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Ragland Hills
The Ragland Hills are a rugged, largely forested series of hills and ravines in Forrest and Perry counties, Mississippi. They formed by water erosion of thick clay, gravel and sand deposits, with the Leaf River and its tributaries responsible for the downcutting. Part of Camp Shelby is in the Ragland Hills. Many plant community types occur. The mesic beech-magnolia forest of ravines is especially interesting due to its mix of subtropical species including ''Magnolia grandiflora'', ''Tillandsia usneoides'' and ''Sabal minor'' with northern inland species such as ''Fagus grandifolia'', ''Arisaema dracontium'', ''A. triphyllum'', ''Medeola virginiana'', ''Phryma leptostachya'', ''Sanguinaria canadensis'', '' Trillium cuneatum'', ''Uvularia perfoliata ''Uvularia perfoliata'', the perfoliate bellwort, is a perennial forb indigenous (ecology), native to the eastern United States and Canada, which produces pale yellow flowers in spring. Description The smooth slender stem of '' ...
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Forrest County, Mississippi
Forrest County is located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 74,934. Its county seat and largest city is Hattiesburg. The county was created from Perry County in 1908 and named in honor of Nathan Bedford Forrest, a Confederate general in the American Civil War and the first Grand Wizard of the Ku Klux Klan. Forrest County is part of the Hattiesburg, MS Metropolitan Statistical Area. Geography According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land and (0.8%) is water. Major highways * Interstate 59 * U.S. Highway 11 * U.S. Highway 49 * U.S. Highway 98 * Mississippi Highway 13 * Mississippi Highway 42 Adjacent counties * Jones County (northeast) * Perry County (east) * Stone County (south) * Pearl River County (southwest) * Lamar County (west) * Covington County (northwest) National protected area * De Soto National Forest (part) Demographics 2020 census As of the 2020 United States ce ...
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Arisaema Triphyllum
''Arisaema triphyllum'', the jack-in-the-pulpit, bog onion, brown dragon or Indian turnip, is a herbaceous perennial plant growing from a corm. It is a highly variable species typically growing in height with three-part leaves and flowers contained in a spadix that is covered by a hood. It is native to eastern North America, occurring in moist woodlands and thickets from Nova Scotia west to Minnesota, and south to southern Florida and Texas. Description The leaves are trifoliate, with groups of three leaves growing together at the top of one long stem produced from a corm; each leaflet is long and broad. Plants are sometimes confused with poison-ivy especially before the flowers appear or non-flowering plants. The inflorescences are shaped irregularly and grow to a length of up to 8 cm. They are greenish-yellow or sometimes fully green with purple or brownish stripes. The spathe, known in this plant as "the pulpit" wraps around and covers over and contain a spadi ...
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Uvularia Sessilifolia
''Uvularia sessilifolia'', the sessile bellwort, sessileleaf bellwort, little merrybells or wild oats, is a species of bellwort native to eastern and central North America. It grows in woodlands with wet or dry soils. The strap-like leaves are sessile on the stem. The flowers are yellow, narrowly bell-shaped, and creamy yellow, blooming in spring. The leaves have no hairs on the margin and are somewhat narrow, distinguishing this plant from the similar '' Streptopus''. They spread asexually by means of long under ground stolons with most plants in a clonal colony not flowering. Flowering plants often do not set seed, but when plants form seeds they are in three angled fruits. The native range extends from the Atlantic Ocean from Florida to Nova Scotia, west to Texas, The Dakotas and Manitoba Manitoba ( ) is a Provinces and territories of Canada, province of Canada at the Centre of Canada, longitudinal centre of the country. It is Canada's Population of Canada by province and t ...
