States, where he served as the long-time editor of ''Raivaaja'' (The Pioneer), the newspaper of the Finnish Socialist Federation. Life and Politics Early years Oskari Tokoi was born as Antti Oskari Hirvi in Yliviirre parish, Kannus in the Central Ostrobothnia region of Finland on May 15, 1873. The family adopted the surname "Tokoi," the Oeconym, name of a farm purchased by his paternal grandfather, in accordance with common local practice in this period. His father, Kalle, was a farmer and horse-trader. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toveri
The Western Workman's Co-operative Publishing Company, established in 1907, was a Finnish-language socialism, socialist newspaper and book publisher located in Astoria, Oregon, Astoria, Oregon, on the Pacific coast of the United States of America. The firm produced the newspapers ''Toveri'' (The Comrade), ''Toveritar'' (The Woman Comrade), periodicals designed for young readers, as well as books. Targeted to a national female audience rather than a local readership, the weekly ''Toveritar'' (established 1911) would soon gain a larger circulation than the more frequently issued ''Toveri,'' which went to a daily publication schedule in 1912. With circulation declining and the Communist Party, USA seeking to consolidate operations, the Western Workmen's Co-operative Publishing Company was terminated in 1931. The western regional organ ''Toveri'' was absorbed by the long-running Finnish-language radical daily, ''Työmies'' (The Worker), published in Superior, Wisconsin, while the nat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aku Päiviö
Aukusti "Aku" Päiviö (2 April 1879 – 13 May 1967) was a Finnish Canadian journalist, poet and socialist. With Sanna Kannasto and A.T. Hill, he was one of the key figures in the Finnish Canadian socialist movement of the early 1900s. Päiviö was a Marxist who saw education as the most important part of the class struggle.Saarinen, pp. 136–137. Biography Päiviö was born in the municipality of Kärsämäki, Finland, in the Northern Ostrobothnia region. He emigrated to the United States in 1902 at the age of 23. Päiviö worked as the editor of Finnish American newspapers ''Amerikan Uutiset'' (The American News), ''Päivän Uutiset'' (The Daily News) and ''Kansan Lehti'' (The People's Newspaper), published in Calumet and Ironwood, Michigan. In June 1905 Päiviö began as the editor of ''Raivaaja'' (The Pioneer), the Eastern newspaper of the Finnish Socialist Federation located in Fitchburg, Massachusetts Fitchburg is a city in northern Worcester County, Massachusetts, Uni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Santeri Nuorteva
Santeri "Santtu" Nuorteva (born Alexander Nyberg; 29 June 1881 – 31 March 1929) was a Finnish-born Soviet journalist and one of the first members of the Finnish Parliament, where he served as a member of the Social Democratic Party from 1907 to 1908 and 1909 to 1910. Nuorteva emigrated to the United States in 1911 and played a leading role in the sizable Finnish-language socialist movement in America. At various times, he edited the magazines ''Säkeniä'' ("The Spark") and the newspapers ''Toveri'' ("The Comrade") and ''Raivaaja'' ("The Pioneer"). He was the official spokesman in America for the Finnish Socialist Revolutionary government of 1918 and, after its overthrow, was influential in the official affairs of the government of Soviet Russia in the United States. In 1920, he was deported to Soviet Russia. His daughter was the famous Finnish-Soviet spy Kerttu Nuorteva. Early life Santeri was named Alexander Nyberg when he was born in Viipuri, Grand Duchy of Finland, on June ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johan Kock
Captain Johan Kock (4 June 1861 – 13 April 1915) was a Finland, Finnish soldier who had been decommissioned from the Finnish Defence Forces, Finnish army in Viipuri in 1897. Kock was a revolutionary who was the leader of the Red Guards (Finland), Finnish Labour Corps from 1905 to 1906. Biography Kock was born in Helsinki. In 1900 Kock was a reporter in Viipuri. He organised routes to smuggle revolutionary writings from Sweden via Finland to Russia. In 1905 during the general strike the academic society and labor protested together against the Russian czar. Kock became the leader of the national guard during the strike. Kock gained the support and trust of the general governor Ivan Mikhailovich Obolensky, Ivan Obolensky. Nevertheless, Obolensky negotiated with the Constitutionals how to solve the strike by political means. The Academic society couldn't accept Kock's leadership: university students and polytechniques split off, founding their own organisation under the leadership ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Socialist Party Of America
The Socialist Party of America (SPA) was a socialist political party in the United States formed in 1901 by a merger between the three-year-old Social Democratic Party of America and disaffected elements of the Socialist Labor Party of America who had split from the main organization in 1899. In the first decades of the 20th century, it drew significant support from many different groups, including trade unionists, progressive social reformers, populist farmers and immigrants. But it refused to form coalitions with other parties, or even to allow its members to vote for other parties. Eugene V. Debs twice won over 900,000 votes in presidential elections ( 1912 and 1920) while the party also elected two U.S. representatives ( Victor L. Berger and Meyer London), dozens of state legislators, more than 100 mayors, and countless lesser officials. The party's staunch opposition to American involvement in World War I, although welcomed by many, also led to prominent defections, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taavi Tainio
David (Taavi) Tainio (25 June 1874, Keuruu - 17 March 1929) was a Finnish journalist and politician. He was a member of the Parliament of Finland from 1907 to 1909, from 1911 to 1913 and from 1922 until his death in 1929, representing the Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP). He was the chairman of the SDP from 1903 to 1905 and party secretary from 1918 to 1926. He was imprisoned for a while in 1918 for having sided with the Reds during the Finnish Civil War The Finnish Civil War; . Other designations: Brethren War, Citizen War, Class War, Freedom War, Red Rebellion and Revolution, . According to 1,005 interviews done by the newspaper ''Aamulehti'', the most popular names were as follows: Civil W .... References {{DEFAULTSORT:Tainio, Taavi 1874 births 1929 deaths People from Keuruu People from Vaasa Province (Grand Duchy of Finland) Leaders of the Social Democratic Party of Finland Members of the Parliament of Finland (1907–08) Members of the Parliament of F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Socialism
Socialism is a left-wing economic philosophy and movement encompassing a range of economic systems characterized by the dominance of social ownership of the means of production as opposed to private ownership. As a term, it describes the economic, political and social theories and movements associated with the implementation of such systems. Social ownership can be state/public, community, collective, cooperative, or employee. While no single definition encapsulates the many types of socialism, social ownership is the one common element. Different types of socialism vary based on the role of markets and planning in resource allocation, on the structure of management in organizations, and from below or from above approaches, with some socialists favouring a party, state, or technocratic-driven approach. Socialists disagree on whether government, particularly existing government, is the correct vehicle for change. Socialist systems are divided into non-market and market f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Industrial Unionism
Industrial unionism is a trade union organizing method through which all workers in the same industry are organized into the same union, regardless of skill or trade, thus giving workers in one industry, or in all industries, more leverage in bargaining and in strike situations. Industrial unionism contrasts with craft unionism, which organizes workers along lines of their specific trades. History Early history Eugene Debs formed the American Railway Union (ARU) as an industrial organization in response to limitations of craft unions. Railroad engineers and firemen had called a strike, but other employees, particularly conductors who were organized into a different craft, did not join that strike. The conductors piloted scab engineers on the train routes, helping their employers to break the strike. In June 1894, the newly formed, industrially organized ARU voted to join in solidarity with an ongoing strike against the Pullman company. The sympathy strike demonstrated the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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