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Raerae (Ngāti Maniapoto)
Rae-rae are trans women in Tahitian culture, a contemporary distinction originating in the 1960s from Māhū (meaning "in the middle"), which is the more traditional social category of gender liminal people of Polynesia. ''Petea'' is a disparaging term for cis-male homosexuality (suggesting "men who sexually desire each other") used in French Polynesia, in contrast to traditional social category aikane used in Hawaii. Whereas mahu are regarded as an integral part of Maori tradition, history, and culture, rae-rae are generally less accepted in Tahitian society. They are regarded as the more modern equivalent to drag queens of the western world, and carry a negative connotation with ties to poverty and sex work. Rae-rae may be more likely than mahu to undergo male-to-female gender reassignment surgery or other cosmetic surgeries. Additionally, the identity of rae-rae has closer ties to homosexuality, in contrast to mahu, which identify more with femininity and "sweetness" and may take ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trans Women
A trans woman or a transgender woman is a woman who was assigned male at birth. Trans women have a female gender identity, may experience gender dysphoria, and may transition; this process commonly includes hormone replacement therapy and sometimes sex reassignment surgery, which can bring relief and resolve feelings of gender dysphoria. Like cisgender women, trans women may have any sexual orientation. The term ''transgender woman'' is not always interchangeable with ''transsexual woman'', although the terms are often used interchangeably. ''Transgender'' is an umbrella term that includes different types of gender variant people (including transsexual people). Trans women face significant discrimination in many areas of life, including in employment and access to housing, and face physical and sexual violence and hate crimes, including from partners; in the United States, discrimination is particularly severe towards trans women who are members of a racial minority, who of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Māhū
' ('in the middle') in Native Hawaiian and Tahitian cultures are third gender people with traditional spiritual and social roles within the culture, similar to Tongan ' and Samoan '. Historically māhū were assigned male at birth (AMAB), but in modern usage māhū can refer to a variety of genders and sexual orientations. According to present-day māhū kumu hula Kaua'i Iki: In modern popular culture, ''māhū'' is commonly used pejoratively of LGBTQ people. History According to some, in the pre-colonial history of Hawai'i, māhū were notable priests and healers, although much of this history was elided through the intervention of missionaries. Others describe the māhū as not having access to political power, being unable to aspire to leadership roles, and "Perceived as always available for sexual conquest by men." The first published description of māhū occurs in Captain William Bligh's logbook of the Bounty, which stopped in Tahiti in 1789, where he was introduced t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Third Gender
Third gender is a concept in which individuals are categorized, either by themselves or by society, as neither man nor woman. It is also a social category present in societies that recognize three or more genders. The term ''third'' is usually understood to mean "other", though some anthropologists and sociologists have described fourth and fifthGraham, Sharyn (2001)Sulawesi's fifth gender Inside Indonesia, April–June 2001. genders. The state of personally identifying as, or being identified by society as, a man, a woman, or other, is usually also defined by the individual's gender identity and gender role in the particular culture in which they live. Most cultures use a gender binary, having two genders (boys/men and girls/women).Kevin L. Nadal, ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of Psychology and Gender'' (2017, ), page 401: "Most cultures currently construct their societies based on the understanding of gender binary—the two gender categorizations (male and female). Such societies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kathoey
''Kathoey'' or ''katoey'' ( th, กะเทย; ) is an identity used by some people in Thailand, whose identities in English may be best described as transgender women in some cases, or effeminate gay men in other cases. Transgender women in Thailand mostly use terms other than when referring to themselves, such as ( th, ผู้หญิง, links=no, 'woman'). A significant number of Thai people perceive ''kathoey'' as belonging to a separate sex, including some transgender women themselves.Winter, Sam (2003). Research and discussion paper: ''Language and identity in transgender: gender wars and the case of the Thai kathoey''. Paper presented at the Hawaii conference on Social Sciences, Waikiki, June 2003Article online. In the face of the many sociopolitical obstacles that ' navigate in Thailand, ' activism has led to legal recognition as of January 2015. Terminology A study of 195 Thai transgender women found that most of the participants referred to themselves ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kothi (gender)
A kothi in the culture of the Indian subcontinent, is a man or boy who takes on an "effeminate" role in same sex relationships, often with a desire to be the penetrated member in sexual intercourse. The origins of the term Kothi are unclear. The original meaning was intended as a slur, similar to "fag" or "sissy." Local equivalents include ''durani'' (Kolkata), ''menaka'' (Cochin), '' meti'' (Nepal), and ''zenana'' (Pakistan). The male partners who perform the penetrative acts are known as Panthi. Kothis differ from Hijras as they do not live in the kind of intentional communities that hijras usually live in. They are similar to the Hijra in that they may take a same-sex lover for a period of time, and they may perform sexual favors for men through prostitution. Other sources state that the term Kothi is an all-encompassing term for males in India who do not conform to their social gender. So the term Kothi would include the identity of Hijra, among others. See also * Tamil se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hijra (Indian Subcontinent)