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Uvularia Perfoliata
''Uvularia perfoliata'', the perfoliate bellwort, is a perennial forb native to the eastern United States and Canada, which produces pale yellow flowers in spring. Description The smooth slender stem of ''Uvularia perfoliata'' is 15 to 50 centimeters tall, and forked above the middle. The leaves are obovate, 4 to 12 centimeters long and 1.5 to 4 centimeters wide, glabrous or glaucous, and perfoliate. There are usually 1 to 4 leaves below the fork in the stem. The stems bear a single downward drooping flower with six 2 to 3.5 centimeter long tepals which are granular on the inside. The fruit is a triangular three lobed capsule 7 to 13 millimeters in length. Distribution and habitat ''Uvularia perfoliata'' is widely distributed in the eastern and southern United States from Texas to New Hampshire, plus the Canadian province of Ontario. It is listed as an endangered species by the states of Indiana and New Hampshire. In Virginia, it grows in habitats such as floodplain forests, ...
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Trillium Cuneatum
''Trillium cuneatum'', the little sweet betsy, also known as whip-poor-will flower, large toadshade, purple toadshade, and bloody butcher, is a species of flowering plant in the family Melanthiaceae. It is a member of the ''Trillium cuneatum'' complex, a subgroup of the sessile-flowered trilliums. It is native to the southeastern United States but is especially common in a region that extends from southern Kentucky through central Tennessee to northern Alabama. In its native habitat, this perennial plant flowers from early March to late April (depending on latitude). It is the largest of the eastern sessile-flowered trilliums. Description ''Trillium cuneatum'' is a member of the ''Trillium cuneatum'' complex, along with its closest relatives, ''Trillium luteum'' and ''Trillium maculatum''. ''Trillium cuneatum'' is paraphyletic and morphologically variable. Some populations currently considered to be ''T. cuneatum'' are more closely related to ''T. maculatum'' than to ot ...
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Sanguinaria Canadensis
''Sanguinaria canadensis'', bloodroot, is a perennial, herbaceous flowering plant native to eastern North America. It is the only species in the genus ''Sanguinaria'', included in the poppy family Papaveraceae, and is most closely related to ''Eomecon'' of eastern Asia. ''Sanguinaria canadensis'' is sometimes known as Canada puccoon, bloodwort, redroot, red puccoon, and black paste. Plants are variable in leaf and flower shape, and have been separated as a different subspecies due to these variable shapes, indicating a highly variable species. In bloodroot, the juice is red and poisonous. Products made from sanguinaria extracts, such as black salve, are escharotic and can cause permanent disfiguring scarring. Although preliminary studies have suggested that sanguinaria may have potential applications in cancer therapy, clinical studies are lacking, and its use is not recommended. Description Bloodroot grows from tall. It has one large basal leaf, up to across, with five t ...
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Phryma Leptostachya
''Phryma leptostachya'', or lopseed, is a perennial herb of the genus ''Phryma''. When distinguished from ''Phryma oblongifolia'' and ''Phryma nana'', it is native to eastern North America. The plant stands about 0.3 to 1.0 meters tall, and the inflorescences bear a number of small (4 mm) tube-shaped white to pink flowers. Taxonomy ''Phryma leptostachya'' was first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753. It was the only species he placed in his genus ''Phryma''. Two further species were later described by the Japanese botanist Gen-ichi Koidzumi, ''Phryma oblongifolia'' and ''Phryma nana''. However, these species were generally not accepted, and populations in Asia and North America were usually treated as the single species ''Phryma leptostachya'', being distinguished only at the rank of subspecies and variety. In 2017, treating all three as full species was supported by morphological and earlier molecular phylogenetic evidence, and all three are accepted by Plants of the World ...
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Medeola Virginiana
''Medeola virginiana'', known as Indian cucumber, cucumber root, or Indian cucumber-root, is an eastern North American plant species in the lily family, Liliaceae. It is the only currently recognized plant species in the genus ''Medeola''. It grows in the understory of forests. The plant bears edible rhizomes that have a mild cucumber-like flavor. Description ''Medeola virginiana'' shoots consist of two tiers of whorled leaves. The lower tier typically bears between five and nine (occasionally up to 12) lance shaped leaves. The upper tier bears three to five ovate leaves. The leaves have an entire (smooth) margin. Some individuals lack a second tier of whorled leaves. The second tier is produced when the plant flowers. When two-tiered, plants grow to high. The flowers have yellowish green tepals and appear in late spring. The fruit is a dark blue to purple, inedible berry above the top tier of leaves. Indian cucumber-root shoots arise each spring from an overwintering tuberlike ...