In the Indian subcontinent, hijra ur} bn, kn, te, pa, or, , and / ''khusra'' (Punjabi). are eunuchs, intersex people, or transgender people who live in communities that follow a kinship system known as guru-chela system. Also known as aravani, aruvani, and jogappa, the hijra community in India prefer to call themselves "kinnar", referring to the mythological beings that excel at song and dance. In Pakistan, they are known as khawaja sira, the equivalent of transgender in the Urdu language. Hijras are officially recognised as a third gender in the Abbottabad, being considered neither completely male nor female. Hijras have a recorded history in the Indian subcontinent since antiquity, as suggested by the ''Kama Sutra''. Starting in the 19th century, hijras were targeted by British colonial authorities who sought to eradicate them, criminalised under Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code (1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Femminiello
or (singular , also spelled as ''femmeniello'') are a population of people who embody a third gender role in traditional Neapolitan culture It may be hard to define this term within modern Western notions of " gay men" versus "trans women" since both these categories overlap to a degree in the case of . This term is not derogatory and does not carry a stigma; instead are traditionally believed to bring good luck. Etymology The name of this role means 'little women-men'. This is derived from Neapolitan ''femmena'' 'woman' with the suffix ''-iello'', which is a diminutive term of endearment, with a masculine ''-o'' ending. This is neither derogatory nor an insult. Gender analysis It is reductive to insert the Neapolitan ''femminiello'' within the macro-category of transgender usually adopted in Northern European and North American contexts. According to University of Naples Federico II professor Eugenio Zito, "The alternative identity of femminielli is possible from a transfor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muxe
In Zapotec cultures of Oaxaca (southern Mexico), a muxe (also spelled muxhe; ) is a person assigned male at birth who dresses and behaves in ways otherwise associated with women; they may be seen as a third gender. Etymology The Zapotec word ' is thought to derive from the Spanish word for "woman", '. In the 16th-century, the letter ''x'' had a sound similar to "sh" (see ). Gender and identity in Zapotec culture In contrast to Mexico's majority ''mestizo'' culture, the Isthmus of Tehuantepec has a predominantly Zapotec population, one of the country's indigenous peoples. It is widely reported that muxe face less hostility there than homosexual, effeminate males, and trans women do elsewhere in Mexico. One study estimates that 6 percent of males in an Isthmus Zapotec community in the early 1970s were muxe. Other Zapotec communities, outside the Isthmus, have similar third gender roles, such as the '' biza’ah'' of Teotitlán del Valle. Some marry women and have children w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Travesti (gender Identity)
The term travesti () is used in Latin America—to designate people who were assigned male at birth, but develop a gender identity according to different expressions of femininity. Other terms have been invented and are used in South America in an attempt to further distinguish it from cross-dressing, drag, or pathologizing connotations. In Spain, the term was used in a similar way during the Franco era, but it was replaced with the advent of the medical model of transsexuality in the late 1980s and early 1990s, in order to rule out negative stereotypes. The arrival of these concepts occurred later in Latin America than in Europe, so the concept of travesti lasted over time with various connotations. Travesti identities are heterogeneous and multiple, so it is difficult to reduce them to universal explanations. They have been studied by various disciplines, especially anthropology, which has extensively documented the phenomenon in both classical and more recent ethnographies. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transgender Culture
LGBT culture is a culture shared by lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer individuals. It is sometimes referred to as queer culture (indicating people who are queer), while the term gay culture may be used to mean "LGBT culture" or to refer specifically to homosexual culture. LGBT culture varies widely by geography and the identity of the participants. Elements common to cultures of gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender, and intersex people include: * Works by famous gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender people, including: **Contemporary LGBT artists and political figures like Larry Kramer, Keith Haring and Rosa von Praunheim. **Historical figures identified as LGBT, although identifying historical figures with modern terms for sexual identity is controversial (see History of sexuality). However, many LGBT people feel a kinship with these people and their work (particularly that addressing same-sex attraction or gender identity); an example is VictoryFund.org, dedicat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tahitian Culture
Tahitian or Tahitians may refer to: * someone or something from or associated with the island of Tahiti ** Tahitians, people with an indigenous Tahitian or ethnic identity ** Tahitian language, an Eastern Polynesian language used as a ''lingua franca'' in much of French Polynesia ** Tahitian mythology Tahiti and Society Islands mythology comprises the legends, historical tales, and sayings of the ancient people of the Society Islands, consisting of Tahiti, Bora Bora, Raiatea, Huahine, Moorea and other islands. It is considered a variant of a mor ..., their ancient folk religion See also * * {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