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Arisaema Dracontium
''Arisaema dracontium'', the dragon-root or green dragon, is a herbaceous perennial plant in the genus ''Arisaema'' and the family Araceae. It is native to North America from Quebec through Minnesota south through Florida and Texas, where it is found growing in damp woods. It has also been reported from northeastern Mexico (Nuevo León + Veracruz) Plants grow tall when in bloom and after flowering reach , and each grows from a corm. Normally, a plant produces one leaf with a long Petiole (botany), petiole, its leaf is composed of 7 to 13 leaflets, with its central leaflet being the largest one and with leaflets becoming smaller as they are produced distally, the leaflets are held out horizontally over the plant. During flowering in spring, a single slender, green spathe long is produced; it covers a tapering, long thin spadix (botany), spadix. The tail-like spadix grows out around the top of its spathe. After flowering, up to 150 berries are produced in a club-shaped column. I ...
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Perry County, Mississippi
Perry County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 12,250. The county seat is New Augusta. The county is named after the War of 1812 naval hero, Oliver Hazard Perry. Perry County is part of the Hattiesburg, MS Metropolitan Statistical Area. Until 1906, the county seat was the old town of Augusta, near the center of the county on the east bank of the Leaf River. At Old Augusta, the outlaw James Copeland was executed by hanging on October 30, 1857. Old Augusta remains a small village today. New Augusta, two miles south of Old Augusta, was made the county seat of Perry County, because it was situated on the Mobile, Jackson & Kansas City Railroad. Geography According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land and (0.5%) is water. Major highways * U.S. Highway 98 * Mississippi Highway 15 * Mississippi Highway 29 * Mississippi Highway 42 Adjacent counties * Wayne County (northea ...
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Fagus Grandifolia
''Fagus grandifolia'', the American beech or North American beech, is a species of beech tree native to the eastern United States and extreme southeast of Canada. Description ''Fagus grandifolia'' is a large deciduous tree growing to tall, with smooth, silver-gray bark. The leaves are dark green, simple and sparsely-toothed with small teeth that terminate each vein, long (rarely ), with a short petiole. The winter twigs are distinctive among North American trees, being long and slender ( by ) with two rows of overlapping scales on the buds. Beech buds are distinctly thin and long, resembling cigars; this characteristic makes beech trees relatively easy to identify. The tree is monoecious, with flowers of both sexes on the same tree. The fruit is a small, sharply-angled nut, borne in pairs in a soft-spined, four-lobed husk. It has two means of reproduction: one is through the usual dispersal of seedlings, and the other is through root sprouts, which grow into new trees. ...
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Sabal Minor
''Sabal minor'', commonly known as the dwarf palmetto, is a small species of palm. It is native to the deep southeastern and south-central United States and northeastern Mexico. It is naturally found in a diversity of habitats, including maritime forests, swamps, floodplains, and occasionally on drier sites. It is often found growing in calcareous marl soil. ''Sabal minor'' is one of the most frost and cold tolerant among North American palms. Distribution This palm's native range spans on the Atlantic Coast from central Florida north to Monkey Island, North Carolina. On the Gulf Coast, it spans from central Florida to central Texas, Arkansas, north to southern Oklahoma and northern Alabama, then south in the State of Nuevo León in Mexico. Description ''Sabal Minor'' grows up to 3 meters in height, with a trunk up to diameter. It is a fan palm (Arecaceae tribe Corypheae), with the leaves with a bare petiole terminating in a rounded fan of numerous leaflets. Each leaf is long, ...
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